• 건축역사연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.9-24
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• 1999

This study is on architectural characteristics of the existing ㅁ-shaped Yo-Sa with two stories in Buddhist temple. The Yo-Sa has had the function of space for not only monasticism but also living of buddhist priests and been one of the important spaces in Buddhist temple from the beginning of it. The Yo-Sa with two stories appeared mostly in the later Chosun Dynasty, so the origin of the Yo-Sa with two stories is thought that it might relate to the circumstances of temples in the later Chosun Dynasty. Having got in the period of Chosun Dynasty, Buddhism lost the power that he has enjoyed since Korea Dynasty was established and the economic power of temples as well. Because of a change for the worse, the Buddhist priests should manage with reduced income and combine many buildings with various functions into a singular to overcome their circumstances. Therefore a waekened economic power might be a primary factor which urged to change form of Yo-Sa from one-storied to two-storied. The ㅁ-shaped Yo-Sa with two stories have the Dae-Bang-Chae for worship, Seung-Bang for Buddhist's living room in the bottom floor and garnering spaces to store up the agricultural produce, miscellaneous article, etc in the top floor. The composition methods depend on the condition of the lay of land, intentional design, and so on. Therefore, the ㅁ-shped Yo-Sa with two stories shows the diversity of space composition and architectural characteristics.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of marital characteristics on the marital stability among the elderly couples. Each participant was measured using a scale for the concept of marriage, a scale for marital coherence, a marital stress scale, a coping behavior scale and a marital stability scale. Elderly people who have a living spouse and who are living In Seoul were recruited. The data from two hundred and forty participants over 60-years-old were used in the final analyses. Major findings are as follows First, demographic factors such as educational level, health, economic status, the main source of income, and employment status appeared to significantly predict the elderly folks'marital stability Second, gender seems to be a factor In elderly couples'experience of marital stability. Husbands perceived marital stability to be higher than wives did. Third, the perception of marital stress, positive coping behavior and marital coherence influence the marital stability of the elderly couples. That is, the less elderly couples perceived marital stress and the less they relied on negative coping behaviors, the higher they perceived marital stability. These results imply that a healthful coping behavior to marital stress is important in enhancing marital stability for elderly couples.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2004

This research aimed to assess nursing homes for the elderly with geriatric diseases in Japan, and to prepare the knowledge basis to develop nursing home for the elderly with geriatric diseases in Korea. For this, researcher visited 5 facilities in Tokyo from October 3 to October 9 in 2002, collected data by observations, interviews, and visual materials by taking photographs. Visual materials were analyzed according to the environmental assessment matrix consisted of supportiveness, flexibility, efficiency in perception, accessibility, safety, amenity, and social Interaction that were assorted and were given a name by these researchers in the process of this research. Among the characteristics of environmental design of the analysis cases, 992 items picked out from 722 visual materials were used in the analysis. The data were analyzed using the frequency and percentage with SPSS 11 program. The analysis results were the fellowing. The characteristics of recent nursing home design in Japan tended to focus on supportiveness, amenity, and efficiency in perception but to leave much desired in flexibility and safety. In each space, space to support outdoor activities tended to focus on efficiency in perception, space to support living activities tended to focus on amenities, space to support treatment and living tended to focus on supportiveness, space to support administration and operation tended to focus on supportiveness, and space to support movement tended to focus on amenities.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mugwort powder on two types of flour batters, i.e., medium and cake, using the Falling Number test, RVA test, alveogram, and farimogram. The mugwort powder was added at 3% and 5% on the medium and cake flour bases, respectively. The Falling Numbers of the medium and cake flour batters with mugwort powder were increased due to the alteration of the protein in the flour. Analysis of the RVA characteristics showed that the addition of mugwort powder did not have significant effects on the initial pasting temperature. Peak viscosity, holding strength, final viscosity, and set back values of the medium flour batter were not consistent, but those of the cake flour batter were decreased. The characteristics of the alveogram showed that the addition of mugwort powder increased the extensibility and the swelling index. Farinogram demonstrated that the addition of mugwort powder decreased the water absorption and improved the stability of the medium and cake flour batters.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.343-364
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• 2020

Historically, mothers have been noted as active health information seekers, reflecting their roles as health mangers and caregivers for their family members. However, previous studies have focused on health-related information behavior among mothers in native populations or mothers of children with specific diagnoses. To fill this research gap, this study focused on health information behavior among mothers of healthy infants and toddlers. Using Wilson's (1997) information-seeking model, this study aimed to uncover the relationships between mothers' demographic characteristics and their health information source use. Online surveys were completed by 851 mothers: 255 U.S.-born mothers, 296 Korean-born mothers, and 300 Korean immigrant mothers living in the United States. Results indicated that there were statistically significant relationships between mothers' nine demographic characteristics (mother's age, education level, household income, employment status, the number of children, years living in the U.S. (or Korea), fluency in speaking English, size of household, housing status) and their health information source use. Based on the results, the implications for information professionals at diverse organizations are discussed when they provide health information services to this specific population.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the levels of ego-identity and related factors in middle-aged women who lived in G city. Methods: The participants in this descriptive study were 437 middle-aged (40-60 year old) women. Data were collected from January to February, 2006. Personal interviews with a structured questionnaire (9 items of general characteristics, 30 items of subjects' characteristics related to health and 56 items of ego-identity) were conducted used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Ego-identity was significantly associated with the variables of age, educational level, monthly income, living with the parents of the subject's husband, number of children, smoking. exercise, depression, perceived health status, and satisfaction of marital status (p<0.05). In multiple linear regression analysis of the subjects' characteristics which were significantly associated with ego-identity, monthly income, living with the parents of the subject's husband, and depression were significant variables (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is necessary to study the depression of middle-aged women in Geoje city and develop programs with consideration for the significant factors which can improve their ego-identity.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.301-314
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• 2014

This study was conducted in order to measure changes in the dining out consumption behaviors of the elderly living in Korea. Data on 2,316 and 3,170 elderly aged over 50 years were extracted from the 2001 and 2011 KNHANES(Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys), respectively. The data were analyzed by gender, age, region area, marital status, educational level, household income, economic activity and subjective health status. Frequency of dining out was higher in males between 50~64 years of age, living in metropolitan area, well-educated, high-income, engaged in economic activity and healthy. As a result, these basic data can be used for analyzing the changes in dining out consumption behaviors by sociodemographic characteristics of people aged over 50 years and the elderly in Korea. In the results on the consumption rate of food service in the two groups, 'female' and '65~74 years old' showed the largest increases from 10 years, and thus should be the group that the food service industry focuses on to develop new marketing strategies suitable for the environment.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.189-194
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• 2002

This study aimed at the design trends and characteristics of flexible housing unit plan. In this paper, flexible unit plans of 256 examples that are constructed or will be constructed from 1991 to 2005 on the basis of the initial year of dwelling are analyzed. Divided into 60$m^2$, 85$m^2$, 102$m^2$, 135$m^2$, 165$m^2$ and above 180$m^2$ areas, kinds, characteristics and trend of planning of flexible housing unit plan are analyzed with the frequency and percentage method. The results of this study are as follows; 16 types of flexible kinds; room and living roon/room and room/room, room and living room. Since 2000, various types of flexible planning have came into existence (12 types of 16 types). 3bay is next to 4bay in number of flexible housing planning. There are R/L type in 3bay, R/L type and R/R types in 4bay. Flexible space organization is differentiated various types in R/L and public-private space has expanded in many ways.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.755-777
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate food needs for dining out in the context of rural healing tourism by surveying food preference characteristics. A total of 600 adults in an urban area completed an online questionnaire on food characteristics for rural healing tourism. Regarding the purpose of rural healing tourism, 61.2% of respondents answered 'relaxation' while 6.3% answered 'promotion of health'. Exactly 66.3% of respondents selected Korean foods (rice) as the preferable food type for dining out in the context of rural healing tourism. Respondents considered 'regionality' and 'ingredient' as more important among food quality characteristics, whereas 'professionality' was less important. Females perceived 'nutrition' and 'cooking' as more important than males. Among food characteristics of professionality, regionality, and traditionality, respondents most preferred 'using regional specialty food'. Preference for 'using traditional food' significantly increased with subject's age. Respondents rated 'balanced nutrition' most highly among food characteristics of health and nutrition. 'Seasonal food' was the most preferred food characteristic among cooking and ingredients. Females showed higher interest in nutrition, cooking, and ingredients and higher preferences related to food characteristics of nutrition, cooking, and ingredients than males. In conclusion, Korean foods (rice) or Korean full course menu items using local specialty foods or seasonal foods with balanced nutrition are needed for dining out in the context of rural healing tourism.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2014

This study intends to establish a system to investigate and analyze various impacting factors to Rural Housings such as the relationship of characteristics of Rural Housings located in a Rural Village to the Village and a Unit Housing, to the External and Internal Spaces inside the Unit Housing and the Village, and to Living Characteristics of the Residents and Space from an integrated point of view. The results of this study are largely summarized as following four kinds. Rural Housing Survey System can be largely classified into three stages, and they are a Preliminary Survey, Basic Survey and In-depth Survey. Along with these, the scope of the survey contents can be divided into a survey result by a unit of village, of land, of housing, and of resident's opinion survey. Secondly, the surveys by village unit are on location properties, Village Identity, Street Network, Land Use, Landscape Features and Public Facilities, and consist of Literature, Discussion and Field Survey. Thirdly, the land Unit Surveys are on a Driveway, Gate Location, Housing Placement, Outer Space Design in a Yard and Outer Space Use Characteristics, and consist of Questionnaire and Field Surveys. For the fourth, the Housing Unit Surveys are on an Internal Space Design and Placement, and consist of Questionnaire and Field Surveys. Finally, the Resident Questionnaire Survey consisted of Entire Discussion Survey and a Household one, and then the Entire Survey was on the Village's History, Village's Characteristics, Cultivation Characteristics and Community Activities while an individual one was on Main Living Characteristics, Satisfaction and Utilization Characteristics.