• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.155-169
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• 2015

As an essential means to the exploitation of new demands, the export of agri-food has the price-supporting effect on the domestic agri-food and its expansion can be a good way to increase farms' income. Of course, to enhance farms' income under the liberalization of the market, it is necessary to have countermeasures considering various factors. To this end, the study understood the experiences of farms doing exports and looked into ways to improve them by reviewing their motivations to export, difficulties, requirements, etc. In this context, the study conducted the purposive sampling among tomato export farmhouses in Jeongseon-gun in the export enforcement phase and executed the theme analysis. The research findings and suggestions are as follows. First, in order to enhance the level of commercialization of Jeongseon-gun tomatoes and reinforce the trade bargaining power, it is necessary to form the consensus on policy and make the scaling of the site based on the strong organization power. To this end, it requires the active role of agricultural cooperatives that take a big portion of distribution in the site and distribute its profits directly to farmhouses. Second, it is necessary to set clear target markets for Jeongseon-gun tomato export farms and set sales strategies for each target market. That is, in order to expand the export of Jeongseon-gun tomatoes, after clarifying local sales and export sales, export farmhouses should focus on quality management and secure the quantity for export. Third, to expand the export to Japan which already has the foundation for the export of Korean tomatoes, and to new export countries of China, Russia, etc., it is necessary to set the 'Two-Track Strategies for Export Market (particular item for focus and particular area for focus)' through the building of network of tomato export areas in Gangwon-do. In conclusion, to expand the export of Jeongseon-gun tomatoes, agricultural cooperatives and leaders together should build the strong organizational power with farmhouses and secure the quantities for export. And, according to the 'Two-Track Strategies for Export Market (particular item for focus and particular area for focus)', export infrastructure and export operational system should be built and to do so, the solidarity of tomato export farmhouses in Gangwon area should precede.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.49-74
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• 2010

Cities are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions but also suitable places for implementing proactive climate mitigation and adaptation strategies. Based on the interdisciplinary review of literature, we categorize the current discussion about urban climate mitigation and adaptation planning, policy and practices into four perspectives - sustainability science, global change science, multilevel governance, and structural engineering. While these four schools of thought have distinct perspectives rooted in different disciplinary lenses, our synthesis of the literature identifies several universal themes that are common to all of the perspectives in the context of combating threats posed by climate change. The Portland case study illustrates that a city can make changes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase adaptive capacity to climate change impacts by implementing smart growth, devising local climate action plans that target emission reductions in various sectors, recognizing the interactions and influences of multiple scales of governance, and supporting the installation of various green infrastructures that contribute to green economy. Furthermore, a university can serve as a hub in this climate mitigation and adaptation arena by connecting various levels of community organizations in both public and private sectors, creating innovative research centers and spatially explicit green infrastructure, designing impact assessments and campus carbon inventories, and engaging students and the larger community through service learning.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.506-519
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• 2008

This article explores the potential learning materials and methods of science practice from exhibits, and how those are presented in natural history museums as a feasible science inquiry community. The idea of science inquiry community was offered as a form of science practice that ended with science learning. A grasp of 'scientific practice to learning' is understood as a way to conceive scientific methods as well as facts and understanding knowledge. To get educational implications on the scientific practice of 'earthquake' as a socioscientific topic in the communities, we analyzed 1) the relationship between earth science curriculum and exhibits related to 'earthquake', 2) the educational goals and intentions of educators, and 3) the characteristics of the exhibits in the American Museum of Natural History and in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. The results of this study showed that those museums presented the exhibits consisting of various and practical cases and events of 'earthquakes' as a socioscientific topic related to their curriculum. At the target museum, it was clearly stated that the pursuing educational goals focused on relations with local interests and socioscientific issues. For making earthquakes relevant to visitors, delivering lived experiences with raw data and interactive media was emphasized in exhibit characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2013

This paper presents a landscape design proposal for the Kyeongsang National University Hospital in Changwon, Kyeongsangnam-do. The site is located at 555 Samjeongja-dong, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, Kyeongsangnam-do, and its area is approximately $79,743.1m^2$. The goal of the design was to create a landscape that helps the patients' recovery and public well-being as well as respects the surrounding environment. In order to achieve this goal, three design subjects were considered: maximizing the healing functions of the landscape, promoting ecologically regenerative landscape, and increasing the aesthetic value of the landscape based on the local context. For the healing aspect, first, therapeutic plants were carefully selected and various healing programs were introduced to the open space area such as the sensory garden, meditative space, the medicinal herb garden, outdoor acupressure treatment facilities, remedial playground etc. In addition, as the importance of patient's privacy is emphasized in research, the space and circulation patterns were divided according to the characteristics of the users. For ecological consideration, the design proposed to preserve and extend the existing ridgeline with pine forest, and recover the natural water system and recycle the water for the landscape management. For the aesthetic experience of the people, in contrast to the surrounding evergreen forest, diverse deciduous and flowering plants were introduced to arouse a sense of the season, and fruit bearing trees for wildlife to create a specific mood of being in nature so that people can listen to the songs of the birds and watch squirrels play etc. In addition, all the spaces and facilities were designed and placed according to universal design principles so that there would be no barrier for the patients to use them. Also, a sustainable management scheme was suggested to maintain the landscape in ecological and economical ways.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.83-91
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• 2013

As ICTs are more advanced, in the current Smart Society that can be characterized by the terms of real-time, mobility and customization, the area of Geospatial Information is required to react to the needs of the society in more practical ways. Because Geospatial Information is getting more accepted as one of the very basic social infrastructure for everyday life activities in all sectors of life. In accordance, the legal basis of convergence Geospatial Information services are described on Geospatial Information Industry Support Law(Article 2, Item 7 & Article 4 Item 5). But it is required to come up with more detailed and practical definition of convergence GIS with more detailed supporting policies. In this context, this study aims at investigating what the needs of Geospatial Information services are in the Smart Society, and suggesting the policy directions and realization strategies of convergence GIS based on spatial hierarchy from global to local.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1983

The results of COLE(Coefficient of Linear Extensibility) measurement on various paddy soils in Korea are summarized as follows; 1. The COLE values of paddy soil in Korea varied from 0.024 to 0.094 in the surface soil while in the sub-surface soils those were ranging from 0.022 to 0.115. The poorer the relative drainage and the finer the texture caused, the greater the COLE values. 2. The matured clayey soils on fluvio-marine plains and local alluvium derived from the Tertiary materials have COLE values more than 0.09 which is demonstrated that the necessity of COLE measurement throughout profiles so that could be considered the characteristic in the characteristic of those soils. 3. The clay content has the highest positive correlation (r=0.81~0.76) values. The content of organic matter, water content at 1/3 bar, Atterberg limits, water stable aggregate etc. also have significant positive correlation with COLE values while the context of sand and silt show negative correlation. 4. Although the COLE values measured on horizontal linear bases were slightly greater than those measured on volume bases practicability was for granted. For more accurate measurement of COLE, it is reasonable to have the average values of COLE calculated from the horizontal and vertical bases.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.16
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• pp.207-254
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• 2001

This study is focused on forecasting the future of tole-democracy. Many Scholars expect that internet provides technological space needing realizing the tole-democracy or deliberate democracy. Especially in Korea, this expectation is higher than other nations because of political corruption and inefficiency. Therefore internet is intended to considering as new technologies reforming political process. In 16th the general election period, many candidates established home page and used as election campaign tool. And a little of home pages is payed attention to among voters. In spite of using internet as political medium, many political communication researchers have a doubt that internet will realize ideal direct democracy. It's reason is that internet is open and anonymous space. At anonymous space, communication participators is tended to be irresponsible and non-serious. Therefore it is hard that cyber-politics will be ideal type of democracy. In this context, this paper analyzed how pauicipators communicate with others at cyber bulletin board establishing candidate's home pages. Main research questions is how do discussions at cyberspace fulfill the conditions of deliberate democracy. Therefore, concrete questions include; who are participators at candidate's cyber bulletin board; which pattern do they communicate; what is the theme of communication; which effects do the anonymous character of cyberspace influence. To that purpose, this study conducted content analysis on 4,210 written matters at 82 cyber bulletin boards of candidate's home page establishing during 16th the general election period. It can be found that cyberspace in Korea still is not deliberate democracy space and not will be. Firstly, discussion patterns at cyber bulletin board is "candidate with supporters communication space. To be exact, it is said that candidate's home page is "the space of self-convincing among supporters." Secondly, the main themes of discussion are simple emotional expressions; "I support you!" "fighting" "Be vigor" etc. By contrast, real political contents'-central or local political matters - is relatively few. In the mode of expression, real political messages are more positive, logical than simple expressions, candidates private matters. Especially this characteristic will make cyberspace as "mutual slander space" consolidating anonymous characteristic of cyberspace. finally, Cyberspace in Korea still is not real "public sphere" realizing deliberate process. Therefore to be real public sphere, it is needed to participant's ethical maturity and political citizenship. In conclusion, it is difficult that cyberspace will reconstruct the Athene's Agora. On the contrary, Cyberagora will like to be irrespectable area fulfilling the sweeping. Making the deliberate space, technological possibility and ethical condition will have to be balanced together.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3-25
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• 2011

Recently, a number of local governments as well as private organizations have spearheaded the release of animals into the natural ecosystem in Korea. In 2002, most of these animals released were mammals and birds, but the parameter was gradually expanded to include fish, amphibians, and invertebrates in addition to mammals and birds in 2007, with an increased overall number of animals released. Such increase has not only posed ecological, economic, and public health risks, but also yielded an increase in damages incurred by releasing animals historically or ecologically alien to a given region without thorough risk assessment. The most significant cause of such risks was a critical lack of risk management and regulatory schemes addressing the release of animals into the natural ecosystem. In stark contrast, developed countries long before established the requisite risk management and regulatory schemes either by complying with the IUCN/SSC's Guidelines for Re-Introductions or devising them independently. In this context, the current study has examined the release of animals into the natural ecosystem in Korea and, based on the investigation, asserted a strong need for proper risk management. Moreover, the study has presented systematic risk management and regulatory schemes suitable for the Korean milieu based on a comparative analysis of those employed in developed countries.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.131-143
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• 2000

The unit of a buoyant force included in the 7th national science curriculum for 6th grade students. On the contrary, it seldom that students' conception about buoyant phenomena is studied, even though there has been many studies of students' conceptions of basic science contents. The purpose of this study was to survey the elementary school students' conceptions of a buoyant force, to analyze their cognitive levels, and to explore the relationships between them. Sixth grade students (total numbers is 192) were selected .from 5 .lasses in two elementary schools in a local city of Kyungsangdo. They were asked to respond two kinds of test, which are the Logical Thinking Ability (GALT) to investigate students' cognitive levels and the Buoyant Force Questionnaire (BFQ). We developed BFQ test, based on the 7th national science curriculum for 6th grade and the previous researches of a buoyant force. We, qualitatively, analysed students' frequency of responses about a buoyant force and their types of explanation, and, quantitatively, analysed the relationships between cognitive levels and conceptions of a buoyant force with SPSS/ PC 7.0 programmes. The results of cognitive level showed that half of 6th grade students were in the concrete operational stage, 43.2% in the transitional stage, 6.8% in the formal stage. However, their sub-logical thinking abilities in a combinational, conservational, controlling variables, proportional, probability and correlational logic were very fluctuated from 91% to 8%. The results that only 4.8% of elementary students had correct conceptions of a buoyant force suggest that 6th grade students had great difficulties in understanding of that concept. Their difficulties would originated from the frequent common-sense explanations of a buoyant phenomena in terms of the weight or the unique properties or the contact area of an object or with/without air. Furthermore students' explanations, frequently, changed with context of problems of a buoyant force. Scheffe test of quantitative results that elementary students in the concrete level had 50.6% of concept formation in a buoyant force, the transitional level 54.5%, and in the formal operational level 62.8% showed significant differences of conceptions of a buoyant force with cognitive levels. Therefore the concrete operational elementary students had more difficulties of understanding of a buoyant force than the transitional and formal level, which is required to higher cognitive levels. This conclusion have implications that the unit of a buoyant force have to be presented with concrete activities for majority of students who are in concrete and transitional levels.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.281-296
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• 1994

It is generally accepted that there is always a potential for crisis in the capitalist society because of the internal contradiction of capitalism. The contradiction is explicitly and implicitly expressed in space. The fundamental contradiction in capitalism, however, is controlled and mediated by the state (i.e., the capitalist state). We thus could argue that the state plays an important role in the capitalist society and in the capitalist spatial formation. It is necessary to note how and why spatial structure has developed unevenly in capitalist societies, particularly in the U.S., The general concept of uneven geographical development is understood in the context of the capitalist economic system and the role of the state. But the problem is that the capitalist state itself has a contradiction between the productive function (i.e., accumulation function) and the reproductive function (i.e., legitimation function). The compromise of the two functions is always the dilemma of the state and the state becomes the object of class struggle (e.g., political class struggle) . The research questions are as follows. First, what is the role of the state in the economic structure and what is the internal problem of the state\ulcorner Second, what is the role of the state in space economy (or in spatial structure)\ulcorner And last, what is the relation between the federal state and the local state in the U.S. and how does the relation form the urban policies and thus the urban and regional development\ulcorner The paper will be looking at how the political economy in the U.S. explains unevenly developed geographical phenomenon.