• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.347-349
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• 2005

This paper presents the results of an investigation and assessment of the direct short term impacts of electric service interruption incurred by livestock customers. The study used a direct visit survey to determine the customer assessment of electric service interruption and characteristic. The variation in interruption cost with the characteristics of interruptions such as duration, time of day, frequency, and day of interruption was also investigated.

• 기술사
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.36-38
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• 2012

Insect/worm is a source of protein food, more calcium than you think, made up of low-fat and high protein in the worms, 20% of the entire protein, nutrients, and so. because of this, the value of any insect food will rise. Is not argued that enough, livestock methane from gaseous material of the earth temperature no phi but not small role, and indeed. If a non-carbone missions from livestock are less and consequently the production of biofuels using worms because it is also expected to be available to the worms in cattle, such as no benefit is expected that you will be spotlighted.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2006

The ELISA titers to avian pneumovirus (APV) and avian reovirus (ARV) were surveyed to sera of 38 breeder farms (78 blocks, 1,560 hens) in Jeonbuk province during February to October, 2005. In APV, the positive ELISA were detected 36 (94.7%) breeders, 71 (91.0%) blocks, 1,057 (67.8%) hens, and their S/P ratio was 1.940. Regionally, the positivity of 24 breeders farms in the Jeonju, Jeongeup, Namwon, and Jangsu were noted as 100%, whereas 85.7% in Iksan. The positivity to species such as Cobb (20), Ross (13) and Hanhyup-3 (5), all of the breeding farms were detected as positive, 40 (86.9%), 17 (94.4%) and 14 (100.0%) in blocks, 553 (60.1%), 285 (79.2%) and 219 (78.2%) in hens, and their mean S/P ratio were 1.677, 1.769 and 2.254, respectively. The positivity of the breeders vaccinated with ARV, all of the 9 breeder farms (38 blocks) were noted as 100%, but 627 (82.5%) in hens, and its mean S/P ratio was 1.273. Whereas nonvaccinated with ARV were 28 (96.5%) in breeders farms, 38 (95.0%) in blocks, 660 (82.5%) in hens, and the mean S/P ratio was 1.612. In species which were vaccinated with ARV, 11 breeder farms (38 blocks) were noted as 100%, but 82.5% in hens, and their mean S/P ratio were 1.315. Whereas in nonvaccinated with ARV, 25 (92.6%) in farms, 38 (95.0%) in blocks and 660 (82.5%) in hens were positive, and their mean S/P ratio was 1.532.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.523-531
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• 2018

축산부문 유기성 폐자원의 자원화사업은 퇴 액비화, 사료화, 바이오가스화, 고형연료화 등이 진행되고 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 축산부문 유기성 폐자원 자원화 정책의 우선과제 및 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 관련 전문가를 대상으로 축산부문 유기성 폐자원의 자원화방안에 대하여 리커트 5점 척도의 중요도-만족도를 조사하였다. 축산 유기성 폐자원의 자원화에 대한 중요도와 만족도의 평균은 각각 3.63, 3.04점이며, 크론바하 알파값은 모두 0.7 이상으로 높은 신뢰성을 보이고 있다. 중요도와 만족도에 따른 가축분뇨 자원화 사업의 우선 시행순위는 퇴 액비화, 사료화, 바이오가스화, 고형연료화 순으로 나타났다. 가축분뇨 자원화 방안에 대한 IPA 분석결과 사료 품질 개선, 퇴 액비 수요처 확대, 지역단위 재활용시스템 구축, 생산비 절감 기술 개발, 수요자 연계 강화, 액비 품질인증 기준 제정 등은 중요도와 만족도에서 모두 높은 점수를 얻어 현 상태를 계속 유지해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 악취저감기술 보급 촉진, 가축분뇨 바이오매스와 기타 바이오매스 통합 관리 등은 집중적인 지원이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 발전차액지원제도 부활, 농부산물 사료화 촉진, 고형연료화 전과정 관리기준 설정, 위생안전기준 법제화, 에코비즈 개발 및 사료화 촉진 등은 중장기 대책으로 전환할 필요가 있다. 축산 부문 유기성 폐자원의 자원화 촉진을 위해 악취저감기술개발 지원 강화, 관련 부처간 협의기구 마련, 환경친화적 고형연료화 기술개발 및 정책적 지원, 신재생에너지 공급인증서 지원문제 해결을 위한 제도 정비 등이 요구된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권8호
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• pp.1177-1191
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• 2016

축산식품과 그 가공품의 소비량이 증가함에 따라 이로 인한 식중독 또한 꾸준히 발생하고 있어 다양한 축산식품과 그 가공품에 대한 안전관리가 필요하다. 본 연구는 50가지 축산식품과 그 가공품에 대해 대한민국의 성인을 대상으로 축산식품의 섭취실태를 조사하기 위해 전국의 성인 남녀 1,500명을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였다. 성별, 나이별, 지역 크기별, 직업별, 지역별로 섭취량 및 섭취빈도를 조사한 결과, 축산식품의 섭취량과 섭취빈도에 가장 영향을 미치는 것은 지역의 차이였다. 성별로는 남성이 여성보다 섭취량 및 섭취빈도가 높았으며, 나이별로는 20대에서 가장 높고 나이가 증가함에 따라 섭취량 및 섭취빈도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 지역크기별로는 식육 및 그 가공품의 경우 대도시, 우유 및 유가공품과 알류 및 알 가공품은 중소도시에서 섭취량 및 섭취빈도가 높았으며, 직업별로는 학생이 축산식품과 그 가공품에 대한 섭취량과 섭취빈도가 높았다. 지역별로는 서울과 인천/경기, 부산/울산/경북에서 섭취량과 섭취빈도가 높았다. 조사대상자 전체(1,500명)의 섭취빈도를 조사한 결과, 한 달에 가장 자주 섭취하는 식육과 그 부산물류에서는 돼지고기, 닭고기, 소고기 순이었고, 축산가공품에서는 햄, 양념된 돼지불고기, 소시지 순이었으며, 우유 및 유가공품에서는 우유, 액상 요구르트, 호상 요구르트 순이었고 알류 및 알 가공품에서는 계란말이, 계란찜, 삶은 계란 순으로 조사되었다. 결론적으로 인구집단에 따른 50가지 축산식품과 그 가공품의 섭취량과 섭취빈도를 조사한 결과, 인구집단에 따라 선호하는 축산식품의 종류가 다르며 섭취하는 양에도 차이를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 안전한 축산식품 섭취 관련 식중독 교육에 활용할 수 있으며, 축산식품과 그 가공품의 병원성 식중독균에 대한 위해평가 과정에서 노출평가에 필요한 섭취량 데이터베이스 구축에 활용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2015

Respiratory disease in pigs is common in modern pork production worldwide and is often referred to as porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). PRDC is polymicrobial in nature, and results from infection with various combinations of primary and secondary respiratory pathogens. The control of swine respiratory disease requires an understanding of the interactions between the organisms that can cause this illness, the pig and management of the environment. This study was carried out to investigate the lesion of red internal organs in slaughtered pigs and provided assistant data for pig farms. A total of 900 lung samples, 45 farms were collected randomly from slaughtered pigs in Jeonbuk province from April to December in 2014. Gross lesions such as swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), pleuritis, pleuropneumonia, pericarditis, liver white spots were examined for the pigs. Overall prevalence of SEP was 70.8%. According to season, the incidence occurred higher in summer than winter, fall and spring. The mean SEP score was 1.4, the highest incidence occurred in fall. The prevalence of pleuropneumonia, pleuritis, pericarditis, and milk spot was 26.1%, 71.4%, 2.8%, 21.6%, respectively. In the detection of pathogens, PRRS was not detected, PCV2 was positive in 87.6%.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1995

In this study an attempt was made to evaluate the economics of dairy farming in selected areas of Bangladesh. Data from 20 randomly selected farms were collected by survey method. Results show that cross-bred cows were more in number (2.55) in those farms than that of local cows (0.65). The number of cross-bred cows increased as the farm sizes increased. The production of milk per cross-bred cow was higher (5.66 litres) than the local ones (2.23 litres). Highest (5.74 litres) milk yield per cross-bred cow was recorded in large farms. The average lactation period for crossbred cows was higher (304 days) than the local cows (210 days). In production cost of farms, concentrates took the highest share (35.19%) followed by labour charges (23.64%). The production cost and gross returns for mini dairy farms were higher in large farms (TK. 183,005 and TK. 187,544, respectively), compared to medium and small farms. The benefit-cost ratio of all farms was 1 : 1.03, indicating that mini dairy farming is economically profitable. In addition, each farm created an annual employment opportunity of 649.70 man-days which was met by both male and female labourers. The small farms employed more female family labourers while the large farms depended more on hired labourers. The expansion of dairy farming with cross-bred cows is suggested for accelerating income and employment opportunities in rural Bangladesh.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2020

Background: Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are harmful gases generated during aerobic/anaerobic bacterial decomposition of livestock manure. We evaluated ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations generated from workplaces at livestock farms and determined environmental factors influencing the gas concentrations. Methods: Five commercial swine farms and five poultry farms were selected for monitoring. Real-time monitors were used to measure the ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations and environmental conditions during the manure-handling processes. Monitoring was conducted in the manure storage facility and composting facility. Information on the farm conditions was also collected through interview and walk-through survey. Results: The ammonia concentrations were significantly higher at the swine composting facilities (9.5-43.2 ppm) than at other manure-handling facilities at the swine and poultry farms, and high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were identified during the manure agitation and mixing process at the swine manure storage facilities (6.9-19.5 ppm). At the poultry manure-handling facilities, the ammonia concentration was higher during the manure-handling processes (2.6-57.9 ppm), and very low hydrogen sulfide concentrations (0-3.4 ppm) were detected. The air temperature and relative humidity, volume of the facility, duration of manure storage, and the number of animals influenced the gas concentrations. Conclusion: A high level of hazardous gases was generated during manure handling, and some levels increased up to risk levels that can threaten workers' health and safety. Some of the farm operational factors were also found to influence the gas levels. By controlling and improving these factors, it would be possible to protect workers' safety and health from occupational risks.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.316-328
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• 2023

In this study, the characteristics of nonpoint pollutant outflow and contribution rate of pollution in Songya-stream mainstream and tributaries were analyzed. Further, water pollution management and improvement measures for pollution-oriented rivers were proposed. An on-site investigation was conducted to determine the inflow of major pollutants into the basin, and it was found that pollutants generated from agricultural land and livestock facilities flowed into the river, resulting in a high concentration of turbid water. Based on the analysis results of the pollution load data calculated through actual measurement monitoring (flow and water quality) and the occurrence and emission load data calculated using the national pollution source survey data, the S3 and S6 were selected as the concerned pollution tributaries in the Songya-stream basin. Results of cluster analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient evaluation and Density based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) technique showed that the S3 and S6 were most consistent with the C2 cluster (a cluster of Songya-stream mainstream owned area) corresponding to the mainstream of Songya-stream. The analysis results of the major pollutants in the concerned pollution tributaries showed that livestock and land pollutants were the major pollutants. Consequently, optimal management techniques such as fertilizer management, water gate management in paddy, vegetated filter strip and livestock manure public treatment were proposed to reduce livestock and land pollutants.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.914-937
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to establish a multi-residue quantitative method for the analysis of anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drugs in various livestock products (beef, pork, and chicken) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Each compound performed validation at three different levels i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2× the maximum residue limit according to the CODEX guidelines (CAC/GL 71-2009). This study was conducted according to the modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe procedure. The matrix-matched calibrations gave correlation coefficients >0.98, and the obtained recoveries were in the range of 60.2%-119.9%, with coefficients of variation ≤32.0%. Furthermore, the detection and quantification limits of the method were in the ranges of 0.03-3.2 and 0.1-9.7 ㎍/kg, respectively. Moreover, a survey of residual anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drugs was also carried out in 30 samples of beef, pork, and chicken collected in Korea. Toltrazuril sulfone was detected in all three samples. Thus, our results indicated that the developed method is suitable for determining the anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drug contents in livestock products.