• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2008

This survey was conducted to investigate the infection of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). From April to October 2007, we examined a total of 173 goats in 7 dairy goat-breeding farms located in Na-ju, Hae-nam, Young-am, and Young-gwang area of Jeonnam province. The results show that 41 (23.7%) goats are positive for CAEV, confirmed by nested PCR of 173 blood samples. Regional analysis revealed that a positive proportion for CAEV was 50.0% in Young-gwang, 25.6% in Young-am, 25.0% in Hae-nam, and 10.9% in Na-ju. Clinical signs were observed in 17 (9.8%) goats, of which 6 suffered from arthritis, 7 from mastitis, and 4 from pneumonia. Among the examined 173 goats, 8(4.6%) goats are positive for CAEV accompanied with CAE symptoms. There was a tendency to be much higher(p<0.05) levels of natrium(Na), chlorine(Cl) in CAEV-positive than in CAEV-negative goats. However, other serum biochemical values were no statistically significant effect.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2005

In order to monitor the parasites, 204 fecal samples were taken from Korean indigenous goats of Iksan-branch. Then identification of the parasites was determined by the fecal examination using the floatation and microscopical examination, respectively. The detection of rates was $91.2\%$, and mixed infection rates were single $38.7\%,\;double\;28.4\%,\;triple\;15.2\%,\;Quadraple\;6.9\%\;and\;Qunituple\;20.0\%$. The isolated were identified as Eimeria spp from 169 heads, Strongyloides papillosus from 56 heads, Ostertagia spp from 24 heads, Trichostrongylus spp from 22 heads, Moniezia expensa from 18 heads, Oesophagostomum spp from 17 heads, Bonostomum spp from 12 heads, Cooperia spp from 12 heads, Heamonchus spp from 8 heads and Capillaria spp from 2 heads.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1026-1032
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• 2004

In this study, we assess the recent changes in the amount of excretion by the livestock industry, and discuss the effects of increasing the ratio of cultivated land on the reduction of surplus nitrogen from a cost-performance perspective. Nitrogen has contributed to acidification of ecosystems and nitrate concentrations in groundwater, especially in Europe. Therefore, we assessed the level of nitrogen waste from the domestic Japanese livestock industry, including cattle, swine and poultry during the period 1987-2001. This assessment assumed that 40% of the nitrogen from the domestic livestock industry was emitted as gas into the air and that 60% of the nitrogen was contained in manure used on domestic cultivated land. Nitrogen excreted from livestock, excluding gas emission, decreased by 11% from 0.504 million tons to 0.447 million tons during 1993-2001. Thus, the peak period of nitrogen excretion from livestock is already past in Japan. However, the area of cultivated land under management also decreased during 1990-2000. In addition, the area of paddy and upland fields left unplanted for a year increased during 1990-2000. Therefore, if all manure from the domestic livestock industry had been utilized on the fields as organic fertilizer, but not on arable land left uncultivated for the past year, the nitrogen per net area of cultivated land would have increased by 5%, from 125 to 131 N kg/ha, during 1990-2000. To reduce the nitrogen ratio on cultivated land through the planting of feed grain to utilize the nitrogen, a comparison of the cost performance of feed grains indicated that barley would be more suitable than wheat, rice or soybean. Had barley been planted in 100% of the land left fallow for the past year in 2000, 4% (20,000 tons) of the nitrogen from livestock waste would have been used in the harvest, and the nitrogen per land unit would have not increased but decreased from 125 to 121 N kg/ha during the same decade. Furthermore, when converted into Total Digestible Nutrients, 7% of imported feed corn could have been replaced with the harvested barley in 2000. Planting barley on this fallow land had three benefits; reducing the risk of manure overload on the land, slowing down the decrease in cultivated land, and raising the feed self-sufficiency ratio. Thus, it would be beneficial to plant feed grain such as barley in land left fallow for the past year through utilization of manure.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2009

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and rotaviruses are considered as the most important causative agents of diarrhea in piglets. The study established 3 method vaccination programs to prevent PEDV. A (LL)group inoculated twice vaccinations on 2-weeks-interval during the late term of pregnant sows with PEDV live vaccine. The B (LKK) group was applied that one time single PEDV live vaccine at the pre-mate followed by the TGEV PEDV combined inactivated vaccine (twice vaccination on 2-weeks interval at the third-trimester). C (KK) group was applied to sow which inoculated twice vaccination on 2-weeks-interval during the late term of pregnant sows with by the TGEV, PEDV combined inactivated vaccine. As the result of SN test on sows in the pig farm before vaccination, antibody titers was showed 9/45 (20.0%). By comparison with the serum neutralizing antibody titers against PEDV of the vaccination programs after PEDV of the vaccination, A group and B group vaccination method was higher than those of C group in sows. In the piglets up to 2 weeks of age, A group was showed antibody titers of 17/22 (81.8%) that showed 2-128, and B group was showed antibody titers of 30/37 (81.1%) that showed 2-512, and C group was showed antibody titers of 14/28 (50.0%) that showed 2-32. On the other hand, PEDV antibody titers were tested for the survey. As the results of SN test, Aujeszky's disease survey in 54 pig farms from november 2005 to august 2006, antibody titers of 47/286 (16.4%) showed above 2. Five breeding farms were antibody titers of 38/77 (49.4%), Wanggung zone farms antibody titers of 59/85 (69.4%). In pigs farms vaccinated the first of twice PEDV live vaccine, and after 6 month, the second of twice TGEV PEDV combined inactivated vaccine (LLKK, 256-1024 titer) method was higher than those of vaccinated twice the early term of pregnant, and twice the late term of pregnant sows of PEDV live vaccine (LLLL, 32 titer).

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2022

The meat consumption per person has continuously increased in recent years. However, the labor force in the domestic livestock industry has decreased due to the declining and ageing population. In order to increase productivity, the government have developed and distributed design standard of livestock houses. Presently, report showed that the adaptation rate of the developed livestock house design standard on the real farm was still low. Thus, this paper aimed to find ways to improve the utilization of the design standard through surveys. The survey was conducted on 650 farms across the country. Analysis of the result showed that in the poultry house, the unawareness of farmers to the design standard was found to be the biggest reason for not using the design standards. On the other hand, in the swine house, the previously built swine houses do not fit with the design standard. From these result, the following recommendations were suggested: 1) promotion and education are needed to enhance usage of design standard; 2) since it is impossible to make a design standard considering all the farm sites, it is important to consider the conditions of various farm site prior to enhancement of the design standard; 3) improvement factors such as reinforcing the ventilation design, reflecting animal welfare, preventing livestock diseases, and enhancing ICT devices can also be promoted.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.369-375
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• 2009

This study was attempted to survey the prevalence of heartworm infection among 253 dogs (male 167, female 86) on the 16 breeding farms in southern Gyeongnam area in May to December 2007. The results obtained from this experiment were summarized as follows; Fifty seven (22.5%) of the 253 examined dogs were heartworms-antigen positive, while twenty five dogs were Microfilaria positive by the modified Knott's method. The regional infection rates were of 25% in Tongyeong and 21% in Goseong, and on the breeding environment aspects, infection rates were lower in rural area than urban area farms. The infection rates were higher in female (26/86, 30.2%) than male dog (31/167, 18.6%). The infection rates by breeding size of farms were 31% (11/35) at <20 head, 26%(35/135) at 20~50 head and 13% (11/82) at >50 head. The infection rates of heartworm in examined dogs at the age of <2, 2~4 and >5 were 10.7% (8/75), 26% (40/154) and 37.5% (9/24), respectively. In the microfillaria-infected 25 dogs, identified Dirofilaria immitis of 21 (84%) using PCR. The dogs infected with heartworm showed the increased number of eosinophil.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

This study was investigated to diagnose pathogenic organisms of atrophic piglets in northern area of the Gyeongnam province, Korea. Samples such as feces, blood and necropsy specimens of 42 atrophic piglets (${\leq}10$ weeks old) were taken from May to December 2013 for this survey. Samples were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and bacteria isolation for detection of pathogenic agents. 93 pathogens were isolated from 42 samples can be classified into ll groups. We identified bacterial agents in 56 cases (60.2%) and viral agents in 31 cases (33.3%). However, 6 cases (6.5%) were undetected. Among these pathogens, the most prevalent disease were porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in 22 cases (23.7%). The major diseases were Colibacillosis in 15 cases (16.1%), Glasser's disease in 12 cases (12.9%), and porcine epidemic disease (PED) in 9 cases (9.7%). Mixed infections were accounted for 77.8% of atrophic piglets. In particular, the rate of mixed infections with PRRS virus showed the highest frequency (71.4%). In addition, there is a seasonal variation. Viral pathogens were dominantly detected in winter, but in the rest of the season bacterial agents were mainly detected. Gastrointestinal diseases occurred mainly in the pre-weaning piglets, the respiratory diseases and wasting diseases occurred mainly in the post-weaning piglets.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter spp. from duck feces in northern area of the Gyeongnam province, Korea. Samples of 121 duck feces were taken from April to December 2014 for this survey. Samples were examined by bacteria isolation and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of Campylobacter spp. Campylobacter were isolated in 37 samples (30.6%). Among these samples, C. jejuni and C. coli were isolated in 35 samples and 2 samples, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test is performed to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter spp. C. jejuni were resistant to ciprofloxacin (85.7%), nalidixic acid(82.9%), tetracycline (77.1%), gentamicin (57.1%), azithromycin (40.0%), clindamycin (34.3%), erythromycin (22.9%), and florfenicol (8.6%). These data support a database of pollution and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. from duck feces and provide a basic information of reducing the secondary damage of antibiotic misuse.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2010

This survey was carried out to investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in Korean indigenous cattle that was raised in central area province Gyeongnam, Korea. A total of 719 sera were tested for N. caninum antibodies using ELISA (Herdcheck anti-Neospora, IDEXX Laboratories Inc., Westbrook, Maine USA). Seroprevalence of individual and farm were 29.8%(214/719) and 53.2%(50/94). Regional seropositive rates of the samples were 61%(47/77), 23.3%(7/30), 13.8%(49/355), 37.6%(77/205), 65.4%(34/52) at Changwon, Jinhae, Gimhae, Miryang, Yangsan, respectively. It showed difference at the age and on the herd size of farms. A herd of cattle above the age of 5 was more infective than under 4 years. And in seroprevalence by herd size farms having under 30 heads was top(35.7%). Seropositive 214 herds of N. caninum antibidies were tested for brucellosis by test tube. Positive rate of double infection was 16.4%(35/214).

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 1996

This survey was conducted to investigate the situation of three types of laying hen houses and farmers' awareness of farm automation. Six windowless, three high-rising windowless and four open-sided laying hen houses were surveyed to compare their characteristics, and sixty farmers answered questionnaires. 1. Population density of laying hen was 13.9 birds/m^2$ in open-sided, 28.9 birds/m^2$ in high-rising windowless, and 44.9 birds/m^2$ in windowless laying hen houses. 2. Feeder space was $12{\sim}13.5cm$ in open-sided laying hen houses, but feeder space of windowless and high-rising hen houses was narrower than that of open-sided laying hen houses. 3. Thermal resistance values were $14.6{\sim}18.7\;m^2\;{\circ}C/W$ in wall, #22.0{\sim}23.7\;m^2\;{\circ}C/W$ in roof of windowless and high-rising windowless laying hen houses but the wall of open-sided laying hen houses was only $1.9\;m^2\;{\circ}C/W$. 4. Maximum ventilation capacity was 0.161{\sim}0.326$ cmm/bird in summer. Minimum rate of tunnel Ventilation laying hen houses in winter was $0.013{\sim}0.040$ cmm/bird, but minimum rate of crossflow and high-rising windowless laying hen houses was larger than that of tunnel ventilation houses. 5. One person managed about 8,100 birds in open-sided, and about 23,500 birds in windowless and high-rising windowless laying hen houses. 7. 90.7% of farmers responsed that they want to construct automatized laying hen houses in the future.