• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2022

In this study, the seismic behavior of an all-steel buckling-restrained (AB) steel plate shear wall (SPSW) with incline slits under fire and cyclic loading was investigated. ABSPSW was composed of two thin steel infill plates with a narrow distance from each other, which were embedded with incline slits on each plate. These slits were in opposite directions to each other. The finite element (FE) numerical model was validated with three test specimens and after ensuring the modeling strategy, the parametric study was performed by considering variables such as wall plate thickness, slit width, strip width between two slits, and degree of temperature. A total of 256 FE numerical models were subjected to coupled temperature-displacement analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the high temperature reduced the seismic performance of the ABSPSW so that at 917℃, the load-bearing capacity was reduced by 92%. In addition, with the increase in the temperature, the yield point of the infill plate and frame occurred in a small displacement. The average decrease in shear strength at 458℃, 642℃, and 917℃ was 18%, 46%, and 92%, respectively, compared to the shear strength at 20℃. Also, with increasing the temperature to 917℃, ductility increased by an average of 75%

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2015

최근 지반공학 분야에서는 깊은기초와 얕은기초에 관한 한계상태설계법에 관한 연구가 선행되고 있으며, 옹벽구조물에 관한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구는 철도 옹벽의 한계상태설계법을 도입하기 위한 기초 연구로써 옹벽 표준도의 파괴모드별 신뢰도지수가 목표신뢰도지수를 만족하는지를 평가하였으며, 옹벽 표준도에 대한 하중저항계수 설계를 수행함으로써 한계상태설계법의 적용성을 분석하였다. 철도 옹벽 표준도의 일부는 활동 및 지지력파괴에 대한 신뢰도지수가 목표신뢰도지수에 미달하며, 하중저항계수설계법에 의한 한계상태를 만족하지 못하여 한계상태설계 도입 시 철도 옹벽 표준도의 수정이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권1호
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• pp.43-60
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• 2019

This paper presents a finite element model which can simulate the axial compression behavior of steel reinforced recycled concrete (SRRC) filled square steel tube columns using the ABAQUS software. The analytical model was established by selecting the reasonable nonlinear analysis theory and the constitutive relationship of material in the columns. The nonlinear analysis of failure modes, deformation characteristics, stress nephogram, and load-strain curves of columns under axial loads was performed in detail. Meanwhile, the influences of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement percentage, profile steel ratio, width thickness ratio of square steel tube, RAC strength and slenderness ratio on the axial compression behavior of columns were also analyzed carefully. It shows that the results of finite element analysis are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the validity of the analytical model. The axial bearing capacity of columns decreased with the increase of RCA replacement percentage. While the increase of wall thickness of square steel tube, profile steel ratio and RAC strength were all beneficial to improve the bearing capacity of columns. Additionally, the parameter analysis of finite element analysis on the columns was also carried out by using the above numerical model. In general, the SRRC filled square steel tube columns have high bearing capacity and good deformation ability. On the basis of the above analysis, a modified formula based on the American ANSI/AISC 360-10 was proposed to calculate the nominal axial bearing capacity of the columns under axial loads. The research conclusions can provide some references for the engineering application of this kind of columns.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.617-628
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• 2018

Steel shear wall possesses priority over many of the current lateral load-bearing systems due to reasons like higher elastic stiffness, desirable ductility and energy absorption, convenience in construction and implementation technology, and economic criteria. Besides these advantages, this system causes increase in the dimensions of other structural elements due to its high stiffness as one of its intrinsic characteristics. One of the methods for stiffness reduction is perforating the wall panel and creating openings in the wall that can also be used as windows or ducts in buildings service period. The aim of the present study is probing the appropriate geometric shape and location of opening to fulfil economic criterion plus technical and seismic design criteria. In the present research, a number of possible while reasonable opening shapes and locations are defined in various sizes for some steel shear wall specimens. The specimens are modelled in ABAQUS finite elements software and analyzed using nonlinear pushover analysis. Finally, the analyses' results are reported as force-displacement diagrams and the strength, the initial stiffness and the energy absorption are calculated for all specimens and compared together. The obtained results show that both shape and location of the openings affect the seismic parameters of the shear wall. The specimens in which the openings are further from the center and closer to the columns possess higher stiffness and strength while the specimens in which the openings are closer to the center show more considerable changes in their seismic parameters in response to increase in opening area.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2022

중공블록 기초공법은 육각형의 벌집구조로 제작된 콘크리트 중공블록을 혼합쇄석과 함께 치환 설치하여 연약지반을 보강하고 인위적인 층상지반을 형성하여 얕은 기초의 지지력 증가와 침하량을 감소시키는 지반보강 기초공법이다. 벌집구조의 중공블록은 기하학적으로 경제적인 구조임과 동시에 힘을 균형 있게 배분하는 안정적인 구조로 기초와 쇄석치환 보강층 사이에서 보강재로써 보강효과를 유발하는 것을 단편적으로 확인하였으나, 거동특성 규명은 아직 미비한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 실내모형실험을 통해 보강재로써 중공블록의 보강효과를 파악하기 위해 실내 평판재하시험을 수행하였다. 하중-침하 곡선에서 비채움 조건(A-1-N)에서는 관입전단파괴가 발생한 반면에 채움 조건(A-1-F)은 항복이 나타나지 않은 선형 곡선을 나타내며, 원지반 대비 3배의 보강효과를 확인하였다. 중공블록의 구속효과 모식도를 바탕으로 중공블록 콘크리트부의 접지응력과 중공부 구속효과에 의한 수직응력 그리고 수평응력이 작용한 내벽의 내주면마찰력에 대한 관계식을 제안하였다. 관계식 계산결과 중공블록의 콘크리트부의 접지력은 재하하중의 약 65%이고, 중공부 단면에 작용하는 구속 수직력은 약 16.5%이고, 내주면마찰력은 약 18.5%로 분담하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 중공블록이 보강재로써 상재하중이 작용할 때, 중공블록의 중공부 하단에서는 구속효과로 수직응력이 발생하고, 수평방향이 구속상태인 내부 모래에서 수평응력이 내벽에 작용하여 내주면마찰력이 발생하여 중공블록 콘크리트의 관입을 억제하고 선단 응력이 감소하는 거동특성을 규명하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 내력벽 시스템에 대하여 연결보의 단부에 적용이 가능한 박판형 금속감쇠기의 성능을 실험을 통하여 규명하고자 하였다. 박판형 금속감쇠기의 박판 두께와 길이를 변수로 하여 5개 시험체를 제작하였으며, 층간변위비 5%까지 반복하여 횡력을 가력하였다. 실험결과, 금속 박판에 좌굴발생 후 소성변형이 발생하면서 에너지 발산이 이루어졌으며, 기존의 일반 콘크리트 시험체보다 에너지 발산량이 크게 나타났다. 박판의 길이가 짧을수록 전단내력의 값은 증가하였으나 발산에너지의 양의 증가는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 실험 내력을 탄성좌굴해석과 비교한 결과, 해석에 의한 내력은 내력곡선 선형영역의 최대값을 적절히 예측함을 알 수 있었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.689-713
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• 2014

The seismic vulnerability of stone masonry buildings is studied on the basis of their fragility curves. In order to account for out-of-plane failure modes, normally disregarded in past studies, linear static Finite Element analysis in 3D of prototype regular buildings is performed using a nonlinear biaxial failure criterion for masonry. More than 1100 analyses are carried out, so as to cover the practical range of the most important parameters, namely the number of storeys, percentage of side length in exterior walls taken up by openings, wall thickness, plan dimensions and number of interior walls, type of floor and pier height-to-length ratio. Results are presented in the form of damage and fragility curves. The fragility curves correspond well to the damage observed in masonry buildings after strong earthquakes and are in good agreement with other fragility curves in the literature. They confirm what is already known, namely that buildings with stiff floors or higher percentage of load-bearing walls are less vulnerable, and that large openings, taller storeys, larger number of storeys, higher wall slenderness and higher ratio of clear height to horizontal length of walls increase the vulnerability, but show also by how much.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.357-373
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• 2022

The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module project is the first commercial Generation-IV NPP(Nuclear Power Plant) in China. A new joint is used for the vertical support of RPV(Reactor Pressure Vessel). The steel corbel is integrally embedded into the reactor-cabin wall through eight asymmetrically arranged pre-stressed high-strength bolts, achieving the different path transmission of shear force and moment. The vertical monotonic loading test of two specimens is conducted. The results show that the failure mode of the joint is bolt fracture. There is no prominent yield stage in the whole loading process. The stress of bolts is linearly distributed along the height of corbel at initial loading. As the load increases, the height of neutral axis of bolts gradually decreases. The upper and lower edges of the wall opening contact the corbel plate to restrict the rotation of the corbel. During the loading, the pre-stress of some bolts decreases. The increase of the pre-stress strength ratio of bolts has no noticeable effect on the structure stiffness, but it reduces the ultimate bearing capacity of the joint. A simplified calculation model for the elastic stage of the joint is established, and the estimation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.587-592
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• 2000

As the residential spaces become high-rised and high-density, Multi-story buildings were constructed with transfer girders, Deep beams, wall foundations, floor diaphragms an shear walls which may have column offsets. Especially, In the analysis and design of Multi-story buildings, the lateral loads must be taken into account. But, there have been no appropriate theory and national design code for predicting ultimate shear strength of reinforced concrete Deep beams with web opening. Only empirical and semi-empirical formulas for predicting their ultimate load bearing capacities due to the complexities of the structural non-linearity and material heterogeneity. So this study analyze tow-dimensional finite element model that represents exactly the behavior of real structures with SBETA which are general nonlinear finite element analysis program, and compare the results with that from the real reinforced Concrete Deep beams with web opening tests. From the comparison, and parametric study, The Study presents the elementary data of the earthquake resistance for the reinforced concrete Deep beams with web opening.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.66-76
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• 1999

In this study , the optimum structural components for the rural house design using the light gauge cold-formed steel frame is proposed. The proposed components were optimzed by the developed model composed with the analysis model and LGC database. The analysis model adapts FEA(finite element analysis). LGC database and calculation of element force adapt the design criteria of KISC. The structure of house is divided into header, bearing wall and foof truss. The variable of the each structure of house are defined component which designed by the case of load, aize and space. The designed weight were used for optimization procedure of the divided components.