• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.507-511
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• 2000

Background: The prognosis for young patients generally considered to be poor. The purpose of this study was to determined whether the clinical characteristics and the survival rate in young lung cancer patients after surgical treatment differs from that in older patients. Material and Method: Of 526 patients, 28(5.3%) were 30 to 40 years old. We studied the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 28 patients aged 40 years or less(Group 1), in whom primary lung cancer was diagnosed and operated between 1990 and 1997, and compared them with those 498 patients aged more than 40 years(Group 2). Result: The differences in sex ratio that were higher for women in Group 1, but there was no significant difference (p=0.297). The percentages for smokers and symptoms in Group 1 were significantly less than in Group 2.(p=0.049, p=0.008). Adenocarcinoma was significantly more common (p=0.018) and squamous cell diagnosed was diagnosed as stage IIIb or stage IV in 9 patients(32.1%), while 12.0% of the patients older than 40 years of age had either stage IIIb or stage IV(p=0.002). The 5-year survival rate was 41.3% in Group 1 ; 37.7% in Group 2, and the median survival time was 24.3 months in Group 1 ; 27.0 months is Group 2. There were no significant difference in survival between two age groups(p=0.808). Conclusion: Younger patients have more adenocarcinoma, however have less squamous cell carcinoma, less symptoms and less smoking history. Although younger patients tended to have more advanced disease and less complete resection rate, the recurrence and the long term survival in these patients did not differ that of older patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate prognostic factors for survival in pathologic stage IIIA/N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to identify the prognostic significance of the metastatic patterns of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) relating to survival and to recurrence and metastasis. Methods: A total of 129 patients who underwent radical resection for pathologic stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC from July 1998 to April 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The end points of this study were rates of loco-regional recurrence and distant metastasis, and survival. Results: The overall 5-year survival rate was 47.4%. A univariate analysis showed that age, pathologic T stage, and adjuvant chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors, while in multivariate analysis, pathologic T stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors. The metastasis rate was higher in patients with multi-station N2 involvement and with more than 3 positive MLNs. Further, non-regional MLN metastasis was associated with a higher loco-regional recurrence rate. Conclusion: Pathologic T stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for long-term survival in pathologic stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC. The recurrence and the metastasis rate were affected by the metastatic patterns of MLNs. These results may be helpful for planning postoperative therapeutic strategies and predicting outcomes.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.212-224
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• 2019

Purpose: Splenic hilar lymph node dissection (LND) during total gastrectomy is regarded as the standard treatment for proximal advanced gastric cancer (AGC). This study aimed to investigate whether splenic hilar LND or D2 LND is essential for proximal AGC of pT2- 4aN0M0 stage. Materials and Methods: Data of curative total gastrectomies (n=370) performed from 2000 to 2010 for proximal AGC of pT2-4aN0 stage were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcomes were compared using propensity score matching between patients who underwent splenectomy (n=43) and those who did not (n=327) and between patients who underwent D2 LND (n=122) and those who underwent D1+ LND (n=248). Results: Tumors of larger size and a more advanced T stage and significantly lower overall and relapse-free survival (P<0.001) were observed in the splenectomy group than in the 2 spleen-preserving groups. Before propensity score matching, worse overall and relapse-free survival (P<0.001) was observed in the splenectomy group than in the non-splenectomy group. After matching, although the overall survival became similar (P=0.123), relapse-free survival was worse in the splenectomy group (P=0.021). Compared with D1+ LND, D2 LND had no positive impact on the overall (P=0.619) and relapse-free survival (P=0.112) after propensity score matching. Conclusions: Splenic hilar LND with or without splenectomy may not have an oncological benefit for patients with pathological AGC with no LN metastasis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.661-671
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• 1992

From March 1988 to May 1991, 140 CarboMedics cardiac valve prostheses[75 mitral, 9 aortic and 28 double aortic-mitral] were implanted in 112 consecutive patients[mean age 36.7$\pm$11.6 years, male/female 48/76] by one surgical team operating on adult cardiac patients at Kyoungpook University Hospital Associated Surgical procedures were performed in 19 patients[16.9%]. Total follow up represented 2,345 patient-months[mean 22.4 months] and was 100% complete. Eighty-two patients[73%] were in NYHA functional class IIIor IV preoperatively and 102 patients [95%] were in class I or II postoperatively. Hospital[30 day] mortality was 4.4%, [3/75 mitral, 1/9 aortic, 1/28 double valve replacement] and late death was 1.7%. [1 /74 mitral, 1 /28 double valve replacement] The actuarial survival at 36 months was 94.0% after mitral, 80% after aortic, 92% after double valve replacement, and 93.2% for the total group. The linearized incidence of valve relater death, prosthetic valve thrombosis, anticoagulant related hemorrhage, and reoperation was 1.00%/pt-yr, 0.51%/pt/yr, 0.51%/pt-yr, and 0.51%/pt-yr respectively. The 36 month rates of freedom from valve replated death, thromboembolism, endocarditis, anti-coagulant related hemorrages, and reoperation were 98.75%, 99.08%, 100%, 99.04%, and 99.08% respectively. The 36 month rate of freedom from all valve related complications and deaths including hospital mortality was 90.2%. These fact suggest that the CarboMedics heart valve has excellent short-term result, low incidence of valve-related complications and valve dysfunction, and additional long term follow up study is necessary.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2007

목 적 : 폰탄 술식은 술전 환아관리 및 수술 적응증의 세분화, 수술 방법과 술후 관리의 발전에 힘입어 조기 생존율이 향상되고 있으나 추적 관찰 기간이 길어질수록 후기 합병증이 점차 대두되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 후기 합병증의 위험요인을 분석하고 현재까지 추적 관찰되고 있는 환아들의 임상경과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1986년부터 2000년까지 폰탄 수술을 받은 환아 302명(수술 연령; 3.5세(5개월-15세))을 대상으로 하여 후향적 분석을 하였다. 결 과 : 폰탄 수술을 받을 당시의 나이는 5개월에서부터 15세 사이로 평균 3.5세, 중앙값 2.4세였다. 수술방법은 Lateral tunnel (LT) 폰탄 154명, Atriopulmonary connection(APC) 폰탄 107명, Extracardiac(EC) 폰탄 37명이었다. 추적 관찰 기간은 3년 5개월에서 18년 사이로 평균 추적 관찰 기간은 수술 후 8.3년이었으며 조기 사망을 제외한 241명의 5년 생존율은 91.6%, 10년 생존율은 87.7%였다. 후기 사망의 원인으로는 심혈관 연관성이 55.5%로 가장 많았으며 급사가 22.2%이었다. 심방성 빈맥의 발생빈도는 11.2%였고 폰탄 수술 후 평균 $8.4{\pm}5.6$년 후 빈맥이 발생하였다. 심방성 부정맥은 혈전동반 유무와 수술방법이 유의하게 영향을 미쳤다. 혈전 발생은 9.3%의 환자에서 관찰되었으며 수술 후 발생한 서맥이 관련 있는 요인으로 서맥이 발생하지 않은 환아에 비해 혈전이 생길 위험도를 9.9배 높였다. 폰탄 수술 후 발생한 서맥 발생 환자의 빈도는 7.4%로 완전방실차단 8명, 동결절 기능 장애 8명이었다. 완전방실차단이 발생한 환아 모두 심박동기를 부착하였는데 폰탄 수술과 직접적인 연관성은 없었다. 혈전이 발생한 환아가 발생하지 않은 환아에 비해 서맥이 생길 위험도는 9.1배 높았다. 단백소실성 장증은 10명(4.6%)에서 폰탄 수술 후 평균 6.5년(1-12.9년)이 지나서 발생하였으며 수술 당시 나이가 많을수록 발생할 위험도는 2.3배 높았다. 폰탄 전환술을 시행한 환아는 총 19명이었으며, 적응증으로는 심방성 부정맥, 판막 역류, 혈전, 단백 소실성 장증이었다. 조기 사망한 2명 모두 단백소실성 장증이 동반되어 있었다. 결 론 : 폰탄 수술의 후기 생존율은 받아들일만큼 향상되었다. 그러나 생존해 있는 환아들의 상당수에서 부정맥, 혈전, 단백소실성 장증, 급사, 판막역류 그리고 심부전 등의 후기 합병증이 관찰되어 이들 환아들에 대한 철저한 추적 관찰과 조기 치료가 필요하다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.607-612
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• 2007

배경: 골육종 환자의 폐전이는 외과적 절제술이 표준치료로 인정되고 있으나 반복적인 폐전이에 대한 절제술의 역할은 아직 정립되어 있지 않다. 저자들은 폐전이를 보인 골육종 환자에서 반복적인 폐전이 절제술의 생존율과 예후인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1990년 1월부터 2005년 7월까지 골육종 폐전이를 진단받은 62명의 환자 중 폐전이 절제술을 시행받은 36명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 결과: 36명의 환자에서 모두 62회의 폐전이 절제술을 시행했으며 18명에서 2차 폐전이 절제술을, 7명에서 3차 폐전이 절제술을, 1명에서 4차 폐전이 절제술을 시행하였다. 1차 폐전이 절제술 후 중앙 생존기간은 20.5개월, 3년 및 5년 생존율은 32.6% 및 29.4%로, 2차 폐전이절제술 후의 중앙생존기간 11.3개월, 3년 및 5년 생존율 34.9% 및 34.9%와 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 3차 폐전이 절제술 후 중앙 생존기간은 7.1개월로 유의하게 짧았다(p=0.01). 장기 생존한 군에서 비-장기 생존자에 비해 여성, 무병생존기간이 12개월 이상, 단일 전이 병소, 구역절제술 이상의 수술이 많았으나 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 결론: 골육종 환자에서 반복적인 폐전이 절제술은 유용한 치료방법이라 생각되며, 일부 환자에서는 장기 생존을 기대할 수 있었다. 예후인자에 대하여는 향후 더 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로 하는 추가적인 연구가 필요하리라 생각한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.693-698
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• 2005

배경: 발살바동류(Sinus Valsalva Aneurysm, SVA)는 드문 질환으로, 심실중격결손증과 대동맥판막 궤쇄부전 등이 흔하게 동반되는 것으로 알려져 있다 이에 대한 치료로는 여러 가지 접근 방법을 통한 수술 기법이 시도되고 있지만 국내에서의 수술 치료 후 장기적인 결과는 보고된 바가 없다. 저자들은 지난 30년간 발살바동류 및 발살바동 파열로 수술 받은 환자들의 임상 기록을 고찰하여, 발살바동류 및 발살바동 파열의 수술 후 장기 성적을 살펴보았다. 대상 및 방법: 1974년 3월부터 2002년 2월까지 연세대학교 심장혈관병원에서 SVA 및 파열로 수술을 시행한 81명을 대상으로 후향적인 조사를 시행하였는데, 환자들의 평균 나이는 $29.2\pm1l.5$세였고 남자가 49명이었다. SVA에 동반된 심장 기형으로는 VSD가 50예, 동맥관 개존증과 Bechet's병이 각각 2예, 활로 4증후군, 우심실유출로 협착 그리고 대동맥륜 확장이 각각 1예에서 있었다. 77명$(95\%)$의 환자들에서 SVA의 파열이 있었으며, 14명의 환자들에서 아급성 세균성 심내막염이 동반되어 있었다. 대동맥판막 폐쇄부전은 grade I: 8명, II: 10명, III: 9명, IV: 4명에서 발견되었다. 발살바동류는 우관상동 부위에서 66예$(81\%)$로 가장 많이 발견되었으며, 발살바동류의 파열은 우심실과의 교통이 가장 많았다(53/77). 수술은 첨포를 사용한 경우가 37예, 직접 봉합을 한 경우가 38예, 기타의 방법이 1예 있었다. 결과: 수술 사망이 1명 있었다(수술 사망률=$1.2\%$). 환자들의 추적관찰은 2명을 제외한 78명에서 가능하였는데(추적률=$97.5\%$), 평균 추적기간은 $123.3\pm80.9 (3\~330)$개월이었다. 추적 기간 중에 3명의 환자가 사망하였으며(사망률=$3.8\%$), 1명의 환자는 심부전으로, 1명의 환자는 부정맥으로 사망하였으며, 1명의 환자는 원인을 알 수 없이 사망하였다. SVA수술 후 2명의 환자에서 추적 기간 중에 완전 방실차단이 발생하였으며, SVA수술과 관련하여 재발한 경우는 없었다. Kaplan-Meier 방법에 의한 생존율은 15년과 27년에 각각 $92.5\pm3.5\%$로 매우 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 결론: 발상바동류 및 파열의 수술 결과는 매우 양호하였으며, 장기간의 생존율도 만족할 만하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1035-1039
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• 2014

Aim: To evaluate the operative, oncologic and obstetric outcomes of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in cases with cervical neoplasia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who were suspected of cervical neoplasia and therefore undergoing LEEP at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand, during 1995-2000. Outcome measures included operative complications in 407 LEEP patients and long-term outcomes in the 248 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who were treated with only LEEP. Results: There were 407 patients undergoing LEEP; their mean age was $39.7{\pm}10.5$ years. The histopathology of LEEP specimens revealed that 89 patients (21.9%) had lesions ${\leq}CIN$ I, 295 patients (72.5%) had CIN II or III, and 23 patients (5.6%) had invasive lesions. Operative complications were found in 15 patients and included bleeding (n=9), and infection (n=7). After diagnostic LEEP, 133 patients underwent hysterectomy as the definite treatment for cervical neoplasia. Of 248 CIN patients who had LEEP only, seven (2.8%) had suffered recurrence after a median of 16 (range 6-93) months; one had CIN I, one had CIN II, and five had CIN III. All of these recurrent patients achieved remission on surgical treatment with re-LEEP (n=6) or simple hysterectomy (n=1). A significant factor affecting recurrent disease was the LEEP margin involved with the lesion (p=0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed 5-year and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) estimates of 99.9%. Twelve patients became pregnant a total of 14 times, resulting in 12 term deliveries and two miscarriages - one of which was due to an incompetent cervix. Conclusions: LEEP for patients with cervical neoplasia delivers favorable surgical, oncologic and obstetric outcomes.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제63권8호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2020

Korea currently has the world's lowest birth rate but a rapidly inreasing number of preterm infants. The Korean Neonatal Network (KNN), launched by the Korean Society of Neonatology under the support of Korea Centers for Disease Control, has collected population-based data for very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) born in Korea since 2013. In terms of the short-term outcomes of VLBWIs born from 2013 to 2016 registered in the KNN, the survival rate of all VLBWIs was 86%. Respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were observed in 78% and 30% of all VLBWIs, respectively. Necrotizing enterocolitis occurred in 7%, while 8% of the VLBWIs needed therapy for retinopathy of prematurity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Sepsis occurred in 21% during their NICU stay. Intraventricular hemorrhage (grade ≥III) was diagnosed in 10%. In terms of the long-term outcomes for VLBWIs born from 2013 to 2014 registered in the KNN, the post-discharge mortality rate was approximately 1.2%-1.5%, mainly owing to their underlying illness. Nearly half of the VLBWIs were readmitted to the hospital at least once in their first 1-2 years of life, mostly as a result of respiratory diseases. The overall prevalence of cerebral palsy was 6.2%-6.6% in Korea. Bilateral blindness was reported in 0.2%-0.3% of VLBWIs, while bilateral hearing loss was found in 0.8%-1.9%. Since its establishment, the KNN has published annual reports and papers that facilitate the improvement of VLBWI outcome and the formulation of essential healthcare policies in Korea.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권2호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term (5-year) clinical outcomes of patients who received intensive care unit (ICU) treatment using Korean nationwide data. Methods: All patients aged >18 years with ICU admission according to Korean claims data from January 2008 to December 2010 were enrolled. These enrolled patients were followed up until December 2015. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. Results: Among all critically ill patients admitted to the ICU (n=323,765), patients with cancer showed higher ICU mortality (18.6%) than those without cancer (13.2%, p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in ICU mortality at day 28 among patients without cancer (14.5%) and those with cancer (lung cancer or hematologic malignancies) (14.3%). Compared to patients without cancer, hazard ratios of those with cancer for ICU mortality at 5 years were: 1.90 (1.87-1.94) for lung cancer; 1.44 (1.43-1.46) for other solid cancers; and 3.05 (2.95-3.16) for hematologic malignancies. Conclusion: This study showed that the long-term survival rate of patients with cancer was significantly worse than that of general critically ill patients. However, short term outcomes of critically ill patients with cancer were not significantly different from those of general patients, except for those with lung cancer or hematologic malignancies.