• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2013

Background Primary malignant tumors of the hand, although unusual, may present varied and often complex clinical problems. The main treatment modality of skin cancer of the hand has changed. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 43 patients who underwent surgery for malignant skin tumors of the hand during an 18-year period, from September 1994 to February 2012. The characteristics of the tumor, methods of reconstruction, and long-term results were reviewed. Results We had 43 patients with 27 melanomas, 14 squamous cell carcinomas, and 2 sarcomas. Their ages ranged from 19 to 74 years (mean, $53.4{\pm}14.5$ years), from 46 to 79 years (mean, $59.7{\pm}9.6$ years), and from 15 to 43 years (mean, $29{\pm}19.8$ years), respectively. Thirty-four cases occurred on the fingertip (16 of those cases on the thumb), 5 cases occurred on the palm, and 4 cases on the dorsum of the hand. Amputation was most frequently used in early cases, but recently, tissue-sparing excision has been performed frequently. The incidence of local recurrence was 3 cases and distant metastasis was 1 case, and the 5-year survival rate was 100%, except in 4 cases due to follow-up loss. Conclusions The principles of treatment-to be curative and to preserve function and appearance-are important points. "Preservative surgery" preserves function and cosmesis of the involved finger or hand dorsum or palm. Preservative surgery not only emphasizes less resection and surgery of a smaller scale, but also optimal reconstruction of the soft tissue defect of the digit.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.393-399
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• 2008

Purpose: Chronic infected wounds sustained over 4 weeks with exposed tendon or bone are difficult challenges to plastic surgeons. Vacuum assisted closure (VAC) device has been well used for the management of chronic wounds diminishing wound edema, reducing bacterial colonization, promoting formation of granulation tissue and local blood flow by negative pressure to wounds. But Commercial ready-made VAC device might have some difficulties to use because of its high expenses and heavy weight. So we modified traditional VAC device with silver dressing materials as topical therapeutic agents for control of superimposed bacterial wound infection such as MRSA, MRSE and peudomonas. Methods: We designed the modified VAC device using wall suction, 400 cc Hemovac and combined slow release silver dressing materials. We compared 5 consecutive patients' data treated by commercial ready-made VAC device(Group A) with 11 consecutive patients' data treated by modified VAC device combined with silver dressing materials(group B) from September 2004 to June 2007. Granulation tissue growth, wound discharge, wound culture and wound dressing expenses were compared between the two groups. Results: In comparison of results, no statistical differences were identified in reducing rate of wound size between group A and B. Wound discharge was significantly decreased in both groups. Modified VAC device with silver dressing materials showed advantages of convenience, cost effectiveness and bacterial reversion. Conclusion: In combination of modified VAC device and silver dressing materials, our results demonstrated the usefulness of managing chronic open wounds superimposed bacterial infection, cost effectiveness compared with traditional VAC device and improvement of patient mobility.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of bovine luteum expressed sequence tags (ESTs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and the presence of functional ESTs in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) during different stages of the estrus cycle. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed a difference in the expression of ESTs during the CL stage. Concentration of ESTs in the CL tissue increased significantly from the mid-luteal stage and decreased thereafter. RT-PCR analysis showed higher levels of the EST genes in the CL of the mid-luteal stage than in other stages, and the same level of expression of VEGF. Immunohistochemistry analysis of the tissue from CL formation to regression showed low cytosol and aggregation of the nucleus. And activity caspase 3 (apoptosis detector) was most strongly detected in the CL1 stage of bovine. During the estrous cycle, the cytosol was magnified and differentiation of the nucleus was clearly manifested. The ESTs affected the CL, and the relationship between VEGF and TNFR1 played a pivotal role for CL development and activation, dependent on the stage of CL. These results suggest local production of ESTs, the presence of functional ESTs in the bovine CL, and that ESTs play a role in regulating the function of cell death in bovine CL.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2013

Purpose: Soft tissue defect of the hand, which cannot be covered with skin graft or local flap, is usually reconstructed using a free flap. Temporoparietal fascial free flap is one of the best alternatives for functional reconstruction of the hand with exposed tendons, bones, and joints. Materials and Methods: We have experienced four cases of reconstruction using a temporoparietal fascial flap with a skin graft and followed up for 20 years. We conducted a retrospective review of the patients' clinical charts and photos. Results: At the time of initial injury, the average age of patients was 50.3 (39~62) years. The radial artery was used for reconstruction of the dorsal side of the hand, whereas the ulnar artery was used for that of the volar side of the wrist. Short term complication such as skin graft loss and donor site alopecia occurred. However, during the long term follow-up period, no change of flap volume was noted, and full range of motion in the adjacent joint was maintained. In addition, hyperpigmentation of the grafted skin on the flap disappeared gradually. Conclusion: Selection of the optimal flap is important for reconstruction of the hand without functional limitation. We obtained satisfactory soft tissue coverage and functional outcomes using a temporoparietal fascial free flap and followed up for 20 years.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.94-102
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• 1990

In Xenopus laevis the cranial myotomes, W, X, Y and Z represent transient embry-specific structures since they undergo reduction" in the later stage of development. An extensive set of expertmental studies was undertaken in order to discriminate whether the cranial myotomes perform a programmed autonomous death or reduction" by the influence from surrounding tissue such as otic vesicle. Removal of the neighboring otic vesicle did not affect WXYZ degeneration. Grafting the otic vesicle to novel site along the somite file did not induce local myotome degenration. When anterior-most somitic primordia were relocated to the trunk somite region, they underwent reduction eventually. Likewise, with the transplantation of posterior somite forming region into the anterior, autonomous differentiation pafferns were observed. And the cullture of presumptive somitic tissue revealed that WXYZ might degnerate like in vivo. It is therefore concluded that the cranial myotomes of Xenopus laevis exhibit an autonomous cell death during later embryogenesis.yogenesis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.299-315
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• 2001

Application of membranes for guided tissue regeneration(GTR) have been confined to the subgingival barrier functions; however, many studies have provided evidence that some drugs, including tetracycline, initially can promote the growth of periodontal ligament or alveolar bone in peridontal therapy. Osseous regeneration in periodontal defects is increased by local administration of tetracycline due to its anti-collagenolytic effect, which enhances bone-forming ability via osteoblast cell chemotaxis and reduced bone resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of tetracycline loaded poly-L-lactide(PLLA) barrier membranes for guided bone regenerative potential. Tetracycline was incorporated into the PLLA membrane with the ratio 10% to PLLA by weight. Ability to guided bone regeneration of the membranes were tested by measuring new bone in the tibial defects($7{\times}10{\times}5\;mm^3$) of the beagle dog for 4,5, and 6 weeks. In control, drug-unloaded PLLA membranes were used in same size of defect. In histologic finding of the defect area, a few inflammatory cells were observed in both groups. These membrane were not perforated by connective tissue and maintained their mechanical integrity for the barrier function for 4-6 weeks. New bone formation was greater in defects covered by tetracycline-loaded membrane than in defects covered by drug- unloaded membranes. In bone regeneration guiding potential test, tetracycline-loaded membrane was more effective than drug- unloaded membranes(p<0.05). These results suggest that tetracycline-loaded PLLA membranes potentially enhance guided bone regenerative efficacy and might be a useful barrier for GTR in periodontal treatment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.769-774
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• 2010

Purpose: As the soft tissue defect around the knee is difficult to reconstruct, local flap or free flap is used. Distally based anterolateral thigh pedicled flap introduced by Zhang uses sufficient reverse flow supplied from the vascular network around the knee. We report successful reconstruction of defect around knee by this method. Methods: Four patients with skin & soft tissue defect around knee have been treated for reconstruction using the distally based anterolateral thigh pedicled flap. First, the doppler was used to check the perforator flap of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and to draw and dissect the perforator flap as much as needed. After the dissection, the proximal of the descending branch was clamped and checked for sufficient supply of blood flow from the reverse flow and then ligated. It was dissected along the descending branch and in order to prevent damage to the joined parts of the descending branch and the lateral superior geniculate artery, a more careful ligation was done starting from 10 cm superior to the knee. The defect was reconstructed after securing enough vascular pedicle to cover all the damaged parts. Results: Not all patients suffered from flap necrosis. In case of the patient with chronic osteomyelitis, slight venous congestion was observed right after the surgery but it disappeared the following day. All three patients had no occurences of additional complications. Conclusion: Distally based anterolateral thigh pedicled flap was enough to provide large flap for knee reconstruction. It had sufficient blood flow and vascular pedicle. It also had taken short operation time compared to the free flap operation. The distally based anterolateral thigh pedicled flap used by the authors is a very useful way of reconstructing the area around knee.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1299-1308
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• 2023

Carya cathayensis is an important economic nut tree that is endemic to eastern China. As such, outbreaks of root rot disease in C. cathayensis result in reduced yields and serious economic losses. Moreover, while soil bacterial communities play a crucial role in plant health and are associated with plant disease outbreaks, their diversity and composition in C. cathayensis are not clearly understood. In this study, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were found to be the most dominant bacterial communities (accounting for approximately 80.32% of the total) in the root tissue, rhizosphere soil, and bulk soil of healthy C. cathayensis specimens. Further analysis revealed the abundance of genera belonging to Proteobacteria, namely, Acidibacter, Bradyrhizobium, Paraburkholderia, Sphaerotilus, and Steroidobacter, was higher in the root tissues of healthy C. cathayensis specimens than in those of diseased and dead trees. In addition, the abundance of four genera belonging to Actinobacteria, namely, Actinoallomurus, Actinomadura, Actinocrinis, and Gaiella, was significantly higher in the root tissues of healthy C. cathayensis specimens than in those of diseased and dead trees. Altogether, these results suggest that disruption in the balance of these bacterial communities may be associated with the development of root rot in C. cathayensis, and further, our study provides theoretical guidance for the isolation and control of pathogens and diseases related to this important tree species.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2024

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma, with an incidence of about 0.8% to 5% per million people per year, accounting for 1% of soft tissue sarcomas. In its early stage, DFSP is typically found as a violet or pinkish macule or patch, and it can develop into a palpable mass with ulceration or bleeding. The standard treatment for DFSP is wide local excision of the tumor with a 2- to 3-cm negative margin, and radiation therapy or chemotherapy can be conducted with surgical treatment. A 35-year-old man had a palpable mass on the left side of his occipital scalp without color change, ulceration, or bleeding, which typically are present in malignancy. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed a 3-cm homogenous enhanced mass without adhesion between the scalp and the mass. Unexpectedly, a biopsy revealed the round mass to be DFSP. A wide excision and rotation of the scalp flap were performed. The patient recovered without any complications and received adjuvant radiotherapy at a dose of 60 Gray (Gy) for six weeks. There was no recurrence through six months of follow-up. Here we report this unique case of DFSP with atypical presentation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.275-279
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• 2023

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare benign soft tissue tumors that can occur throughout the body, particularly the head and neck; only 5%-8% of GCTs occur in the breast. We report a case of a GCT of the axillary accessory breast, which is a rare location of this tumor. A 50-year-old woman had a 2-month history of a palpable mass in the left axilla. Physical examination, as well as mammographic and ultrasonographic findings suggested a breast malignancy. Histopathological examination showed a benign GCT, and wide local excision was performed. The patient has remained disease-free over 2 years postoperatively. Although most GCTs are benign, wide complete resection of the tumor and follow-up are required considering the possibility of recurrence. The radiologist should know the characteristics of GCTs as a differential diagnosis of breast and axillary lesions to prevent unnecessary treatment.