• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

As the disclosure of privacy information has grown steadily, concerns about mobile services based on the personal information also increased. We aspired to reveal factors influencing the use of Location-Based services(LBS) App and analyse how the perceived risk affected between these factors and the use of LBS App. Results showed that usefulness and social influence influenced on the use of LBS App. We also found that the group who highly recognized the perceived risk was highly affected by usefulness and the group who lowly recognized the perceived risk was highly affected by social influence. Findings show that the company's strategy should be different depending on the level of consumers' perceived risk.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.41-56
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• 2019

Recently great loss of life and property is occurring because of fire, natural disaster, earth quake, tsunami and so on. People spend 80~90% of their time indoor environment like office, supermarket, campus. Therefore Indoor navigation and guidelines system became so essential for most of all. Incase of emergency we must be careful earlier, in such a cases 5G kind of new technology may also cannot work. So immediate action and quick routing notification for guidelines and protection is the most. Considering this issue We proposed indoor evacuating guidance system based on microcontroller Wi-Fi board for Indoor APP using mobile. Focusing various kind of technology like, ok google, voice search APP we purposed node architecture based system. When we listen fire alarm while living inside the room. Then to be safe we connect with server and start Arduino UNO+IoT ESP8266 Wi-Fi shield version1-IoT module to store data in MySQL DB server. We make application to escape out from the building up-to the three exits giving information from source point to destination. Our program can send information to the users emergency location and situations. For this when the user get sound or vibration in their mobile device it indicate fire out near by. At that time we update message from Arduino to DB server for the fixed current position inside the building which give routing signal for that fire out location by changing values from 0 to 1. We have user in point 10 where user is near by. Later we detect Wi-Fi signal form Nodemcu as room of each floor and try to connect with user. Main purpose of this paper is to save life of people in short time and find out the shortest path up to nearest exits in the time of emergencies and rescue them.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.113-122
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• 2015

Recently, according to developing advanced construction technologies, buildings has been enlarged such as high-rise buildings or complex buildings associated with underground facilities. The number of indoor activity population has increased very quickly. Because of that, technical requirements for Indoor location based service (Indoor LBS) also have been increased. Although indoor networks have to be constructed for efficient LBSs in indoor space based on OGC IndoorGML, it is not suitable for large and complex space to apply the simple network structure to constructing indoor navigation networks. The indoor navigation network has to be constructed according to logical, physical, and functional constraints for indoor space. In order to do that, subspacing methods are required to partition large and complex indoor space into proper size of subspace. In this paper, we proposed the basic requirements of subspacing in indoor space for creating efficient indoor network, as well the work process of subspacing in indoor space.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1253-1259
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• 2012

The 14-3-3 proteins are highly conserved, ubiquitous molecules involved in a variety of biologic phenomena, such as cell cycle control, and apoptosis. However, their expression in cholangiocarcinoma has not been previously characterized. In this paper, immunohistochemistry using specific anti-14-3-3 monoclonal antibodies was performed on formalin-fixed;, paraffin embedded archival tissue from 86 patients of cholangiocarcinoma. We also examined the correlation between expression and survival rate and clinicopathologic factors such as tumor location, tumor size, pathologic differentiation, lymphatic permeation, lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage. Positive 14-3-3 proteins expression was observed for 6 isoforms (${\beta}$, ${\sigma}$, ${\gamma}$, ${\theta}$, ${\delta}$, ${\eta}$) of these proteins in 86 patients of cholangiocarcinoma. ${\beta}$ and ${\sigma}$ isoform immunoreactivity was correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumor stage and patients' survival rate. In addition, ${\delta}$ isoform immunoreactivity showed trends with tumor location, tumor size, pathologic differentiation and tumor stage, while the ${\theta}$ isoform was correlated with pathologic differentiation. These results indicated that upregulated expression of some isoforms of 14-3-3 may be a common mechanism for evading apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma, so that targeting 14-3-3 may be a novel promising strategy for the treatment of this tumor.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.11-21
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• 2012

As a strategy to enhance traffic management, roundabouts come to the fore recently to decrease traffic accidents, streamline traffic flows, and expedite the realization of green transportation. As local governments introduced roundabouts, new road sign standards have to be established because the existing road sign regulations cannot be applied to roundabouts. Prior to trying to make suitable specification of sub-destination signs in roundabouts, regulations of other countries were examined and modified. The legend and location was calculated so that drivers could turn in time. Two specifications were determined by simulation experiments. As a result, drivers could read signs at right side better than at traffic island, and turn in time at 15cm legend size. Consequently, we proposed the minimum specifications and optimal locations of sub-destination signs.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 2007

Masan Bay is a representative semi-closed bay acted as a sedimentation reservoir with a slow current velocity and a poor water circulation in Korea. The pollutants from terrestrial sources into the Masan Bay have apparently environmental pollution problems, such as eutrophication, red tied, and hypoxia. In this study, An ecological modeling work was performed to estimate the material circulation including the growth of bivalve in ecosystem. Furthermore, the effect of water purification was calculated by filter feeding bivalve to particulate organic matter just like COD and phytoplankton. And Water quality management strategy by bio-purification of bivalve is derived through selection of location, quantification of bivalve aquaculture farm. The results showed that the optimum location for bivalve farming is where phytoplankton accumulation by physical processes is maximized and the optimum density and area of bivalve are 35 individuals $m^{-3}$ and ca. 500 hectare, respectively. When assuming conditions for the optimum growth of bivalve, COD could decrease by up to 18% even without other reduction of pollution loads.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.117-126
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• 2011

Recently, AR applications provide location-based spatial information by GPS. Also, the spatial information is displayed by the angle of the camera. So far, traditional spatial indexes in spatial database field retrieve and filter spatial information by the minimum bounding rectangle (MBR) algorithm.(ex. R-tree) MBR strategy is a useful technique in the geographic information systems and location based services. But MBR technique doesn't reflect the characteristics of spatial queries in AR. Spatial queries of AR applications have high possibility of the dead space area between MBRs of non-leaf node and query area. We propose triangle node filtering algorithm that improved efficiency of spatial retrieval used the triangle node filtering techniques by exclusion the dead space. In this paper, the proposed algorithm has been implemented on PostgreSQL/PostGIS. Experimental results show the spatial retrieval that using the proposed algorithm better performance than the spatial retrieval that of the minimum bounding rectangle algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.241-260
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• 2011

This paper qualitatively describes logistics behaviors of 113 companies located in Daegu-Gyeongbuk by considering various characteristics such as business location, trade volume, cargo types and the possession of company's own warehouse. A logit model is developed to investigate how predictor variables affect these companies' inclination of utilizing Third Party Logistics Provider(3PL). The estimation results of 102 effective data points show that among the four predictors the location of company's HQs (HQADD) and trade volume (TRDTEU) significantly increase company's tendency towards utilizing 3PL while the remaining two variables (BULK, WAREHS) imparting statistically insignificant influence. The results indicate that those companies located outside the region tend to implement a strategy of using more 3PL and also that the larger the trade volume of the company the more 3PL the company uses to improve the efficiency in logistics.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 1999

To effectively identify near-surface faults with vertical slips from seismic refraction data, the GRM interpretation technique is tested and investigated in terms of various parameters through computer modeling. A characteristic change in shape of the velocity-analysis function near faults is noticed, and a new strategy of `Slope Variation Indicator (SVI)' is developed and tested in this study. The SVI is defined as a first horizontal derivative of the difference of velocity analysis functions for a large XY value and a small one, respectively. As the dip of refractor decreases and as the difference in XY value increases, the peak value of SVI increases and its duration decreases. Consequently, the SVI indicates accurately the location of buried fault in the test models. The SVI is believed to be an efficient tool in seismic refraction method to investigate location and distribution of shallowly buried faults.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.106-130
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• 1999

The main objective of this paper is to perform an empirical analysis on the relationship between various marketing activities and financial performance of Korean hospitals. A survey was conducted through structured questionnaire for 495 hospitals, and data from 218 hospitals were utilized in the final anaylsis.(response rate: 44%) Survey items include general characteristics of the hospitals(size, type, location), degree of competition, financial performance. marketing organization! budget, and level of various marketing activities in service development, access improvement, promotion, and pricing. We examine descriptive statistics of the response scores on marketing activities to evaluate the current status of marketing management of Korean hospitals, compare the results across hospital size, type and location, and perform regression analysis to investigate the relaionship between marketing and financial performance. Major findings are as follows: 1) About 46% of the responding hospitals have marketing departments although they are named as 'planning' or 'PR' departments, and the marketing budget on average represents 1.74% of the total expenditures. 2) Average level of marketing activities is calculated to be about 3.32 on 5-point scale, meaning that Korean hospitals implement their marketing programs 'somewhat actively'; however, the scores on the areas of marketing plannning and strategy are relatively low. 3) Large hospitals tend to be more active in marketing than small hospitals, and public hospitals' activities in marketing are not lower compared to private hospitals. 4) Level of overall marketing activities is positively related with financial performance measured by various finacial indicators except for profitability, implying that marketing is successful in revenue generation but needs to be more cost-effective. Also, when the marketing variables are separately included in the regression, no significant relationship is found, which means that various marketing activities are more effective when they are collectively implemented.