• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.236-239
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• 2017

After dual plating with a locking compression plate for comminuted intraarticular fractures of the distal humerus, the incidence of ulnar nerve injury after surgery has been reported to be up to 38%. This can be reduced by an anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve but some surgeons believe that extensive handling of the nerve with transposition can increase the risk of an ulnar nerve dysfunction. This paper reports ulnar nerve injuries caused by the incomplete insertion of a screw head in dual plating without an anterior ulnar nerve transposition for AO/OTA type C2 distal humerus fractures. When an anatomical locking plate is applied to a distal humeral fracture, locking screws around the ulnar nerve should be inserted fully without protrusion of the screw because an incompletely inserted screw can cause irritation or injury to the ulnar nerve because the screw head in the locking system usually has a slightly sharp edge because screw head has threads. If the change in insertion angle and resulting protruded head of the screw are unavoidable for firm fixation of fracture, the anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve is recommended over a soft tissue shield.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1131-1135
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• 2005

Since human is vulnerable to emotional, physical and environmental distractions, most human inspectors cannot sustain a consistent 8-hour inspection in a day specifically for small components like door locking levers. As an alternative for human inspection, presented in this study is the development of a machine vision inspection system (MVIS) purposely for door locking levers. Comprises the development is the structure of the MVIS components, designed to meet the demands, features and specifications of door locking lever manufacturing companies in increasing their production throughput upon keeping the quality assured. This computer-based MVIS is designed to perform quality measures of detecting missing portions and defects like burr on every door locking lever. NI Vision Builder software for Automatic Inspection (AI) is found to be the optimum solution in configuring the needed quality measures. The proposed software has measurement techniques such as edge detecting and pattern-matching which are capable of gauging, detecting missing portion and checking alignment. Furthermore, this study exemplifies the incorporation of the optimized NI Builder inspection environment to the pre-inspection and post-inspection subsystems.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.492-498
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• 2017

In this paper, we integrate a divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) in CMOS technology with a $0.18-{\mu}m$ BiCMOS process. We propose a self-injection technique that utilizes harmonic conversion to improve the locking range, phase-noise, and input sensitivity simultaneously. The proposed self-injection technique consists of an odd-to-even harmonic converter and a feedback amplifier. This technique offers the advantage of increasing the injection efficiency at even harmonics and thus realizes the low-power implementation of an odd-order division ILFD. The measurement results using the proposed self-injection technique show that the locking range is increased by 47.8% and the phase noise is reduced by 14.7 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset frequency with the injection power of -12 dBm. The designed divide-by-3 ILFD occupies $0.048mm^2$ with a power consumption of 18.2-mW from a 1.8-V power supply.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2016

I propose a vector passive harmonic mode-locked fiber laser based on topological insulator Bi2Se3 interacting with a fiber taper with a diameter of 7 μm. The particles of topological insulator are deposited uniformly onto the fiber taper with light pressure effect. By incorporating the fabricated saturable absorber into an Er-doped fiber laser cavity, stable mode-locked fiber is obtained. Due to the intense evanescent field of the fiber taper, strong confinement of light enhances the nonlinearity of the laser cavity, and passive harmonic mode-locking is performed. I observe a maximum harmonic mode-locking of 356th, corresponding to a frequency of 3.57 GHz. The pulse duration is 824 fs, and the full width at half maximum of the spectrum is about 8.2 nm. The polarization dependent loss of the saturable absorber is ~ 2.5 dB in the wavelength range of the C band. As the cavity contains no other polarization dependent device, the mode-locked laser is functioning in the vector state. The harmonic order vs pump power is investigated. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the highest frequency mode-locked fiber laser based on Bi2Se3. Experimental results indicate that the topological insulator Bi2Se3 functioning with a thin fiber taper is effective for vector harmonic mode-locking.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.653-662
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 부고조파를 이용한 주입 동기 발진기를 설계, 제작하였다. 발진기는 Two Signal Method ( (TSM)의 방법을 사용하여 직렬 궤환회로로 설계하였다. 발진기의 발진주파수 9.4 GHz에서 출력전력 6dBm으 로 free-running하고 었고, 입력선호가 들어가연 주파수가 체배되어 locking되었다. 이때 원하는 출력 파형의 크 기는 다른 부고조파 신호에 비해 최소 40dB 이상이며, 2차 부고조파를 이용한 경우 locking range는 최대 220 MHz 정도이고,4차 부고조파를 이용한 경우 10 MHz이었다 이때의 위상잡음은 각각 100 KHz offset에서 -111dBe/Hz, - 104 dBelHz 정도의 특성을 나타내었다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.484-493
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• 2004

본 논문은 초고주파 주파수 차이 검출기를 이용한 광파의 off-set 로킹에 대하여 설계 및 제작 실험 결과를 기술하였다. 두 광파를 비팅하여 중간 주파수인 1.5GHz 주파수 성분을 추출하고 이 값을 다시 1.5GHz 기준 발진기 주파수와 곱하여 차이주파수 성분을 추출한 후 주파수 차이 검출기를 이용하여 주파수 로킹을 시켰다. 상용화된 초고주파 부품을 사용하여 주파수 차이 검출기를 제작하였으며 1.55$\mu\textrm{m}$ 파장의 반도체 레이저의 발생 광파를 입력 광파와 1.5GHz의 주파수 off-set을 유지하면서 로킹이 이루어짐을 확인하였으며 로킹 범위는 320MHz이었다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

The locking performance of a multi-plate clutch with a mechanical lock-up system is governed by the engagement algorithm. In this paper, a control algorithm to improve the locking performance of the clutch was studied. A 1D dynamic model was constructed and simulated according to the developed algorithm. The developed algorithm was composed of a method in which the locking device is engaged while generating artificial slip on the friction plate by controlling the piston pressure of the clutch. Furthermore, a case study of the parameters within the developed algorithm was conducted to explore combinations that maximize locking performance and analyze trends according to these parameters.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.4477-4490
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• 2023

Fuel locking mechanisms (FLMs) are essential in upward-flow research reactors to prevent accidental fuel separation from the core during reactor operation. This study presents a novel design concept for a remotely controlled plate-type nuclear fuel locking mechanism. By employing electromagnetic field analysis, we optimized the design of the electromagnet for fuel unlocking, allowing the FLM to adapt to various research reactor core designs, minimizing installation space, and reducing maintenance efforts. Computational flow analysis quantified the drag acting on the fuel assembly caused by coolant upflow. Subsequently, we performed finite element analysis and evaluated the structural integrity of the FLM based on the ASME boiler and pressure vessel (B&PV) code, considering design loads such as dead weight and flow drag. Our findings confirm that the new FLM design provides sufficient margins to withstand the specified loads. We fabricated a prototype comprising the driving part, a simplified moving part, and a dummy fuel assembly. Through basic operational tests on the assembled components, we verified that the manufactured products meet the performance requirements. This remote-controlled micro locking mechanism holds promise in enhancing the safety and efficiency of plate-type nuclear fuel operation in upflow research reactors.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.191-193
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• 2005

Flash memories are one of best media to support portable computer's storages. However, we need to improve traditional data management scheme due to the relatively slow characteristics of flash operation as compared to RAM memory. In order to achieve this goal, we devise a new scheme called Flash Two Phase Locking (F2PL) scheme for efficient data processing. F2PL improves transaction performance by allowing multi version reads and efficiently handling slow flash write/erase operation in lock management process.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.275-278
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• 1999

In this paper, Dual PFD(Phase Frequency Detector) with improved phase locking time is proposed. The proposed PFD consists of positive and negative edge triggered D flip-flop. In order to confirm the characteristics of proposed PFD, HSPICE simulations are performed using a 0.25${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS process. As a result of simulations, the proposed PFD has a characteristic of fast phase locking time with dead zone free.