• Title/Summary/Keyword: Long-Term Storage

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Development of Low-Temperature Storage Method of Sweet Persimmons (단감의 저온저장방법(低溫貯藏方法) 개발(開發)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Chung, J.H.;Suh, S.R.
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.232-246
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    • 1994
  • This study was conducted to develop the long-tenn storage method to minimize the black spot occurred on the surface of persimmons stored in the films at low temperature. The storage experiments were done with different films and persimmon varieties at $0^{\circ}C$ storage condition for 5 months, and then the physical and chemical characteristics of persimmons were tested monthly. The results were as follows : 1. The film 160 made from zeolites showed highest performance in well storings sweet persimmons for 5 months, compared with other films by eyesight. The initial moisture condensation inside the films seemed to cause the black spots on persimmons, and the effect of the film holes was never significant to prevent the black spots. 2. The sugar content was ranged from $14^{\circ}Brix$ to $15^{\circ}Brix$ regardless of film types and persimmom varieties, and it changed little for storage of 5 months. 3. The decrease rate of persimmom weight in the film 160 and 180 was 0.3% for storage of 5 months, while those in other films reached to 2%. The decrease rate of persimmon weight was least in the film 160 and 180. 4. The hardness of Fuyu least decreased in the films 160 and 380. It was changed from 36 kg/cnf to 8-27 $kg/cm^2$, and that of Charyang was from 31 $kg/cm^2$ to 8-10 $kg/cm^2$ for storage of 5 months. The hardness of Charyang rapidly decreased as storage period increased. 5. The average rate of black spot(defect rate) of Fuyu measured by a computer image processing system was least in the film 160 by 0.5%, but those in other films was ranged from about 5% to 20% for storage of 5 months. The rate of black spot of Charyang was less than that of Fuyu among most of films. 6. The intensity, hue, and saturation in persimmon color changed according to storage period. Especially, the intensity of persimmon colors decreased as storage period increased, but it was least in the film 160. 7. An integrated long-term storage method of sweet persimmons was suggested in the basis of the experiments and literature reviews.

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Storage of Phytopathogenic Fungal Cultures in Sterile Distilled Water (식물병원 진균 균주의 살균증류수 저장법)

  • 이종규;최경자;김병섭;조광연
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.144-147
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    • 1994
  • About 450 phytopathogenic fungal cultures were stored in sterile distilled water ar room temperature by the sterile water storage method, which has been known as a simple, convenient, and long-term storage method of microorganisms. After 12 months, viability and pathogenicity of the stored isolates were tested. Among 205 tested, 175 isolates (84.5%) survived. Of these, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Pyricularia oryzae, Phytophthora infestans, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed relatively lower survival rate; 92%, 74.1%, 62.5%, 45.8%, and 30%, respectively. Twenty seven isolates belonging to seven important phytopathogenic fungi were tested for pathogenicity, and all isolates tested maintained pathogenicity until at least 12 months after storage.

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Change Sets and Storage Polocies for Ontology Versions Management (온톨로지 버전 관리를 위한 변경 집합과 저장 기법)

  • 윤홍원
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.1257-1265
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, We describe a change set that is to manage historical information and to maintain ontologies during long term. We propose several storage policies of ontology using a change set. A change set includes a change operation set and temporal dimensions. A change operation set is composed with schema change operations and data change operations. We propose three storage policies that are storing all the change sets and storing the change sets and versions periodically, storing the change sets and the versions using sum of change operations. Also, we present the experimental results for evaluating the performance of different storage policies.

Feasibility Study on Leveling Method of Electric Power Load by Applying Thermal Storage Air Conditioning System (축열식 열원시스템 적용에 의한 전력부하 평준화의 경제성 검토)

  • Lee, Chulgoo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2019
  • Reducing global warming potential has become important, and as one of those methods for reducing it, economic evaluation by applying ice thermal storage air conditioning system was performed. The floor area and height of the subject building was assumed $5,000m^2$ and 20 m. Absorption chillerheater system and air source heat pump system was used for comparing to the subject system, and payback period method was used to perform economic evaluation. Although the running cost of ice thermal storage system is reduced compared to two systems, the ratio is not significant compared to the increase of initial construction expenses, and payback period was calculated to be about 7.7 and 79.3 years. However, the heat storage system should be approached from the viewpoint of long term rather than the economic standard in the present standard.

Intermediate Storage Process required before Operation Site Installation of System (Focusing on the Rolling Stock of Railway System) (시스템의 운용 현장 설치 전 요구되는 중간 보관 프로세스 연구 (철도차량 중심으로))

  • Choi, Yo Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2020
  • Due to the nature of the long-term project of a Railway business, Many problems have been arisen in the process of delivering products or systems verified by suppliers to the customer's operation site. Unexpectedly, it is often necessary for the verified products to store intermediately at the supplier's site for a variety of reasons, such as delays in business and delays in civil engineering, at the time of sending them to the customer's operation site. In this study, the intermediate storage process for finding and solving problems related to intermediate storage was presented focusing on the Rolling Stock of Railway System by reference to ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015. A suitable intermediate storage process based on the developed product or system's characteristics will allow the verified products or systems to be placed on the customer's operation site and to meet the customer's product or system requirements.

Long-term Application Effect of Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Silicate Storage and Rice Yield

  • Kim, Myung-Sook;Park, Seong-Jin;Lee, Chang-Hoon;Ko, Byong-Gu;Yun, Sun-Gang
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.6
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    • pp.819-825
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    • 2016
  • Monitoring of soil fertility and crop productivity in long-term application of silicate fertilizers is necessary to use fertilizers efficiently. This study was conducted to investigate effects of continuous application of silicate fertilizer for rice cultivation from 1969 to 2014. The treatments were no silicate fertilizer treatments (N, NC, NPK, and NPKC) and silicate fertilizer treatments (N+S, NC+S, NPK+S, and NPKC+S). The 46-yr input of $2\;ton\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$ of silicate fertilizer increased pH 0.6 ~ 1.1 and exchangeable Ca $2.0{\sim}2.4cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$ in silicate fertilizer treatments (N+S, NC+S, NPK+S, and NPKC+S) compared with no silicate fertilizer treatments (N, NC, NPK, and NPKC) because silicate fertilizer included Ca component. Also, available silicate concentrations of silicate fertilizer treatments (N+S, NC+S, NPK+S, and NPKC+S) increased $169mg\;kg^{-1}$ compared to no silicate fertilizer treatments. In Period II ('90~'14), the mean annual Si field balance varied from 62 to $175kg\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$ in silicate fertilizer treatments, indicating continuous accumulation of soil Si. Silicon uptake and grain yield of rice had greater differences between N treatment and N+S treatment than other treatments. This showed that the application of silicate fertilizer had greater effect in nutrient-poor soils than in proper nutrient soils. Thus the application of silicate fertilizer led to improvement the fertility of soil and increasement of rice production for the lack of soil nutrients.

Performance Enhancement and Recovery Method of Open Cathode PEMFC (오픈 캐소드형 고분자전해질 연료전지의 성능향상과 회복기법)

  • Lee, Kitaek;Kim, Junbom
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.118-124
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    • 2017
  • An air cooling, open cathode type polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has the advantages of system simplification and cost effectiveness. Open cathode PEMFC could suffer from reduced performance due to the membrane dehydration in low humidity of air. Effects of the cathode air flow rate, anode purge interval and long term storage on PEMFC performance were investigated in this work. Fan voltage is an important factor on air cooling PEMFC performance because the cathode air flow rate and stack temperature were controlled by fan voltage. The dead ended anode (DEA) method was applied to increase hydrogen usage. Periodical purge was used to discharge accumulated water and gas. The influence of long term non-operating condition on PEMFC performance degradation due to the membrane dehydration was also studied and the quick recovery method was developed.

Effects of Storage Conditions on Quality Change after Storage of Deastringencied Persimmons (저장조건이 탈삽감의 저장 후 품질변화에 미치는 영향)

  • 정혜승;정헌식;이주백;성종환;최종욱
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2001
  • Effects of storage method and duration on the post-storage quality changes of deastringencied persimmons were investigated. Astringent persimmons(Diospyros kaki T. cv. Chungdobansi) were treated for 39 hours in 70% CO$_2$+5% O$_2$ at 25 $\^{C}$ for astringency removal, and then stored in CA(5%CO$_2$+3%O$_2$, 8%CO$_2$+3%O$_2$), MAP(0.06 mm LDPE film, 5.2%CO$_2$+6.8%O$_2$) and air at 0$\^{C}$ for 15, 45, 75 arnd 105 days. Subsequent to the storage, persimmons were held in air at 10$\^{C}$ for 4 days. The difference of firmness loss in relations to storage methods at O$\^{C}$ during holding at 10$\^{C}$ observed in fruits stored above 45 days at 0$\^{C}$, CA(8%CO$_2$+3%O$_2$) storage was more retarded the firmness loss than the others. Soluble solids during holding at 10$\^{C}$ trended to decrease in fruits stored above 75 days at 0$\^{C}$, CA and MAP storage were a little effective to keeping soluble solids. Titratable acidity during holding at 10$\^{C}$, decreased in fruits stored until 75 days at 0$\^{C}$ regardless storage methods. Sensory characteristics, color, hardness and overall acceptability of fruits stored in CA were significantly higher than those of fruits stored in MAP and air during shelf-life at 10$\^{C}$ after long-term storage at 0$\^{C}$ . These results show that the storage conditions had residual effect on the quality of deastringencied persimmons during shelf-life after long-term storage.

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Effect of Dehydration and Rehydration of the pH-Sensitive Liposomes Containing Chimeric gag-V3 Virus Like Particle on Their Long-term Stability

  • Chang, Jin-Soo;Park, Myeong-Jun;Kim, Tae-Yeon;Woo, Gyu-Jin;Chung, Soo-il;Cheong, Hong-Seok
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.66-71
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    • 1999
  • One of the practical limitations with the use of liposomes for delivery of the pharmaceutical substances such antigens is that liposomes are relatively unstable in storage. In order to extend the stability of liposome in storage without affecting their functional activity, solution-type liposomes were dehydrated to form a structurally intact dry liposomes. Comparative immunological evaluation was carried out for both dry and solution-type liposomes containing gag-V3 chimera, consequently it was found that dry liposomes elicited both humoral and cellular response as efficiently as solution-type liposemes did against the same gag-V3 antigen. Especially, long-term stability of the liposomes was remarkably enhanced by the dehydration made to loposomes without a significant change in its ability to elicit immune response in vivo. These results indicate that dry pH-sensitive liposome may become an effective delivery and adjuvant system for general vaccine development.

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Cryopreservation of Forest Tree Seeds: A Mini-Review

  • Gantait, Saikat;Kundu, Suprabuddha;Wani, Shabir Hussain;Das, Prakash Kanti
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.311-322
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    • 2016
  • Since forest trees form the basis of forest ecosystem, their prolong subsistence is crucial for various flora and fauna. The foremost challenges to sustain the forest ecosystem comprise of the declining forest tree population accompanied with structural changes due to afforestation and exploitation of forest area, environment changes, pests, pollution, and introgressive hybridization. For ex situ conservation approach, in vitro techniques encompass basic role for conserving tree genetic resources, predominantly where natural propagules like recalcitrant seed might not be appropriate for long-term conservation. The practice includes restricted growth techniques, conventional micropropagation, production and storage of synthetic seeds, and cryopreservation. Even though these practices have been applied chiefly to herbaceous species, but recently, woody species were also focused upon. Key conceptions, challenges and techniques for forest tree seed conservation are discussed briefly in this review with special emphasis on some successful cryopreservation approaches for long-term storage.