• Title/Summary/Keyword: Long-living people

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A Study on the Change and the Hint of Public Reverse Mortgage System in Japan (일본 공적역모기지의 변화와 시사점)

  • Yoo Seon-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2005
  • This study will focus on status and structure of Japanese public reverse mortgage that has been changed since 1980. Especially, on newly introduced long-term supporting system for living fund after 2003. Private housing construction companies studied preceding cases of real estate products with reverse mortgage theory and also induced learning point from the change of Japanese public reverse mortgage market. From this on the purpose of this study is suggesting a better plan for successful reverse mortgage introduction in Korea. The data and articles of Japanese reverse mortgage are used for this study, also reverse mortgage related data are collected from web-site and research reports from the inside and outside of the country. From the total postal survey in September, 2004, the system contents after Year 2003 are described here. As described above, reverse mortgage is a way to support public social pension system and expected to play an important role as an assisting method for stable housing and supporting living cost to the aged. Eventually, it is necessary to find a way for introducing a public reverse mortgage as a welfare system for low income people.

A Study on Ship Evacuation Safety Consequent on the Size and Sort of Fire (화재의 크기와 종류에 따른 선박 피난 안전 연구)

  • KIM, Won-Ouk;KIM, Dae-Hee
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.1358-1364
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    • 2016
  • Maritime accidents caused by a ship include collisions, sinking, stranding and fire etc. This study is intending to consider fire accidents among such diverse marine accidents. It is much likely that various sorts of fires break out because crewmen are living in a narrow space for long periods of time consequent on the ship's characteristic of sailing on the sea. According to the ship fire survey, about 50% of the total fire accidents occurred at an engine room, and the main fire origin was analyzed to be oil. In addition, ship fire breaks out in the order of baggage racks and living quarter. In short, the survey indicates that all sorts of fires belonging to A, B, C and D-class have occurred. This study, targeting an actual passenger ship 'A', found the response time to evacuation, during which the people on board a ship recognize the outbreak of fire, and act, and the travel time for evacuation which is the actual travel time. In addition, this study carried out a simulation through the special program for fire analysis - FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) in order to find the effective evacuation time, i.e. life survival time. Particularly, this study did comparative analysis of the influence on the survival of passengers and crew based on the collected simulation data by fire size and sort. As a result of the analysis, it was found that when examining the only actual evacuation movement time excepting the response time to evacuation, people are safe by completing evacuation before the effective evacuation time only in case fire size is 100Kw among all sorts of fires. In other words, in case of the outbreak of fire more than 1 MW, it was found to fail to meet evacuation safety regardless of fire size.

FEDERAL DISABILITY LAW AND ITS IMPACT ON HEALTH CARE FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE UNITED STATES (미국 연방 장애법과 동법이 장애인의 의료서비스에 미친 영향)

  • Song, Se-Jin
    • The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.17-30
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    • 2006
  • Federal disability law has evolved from several laws geared to protect people with disabilities since the late 1960s and early 1970s. When U.S. Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990, no federal statute prohibited the majority of employers, program administrators, owners and managers of places of public accommodation and others from discriminating against people with disabilities. Toward the ends to assure equality of opportunity, full participation, independent living, and economic self-sufficiency for individuals with the disabilities, the ADA pursues three major strategies: Title I addresses inequality in employment, Title II, inequality in public services, and Title III, inequality in services and accommodations offered by private entities. The purposes of the study were to analyze the impact of the ADA on health care for persons with disabilities and to review the ongoing health policy reforms at the federal and state governments. Essential remedies that the ADA contemplates are based on two principles, simple discrimination and reasonable accommodation, which significantly improved access to quality care, especially long-term care, by persons with disabilities. However, the ongoing Medicaid policy reforms to control rising health care costs in the U.S. could threaten the access to care by persons with disabilities in optional groups and to optional care services by persons with disabilities in mandatory groups.

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Traditional Health Behavior(Yangseng) and Depression Level in the Rural People (농촌지역 주민의 우울 수준과 양생실천 정도)

  • Kim, Lak-Hyung;Kim, Young-Hee;Ahn, Ok-Hee
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : Yangseng is a traditional healthcare regimen on the promotion of health and prevention of illnesses by means of specific principles and methods for the purpose of living a long and healthy life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of depression level and Yangseng in rural residents for the promotion of health and prevention of illness. Methods: The subjects of this study were 1205 rural residents who live in Wanju. Cheonbuk. Korea. Beck depression inventory and the Yangseng were assessed by survey personnels. Results: The total score of Yangsaeng was $102.70{\pm}14.03$, and the BDI score was $2.80{\pm}4.96$. Mild depression group was 5.03%. depression and severe depression group was 3.86%. Normal group in depression showed higher Yangsaeng score. and the high Yangsaeng score group showed lower BDI score. Conclusions : Above results suggest that there are signigicant relations between depression and Yangsaeng. These results could be used for planning the public healthcare programs and Yangseng promoting program based on Korean traditional medicine.

The 16th Century Hawking in Pyeongang area, Gangwon-do (16세기 후반 강원도 평강지역의 매사냥 실태와 그 성격 - 오희문(吳希文)의 『 尾錄』을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, In-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.36
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    • pp.313-334
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    • 2003
  • Historically, hawking/falconry refer to the hunting for pheasants, birds and hares using a hawk. In spite of its long history, not so many studies were found and/or have been performed. Examining researches, hawking has been enjoyed solely by the royal families until the early Joseon Dynasty but it has been popularly spread among the people in the 18th century, emphasizing recreational factors of it. The researches, however, dealt only with the limited data published by the government while a diary, Swaemirok written by Oh Hi-Mun, an intellectual in the 16th century noted the realities and characteristics of hawking at that time. According to the diary, hawking has been spread all over the country in the 16th century and the people as well as the royal families enjoyed it. The hawking season has been continued for a year except for summertime trees and plants grow thick. For the hawking, they need to be permitted officially or under a tacit consent. In those days, beef and pork are very rare. A peasant acted as, therefore, an excellent alternative and was served up for a religious service. In view of the truth, it could be stated that peasant-hawking was important for recreational activities as well as for their living.

The Impact of Cross-Border Tourism on Bilateral Trade: Evidence from BRICS Countries

  • He, Yugang
    • The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.29-39
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    • 2018
  • Purpose - With the improvement of people's living standards, traveling abroad has become a common way for people to release the pressure of life and work. In economics, this kind of way can affect the international trade. Because of this background, this paper sets BRICS countries as an example to explore the impact of cross-border tourism on bilateral trade. Research design, data, and Methodology - The annual time series data sets form 1998 to 2016 are used to perform an empirical analysis under a series of econometric approaches such as the Phillips-Perron test and the Engle-Granger two-step test. In this paper, the cross-border tourism and the bilateral trade will be used to conduct an empirical analysis based on the econometric approaches to analyze the impact of cross-border tourism on bilateral trade. Results - The finding of this paper show that there is a long-run relationship between cross-border tourism and bilateral trade in this sample. Moreover, the cross-border tourism is the Granger causality of bilateral trade. Namely, the cross-border tourism can promote the development of bilateral trade. Conclusions - In short, the evidences that this paper presents show that the cross-border tourism is a driving factor that impacts the bilateral trade in the sample of BRICS countries.

사별에 대한 한국 문화적 접근

  • Im, Seung-Hui
    • Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 2005
  • To determine which are the culturally specific factors of Korean bereavement, this chapter focuses on the view of death and the traditional mourning process which reflect Korean values and norms. The formation of the Korean view and understanding of death has been strongly influenced by three of its major traditional religions: Shamanism, Buddhism, and Confucianism (Park:1994: Hao:1999) and Christianity more recently. Each religion has a different view of death and the appropriate expression of mourning. Korea accommodates funeral customs and rules strictly as a cultural system and has retained these traditions over a long period; hence, some of the traditional funeral rituals still remain in modern Korean life, although some of the rites have been simplified. We have looked at the various ways in which grief and mourning is displayed and shared in a collective manner over a long period of time. This fits in well within the other Eastern cultures that are collectively organized, and contrary to the Eurocentric models do not hastily seek to detach the living from the dead and recognize that grief is a long process, and different individuals may take different amounts of time to recover from the grief. The view of death and bereavement in Korea has sprung from the roots of three Korean religions, together with the recent addition of Christianity, although they mainly result from the three earlier religions. The beliefs of these religions are still closely linked together in the rituals of Korean bereavement on both conscious and unconscious levels. The influence of these religions is evident in practice through the bereaved family's mourning reactions, funeral rites and customs and its views about death. Korea used to have a period of mourning for three years, following traditional mourning rites; then the chief mourner and the bereaved families could return to their normal life. In spite of this long mourning process for the bereaved family, once the funeral ceremony is finished, people expect the bereaved family not to express their grief in public; even the bereaved family does not like to talk about death. The process for bereaved people is related to mourning processes in terms of detachment from the deceased in order to start a new life. Relatives and the community recommend the performance of the kut ceremony for relieving the grief of the bereaved. When one family member dies in an unlucky way, the bereaved family may have some fear or other psychological reactions of grief such as pain, depression, insomnia and nightmares, hallucinations or other physical reactions. Unlucky deaths give the bereaved a very painful time and these types of reactions are often more serious than reactions to natural death. But through the kut ceremony, the bereaved family can start to make a new relationship with the deceased. The taboo of this type of death and death generally remains a crucial aspect of the isolation that bereaved people might face and the collective nature of mourning(even where it is still present) is unable to address this aspect of the privatization of grief.

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Burqanism from the Origin of the Pastoral Nomadic Koryo Region and the Vision of Korean Livestock Farming (고려의 원시영역 유목초지, 그 부르칸(불함)이즘과 한국축산의 비전)

  • Chu Chae Hyok
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.71-82
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    • 2005
  • Khori(高麗) refers to the Chaabog(reindeer) that live on lichens(蘚) on Mt. Soyon(鮮) in which pastures are the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia. Thus, the origin region of the Khori or Koguryo that are the ancestors of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads(馴鹿 遊牧民) can be said to be the Steppe-Taiga-Tundra pastoral areas of North Eurasia and North America. When the pastoral nomads moved on to the great mountain(大山) zone of the Jangbaek(長白) to the Baekdu(白頭) Mountains, they could have been in contact with pastoral farmers or agricultural farmers living there and they became the farmers remaining on agricultural farms. They were the Koryo people, the ancestors of Korea. Staying in one place, they gradually forgot the origin of their reindeer-herding pastoral nomadic history in the Northwest area of Mt. Soyon, the small mountain(小山) zone of the Steppe-Taiga-Tundra pastoral areas. In other words, they lost their identity as reindeer-herding pastoral nomads when they entered the agricultural area after leaving the pastoral area. However, since their basic genes had already formed when they lived on the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia, it is possible to study their pastoral nomadic history focusing on 'the minority living in the broad area(廣域少數)', by utilizing highly advanced biotechnological science and focusing on genes and information technology innovation, and removing various past hindrances in research. Therefore, it is not so difficult to restore the reindeerherding pastoral nomadic history of the Koguryo(高句麗) people and secure their pastoral nomadic identity, of which the first steps have already been taken into their historical stages. The Eurasian continent and the Korean peninsula, especially the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia and the Korean peninsula have been closely related to each other ecologically and historically. They can never be a separate space at all. The Eurasian continent lies horizontally east to west and thus, the continent forms an isothermal zone. Also, since the time of producing their own foods, it was relatively easy for people with their technology to move to other places owing to the pastoral nomadic characteristic of mobility. Unlike the Chungyen(中原) region, western Asia and the regions covering the Siberia-Manchu-Korean peninsula where food production revolution was first made were connected to the Mongolian lichens route(蘚苔之路: Ni, ukinii jam) and steppe roads. Although the ecological conditions of nature have changed a bit throughout a long history, it was natural for the many tribes in North Asia living on the largest Steppe-Taiga-Tundra area in the world to have believed 'the legends related to animals in relation to their founders and ancestors(獸祖傳說)'. Assuming that Siberian tigers and the tigers living on Mt. Baekdu were connected ecologically and genetically because of the ecological characteristics of the animals, and their migration from plateau to plateau, we would suspect that the Chosun(朝鮮) tribe living on Mt. Baekdu were ethnically and culturally more closely connected to the farther removed Ural-Altai tribes that lived on the cold and dry plateau region than to the Han(i14;) tribe who lived in Chungyen(中原) that was close to Mt. Baekdu. More evidence is the structure of the Korean language which has the form of 'Subject + Object + Verb', which is assumed to have originated from the speedy lifestyle of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads. The structure is quite different from that of the Han(漢) language, which is based on agricultural life. Also, it is natural for reindeer riding reindeerherding pastoral nomads or horse-riding sheep-herding pastoral nomads(騎馬, 羊遊牧民) to have held military and political power over the region and eventually to have established an ancient pastoral nomadic empire in the process of their conquest of agricultural regions. The stages for founding global empires in the history of mankind maybe largely divided into two, in terms of ecological conditions and occupations. They are the steppes and the oceans. Of course, the steppe-based empires were established based on the skills to deal with horses and the ability to shoot arrows while riding horses, along with the use of iron ware in the 8th century BC. The steppe-based empires became the foundation for an oceanic empire, which could have been established by the use of warships and warship guns since the 15th Century. Based on those facts, we know that Chosun, Puyo(夫餘), and Koguryo are the products of a developmental process of pastoral nomadic empires on the steppes. Maybe we can easily find the pastoral nomadic identity of the Koguryo more than we expected when we trace the origins and history of the Korean tribe living in the pastures located in the northwest area of Mt. Jangbaek by focusing on pastoral nomadic mobility and organization just as we have investigated the historic origins of Anglo-Saxons in America by focusing on the times before the 15th Century. In the process, we should keep in mind that English culture originated from the Industrial Revolution and was directly delivered to the American continent, although America was far from England and was not an intermediate point on long sojourns either. Further, American culture came back to England in a more advanced form later. The most important thing currently to be resolved is to cause Koreans to look back on their own history in a freer way of thinking and with diverse, profound, and sharp insight, taking away the old and existing conventional recognition that is entangled with complicated interests with Korean people and other countries. The meanings of Chosun, Khori, and Solongos have been interpreted arbitrarily without any historic evidence by the scholars who followed conventional tradition of fixed-minded aristocrats in an agricultural society. If the Siberian cultural properties of the stone age, the earthenware age, the bronze age, and the iron age are analyzed in such a way, archaeological discovery will never be able to contribute to the restoration of the Koguryo's pastoral nomadic identity. One should transcend the errors that tend to interpret the cultural properties discovered in the pastoral nomadic regions as not being differentiated from those of agricultural regions and just interpret them altogether from the agricultural point of view. A more careful intention is required in the interpretation of cultural properties of ancient Korean empires that seem to have been formed due to mutual interactions of pastoral nomadic and agricultural cultures. Also, it is required that the conventional recognition chain of 'reverse-genes' be severed, which has placed more weight on agricultural properties than pastoral nomadic ones, since their settlement on agricultural farms was made after the establishment of their ancient pastoral nomadic empires. There is no reason at all to place priority on stoneware, earthenware, bronze ware, and iron ware than on wooden ware(木器) and other ware which were made of animal skins(皮器), bones and horns(骨角器), in analyzing the history in the regions of reindeer or sheep pastures. Reading ancient Korean history from the perspective of pastoral nomadic history, one feels strongly the instinctive emotions to return to the natural 'mother place'. The reindeer-herding pastoral nomadic identity of the Koguryo people that has been accumulated in volumes in their genes and hidden deep inside and have interacted organically could be reborn with Burqanism(Burqan refers to 不咸 in Chinese), which was their religion by birth and symbolized as the red willow(紅柳=不咸). The mother place of the Koguryo's people is the endless vast green pastures of North Eurasia and North America, where we anticipated the development of Korean livestock farming following the inherent properties in the genes of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads with Korean ancestors. We anticipate that the place would be the core resource that could contribute to the development of life of living creatures following the inherent properties of their genes and biotechnological factors. In other words, biotechnology used for a search for clues on the well-being of humans could be the fruit brought by Burqanism of the Koguryo people and the fruit of the globalization of Korean livestock farming. It is the Chosun farmer in China come from the vast nomadic reindeer pastures of North Eurasia that resolved the food problem of a billion Chinese people with lowland paddy rice seeds (水稻) by transforming Heilongjiang Province(黑龍江省) into an oceanic lowland paddy rice field(水田). Even Mao Tse-tung(毛擇東) could not resolve the food problem by his revolution campaigns for tens of years. Today is the very time that requires the development of special livestock farming following the inherent properties of the ancient Korean reindeer-herding pastoral nomads that respected the dignity of life on the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia and the America continent. I suggest that research should be started from the pastures of the Dariganga Steppe in East Mongolia that was the homeland of Hanwoo(韓牛) and the central horse-herding steppe place(牧馬場) of Chingis Khan's Mongolia. The Dariganga Steppe is awash with an affluent natural environment for pastoral nomadic living however, the quality of life of the pastoral nomads there is still low. I suggest we Koreans, the descendents of the Koguryo, should take our first steps for our livestock farming business project and develop the Northern nomadic pastures, here at the pastures of the Dariganga Steppe, which is the Mongolian core place of state-of-the-art technology for military weapons.

Caregiving for the Long-Term Care Elderly Women - Focusing on Caregiving Characteristics and Depression - (장기 보호 여성노인의 수발에 관한 연구 - 수발특성과 우울을 중심으로 -)

  • 김태현
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.41 no.6
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    • pp.143-156
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    • 2003
  • The present study was initially designed to figure out the general condition of care giving system for the elderly women who need long term care and the level of their depression according to the conditions of care. And This research is intented to present appropriate policy that could help the establishment of supporting system for the fragile elderly women.1 used the data from <2001 National Study on the Needs for the Long-Term Care Elderly> by Korea Health and Population Institute. The results are as follows: First, Two third of all the respondents had serious problems (2-9 activities limits) in Instrumental Daily Living Ability(DAL). Most respondents reported “low” in satisfaction level related to receiving care, meaning the elderly had negative perception for the care from the family. The elderly expected their children to be as the primary care giver and mostly wanted to live with them in the future. Second, The majority of the long term care elderly women haven't used community service facilities very often and said they are not likely going to use the facilities in the future. Third, The respondents reported high in depression level as to lower satisfaction with their children's support, poorer health condition, more reluctant to use service facilities due to the cost, and fewer friends and neighbors resources around them. Therefore I could say that negative factors for the elderly women's psychological health were having unsatisfactory relationship with intimate people, developing physical illness, being in economic difficulties. That is, receiving less help from close family members, shrinking social network, and experiencing economic hardship would have negative effects on elderly women's psychological health. In the basis of these results, I suggest that in the mean time we shouldn't overlook the importance of the private support when we develop the public elderly support system.

Characteristics of fashion accessories of minorities in Yunnan, China - focused on Bai, Zhuang, Hani, Dai, and the Zang nationality - (중국 윈남성 소수민족 복식의 장신구 특성 - 바이족(白族), 좡족(壮族), 다이족(傣族), 장족(藏族), 하니족(哈尼族)을 중심으로 -)

  • Xuanmeng, Zhao;Yoon, Jung-A;Lee, Youn-Hee
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.109-124
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    • 2018
  • This study focused on the accessory of clothes of minority groups in Yunnan province to further the research about specific accessories' development in the future. Among the minorities in Yunnan, this study centralized characteristics of ornaments, hats and belts among five minority groups such as the Bai, Zhuang, Hani, Dai, and the Zang as representatives to study in detail because these five ethnicities have a relatively long history and plentiful information. The results are as follows: First, exaggeration means large gorgeous patterns that attract attention. Generally, there are many natural resources that can be used in places where these minority groups live such as gems, gold, silver shells and animals' horns, bone, teeth and the like. Headdress includes combs, loops, hairpins and other similar articles. Second, nature is a very fundamental part that people rely on for existence and development. The production and living that people need in life all depend on nature. The design of accessories is made from animal forms and patterns of clothes are presented through embroidery and wax printing. Designers always tried to add natural elements to their works. Third, symbolism consists of two aspects: One is the people's imagination, which related to actual materials, and the other is the product of imagination that provides better conditions to inspire people when they design. In China, most minority groups believe in Buddhism. The symbols in the clothing show their devout faith. Even the method of wear has many special implications like the use of accessories and length of clothing. The pattern of dragons and use of golden, red and other colors all have a proper symbolic significance in modern designs.