• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
• /
• 제55권8호
• /
• pp.341-350
• /
• 2006

This paper presents a new methodology to draw the components of locational marginal price (LMP) in electricity market. Recently, the changing environments surrounding electricity industries resulted in the unbundled services provided by electricity market players, which may require the new pricing mechanisms based on the LMP. The changed pricing mechanisms will provide the price signals of time and location to the market participants. Most of the existing studies of LMP are based on the Lagrangian multipliers as shadow prices to evaluate the equivalent values of constraints or factors for security, reliability and quality. However, the shadow prices cannot provide enough information for components of LMP. In this paper, therefore, we proposed a new approach that LMP is divided into three components. To do this, we first present the method for shadow prices calculation and then break down LMP into a variety of parts corresponding to the concerned factors. The proposed approach is applied to 5-bus and modified IEEE 14-bus sample system in order to verify its validity.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2008

This paper presents a new approach of a evaluation of location marginal prices(LMPs) considering demand response resources in the competitive electricity market. The stabilization of the electric power supply and demand balance has been one of the major important activities in electric power industry. Recently, much attention is paid to the demand-side resources which are responsive to incentives or time-varying prices and existing power system planning and operation activities are incorporated with the so-called demand response resources. In this paper, we first present an analytical method for calculation of LMPs considering demand response resources and then break down the LMPs into three components. In this study, we assume that Korean power system consists of two major regions, one which is the metropolitan and the other is non-metropolitan region. In the case study, we have considered several LMPs cases with different use of locational demand response resource and we can obtain a locational signal to demand response resources. Also, the economics of demand response resources are evaluated, compared with the increase of transmission line capacity and of generation capacity.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
• /
• pp.43-45
• /
• 2006

Because Cost Based Pool(CBP) has any locational signals for electricity price, there are any locational incentives for construction of new power plant high efficient. in case of Korean electricity power market, this incentives are very important to reduce loss and congestion. This Paper represent the effect of MLF(Marginal Loss Factor) as locational price signal in short period. we investigate mathematically loss reduced effect of MLF and prove to reduce transmission loss using 3bus test system.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.1480-1491
• /
• 2015

In new deregulated electricity market, short-term price forecasting is key information for all market players. A better forecast of market-clearing price (MCP) helps market participants to strategically set up their bidding strategies for energy markets in the short-term. This paper presents a new prediction strategy to improve the need for more accurate short-term price forecasting tool at spot market using an artificial neural networks (ANNs). To build the forecasting ANN model, a three-layered feedforward neural network trained by the improved Levenberg-marquardt (LM) algorithm is used to forecast the locational marginal prices (LMPs). To accurately predict LMPs, actual power generation and load are considered as the input sets, and then the difference is used to predict price differences in the spot market. The proposed ANN model generalizes the relationship between the LMP in each area and the unconstrained MCP during the same period of time. The LMP calculation is iterated so that the capacity between the areas is maximized and the mechanism itself helps to relieve grid congestion. The addition of flow between the areas gives the LMPs a new equilibrium point, which is balanced when taking the transfer capacity into account, LMP forecasting is then possible. The proposed forecasting strategy is tested on the spot market of the Nord Pool. The validity, the efficiency, and effectiveness of the proposed approach are shown by comparing with time-series models

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권7호
• /
• pp.1157-1166
• /
• 2008

This paper presents a new approach for the evaluation of location marginal prices (LMPs) considering demand-side bidding (DSB) in a competitive electricity market. The stabilization of the electric power supply and demand balance is one of the major important activities in electric power industry. In this paper, we present an analytical method for calculation of LMPs considering DSB, which has opportunity to compete with generating units, as England & Wales Pool's DSB scheme[1]. Also, we propose a new approach that LMP considering DSB is divided into three components. The proposed approach can be used for the evaluation of demand-side bidding into the electricity market and the assessment of the influence of DSB on total production costs and LMPs as well as three components.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.256-276
• /
• 2006

경쟁적 전력시장에서, 송전혼잡은 지역적 시장지배력의 핵심 요인들 중 하나이다. 재무적 송전권을 구매한 시장 참여자는 그들이 지불한 혼잡 세를 돌려받음으로써 재무적 보호를 받을 수 있다. 하지만 많은 연구에서, 이러한 송전권이 오히려 시장지배력을 강화시킴을 보였다. 따라서 본 논문은 새로운 개념의 송전권인 Contingent Transmission Rights을 이용해 지역적 시장지배력을 완화시키는 것이 목적이다. 본 논문은 각 모선의 한계가격 (Locational Marginal Pricing LMP)을 기반으로 한 모선별 가격제도(Nodal Pricing)와 최적조류계산(Optimal Power Flow)를 이용해 사례연구를 수행하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.838-839
• /
• 2007

전력산업의 시장구조는 과점형태의 불완전 경쟁의 구조로 해석하는 것이 일반적이다. 또한 전기의 물리적 특성상 송전선로에서는 전력손실이 발생하게 되는데, 본 논문은 과점시장 모델로서 쿠르노(Cournot)모델을 사용하여 손실을 포함한 내쉬 균형점을 해석한다. 지역별 한계가격(Locational Marginal Price ; LMP)와는 달리 계통한계가격(System Marginal Price ; SMP)는 손실에 대한 가격신호를 시장에 반영하기 어렵기 때문에 손실과 함께 한계송전손실계수(Marginal Loss Factor ; MLF)를 적용하여 균형상태의 시장거래가치를 비교분석한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
• /
• pp.698-700
• /
• 2004

Electric power restructuring offers a major change to the vertically integrated utility monopoly. Deregulation has had a great impact on the electric power industry in various countries. Bidding competition is one of the main transaction approaches after deregulation. The energy trading levels between market participants is largely dependent on the short-term price forecasts. This paper presents the short-term System Marginal Price (SMP) forecasting implementation using backpropagation Neural Network in competitive electricity market. Demand and SMP that supplied from Korea Power Exchange (KPX) are used by a input data and then predict SMP. It needs to analysis the input data for accurate prediction.

• 대한지리학회지
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.949-960
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 점 객체 (Point Object)를 이용하여 수치지도상에 아파트 단지의 위치를 표현하는 다양한 방법에 따라 GIS와 헤도닉 함수를 이용한 대기질의 한계잠재가격의 추정치가 달라지는 문제점을 검토하였다. 본 연구에서 다루어진 수치지도상에 아파트 단지의 위치를 표현방법은 아파트 단지의 중심점을 이용하는 방법, 중심점에서 수평으로 우측 100미터 떨어진 점을 이용하는 방법, 중심점에서 수평으로 우측 50미터 떨어진 점을 이용하는 방법, 중심점에서 수평으로 좌측 100 미터 떨어진 점을 이용하는 방법 등이다. 4가지 방법은 개별 아파트가 아닌 아파트 단지별로 아파트의 가격과 속성이 공개되는 현재와 같은 상황에서 아파트 단지를 대표할 수 있는 점들로 가정되었다. 4개의 방법을 통해 각기 다른 지점에 표현된 수치지도상의 아파트 위치와 GIS를 이용하여 헤도닉 함수추정에 필수적인 위치변수가 측정되었다. 그리고 측정된 위치변수, 아파트의 물리적 속성을 나타내주는 변수, 아파트 위치에서의 미세먼지 (PM10) 수준을 나타내는 변수를 포함한 4개의 헤도닉 함수가 추정되었다. 또한 추정결과를 이용하여 미세먼지의 한계잠재가격이 추정되어 그 크기가 상호 비교되었다. 추정된 4개 함수간에 존재하는 차이를 중심점을 이용했을 경우의 얻어진 한계잠재가격을 기준으로 상호비교할 경우 그 크기의 차이는 3.33%에서 11.91% 정도임이 드러났다. 이는 중심점을 이용했을 경우 얻어진 데이터에 다른 함수식이나 다른 추정방법을 적용하였을 경우에 얻어지는 한계잠재가격들 간의 차이보다 크거나 유사한 것이다. 본 연구의 시사점은 GIS와 헤도닉 함수를 이용한 대기질의 한계잠재가격의 추정시 수치지도상의 아파트단지 위치표현방법이 적지 않은 영향을 미치기 때문에 다양한 위치표현 방법을 시도하여 분석결과가 민감하게 변하는 가를 주의 깊게 분석해야 한다는 점이다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes the comparison results of various optimal power flow algorithms (OPF) to calculate the locational marginal prices (LMP) of the unreduced full scale Korean transmission system. Five different types of optimal power flow models are employed: Full AC OPF, Cubic AC OPF, Quadratic AC OPF, Linear AC OPF and DC OPF. As the results, full AC OPF and cubic AC OPF model provides LMP calculation results very similar to each other while the calculation time of cubic AC OPF model is faster than that of the Full AC OPF. Other simplified OPF models, quadratic AC OPF, linear AC OPF and DC OPF offer erroneous results even though the calculation times are much faster than the Full AC OPF and the Cubic AC OPF. Given the condition that the OPF models sometimes fail to find the optimal solution due to the severe complexity of the Korean transmission power system, the Full AC OPF should be used as the primary OPF model while the Cubic AC OPF can be a promising backup OPF model for the LMP calculations and/or real-time operation.