• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.195-203
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• 2022

Zea mays, known as maize or corn, is a major staple crop and an important source of energy for humans and animals, thus ensuring global food security. Approximately 9.4% of the loss of total annual corn production is caused by pathogens including fungi, bacteria, and viruses, resulting in economic losses. Although the use of fungicides is one of the most common strategies to control corn diseases, the frequent use of fungicides causes various health problems in humans and animals. In order to overcome this problem, an eco-friendly control strategy has recently emerged as an alternative way. One such eco-friendly control strategy is the use of beneficial microorganisms in the control of plant pathogens. The beneficial microorganisms can control the plant pathogens in various ways, such as spatial competition with plant pathogens, inhibition of fungal or bacterial growth via the production of secondary metabolites or antibiotics, and direct attack to plant pathogens via enzyme activity. Here, we reviewed microorganisms as biocontrol agents against corn diseases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.31-31
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• 2017

On farm evaluation for the control of airborne diseases like FMD and flu virus has been done in past but control of disease in process of transportation of livestock and manures is still needed. The objective of this study was to predict a common pattern of livestock vehicles movement. The analysis were done on GPS data, collected from drivers of livestock vehicles in Jeju Island, South Korea in year 2012 and 2013. The GPS data include the coordinates of moving vehicles according to time and dates, livestock farms and manure keeping sites. 2012 year data was added to ArcGIS and different tools were used for predicting common vehicle moving pattern. The common pattern of year 2012 were determined and considered as predicted common pattern for year 2013. To compare with actual pattern of year 2013 the same analysis was done to find the difference in 2012 and 2013 pattern. When the manure keeping sites and livestock farms were same in both years, as a result common pattern of 2012 and 2013 were similar but difference were found in patterns when the manure keeping sites and livestock farms were changed. In future for more accurate results and to predict the accurate pattern of vehicles movement, more dependent and independent variables will be required to make a suitable model for prediction.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.239-243
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• 2013

Salmonella Enteritidis is responsible for causing foodborne diseases upon consumption of egg products. While cases of S. Enteritidis isolation from eggs have been reported in other countries, no such cases have previously been reported in Korea. In this study, we report the first isolation and identification of S. Enteritidis from domestically distributed eggs in Korea. Eggs were collected from eight countrywide grocery stores during different seasons between 2011 and 2012. Egg contents and washing solution of egg shells were incubated in buffered peptone water, and the enriched broth was further enriched in tetrathionate broth and Rappaport-Vassiliadis. The secondary enriched broth was streaked on xylose lysine desoxycholate agar. The suspected colonies were confirmed to S. Enteritidis by a biochemical test, serotyping, and PCR test. Genetic relatedness among the isolates was analyzed using Diversilab Salmonella kit. Three strains of S. Enteritidis were isolated from egg contents and egg shells collected from grocery stores of the Eumseong-city in the fall of 2011. All three stains showed resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, and ampicillin by the disk diffusion method. In addition, the isolates showed more than 99% DNA homology, indicating that they were presumably identical strains. Therefore, there is a requirement to monitor and control against S. Enteritidis from eggs in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2012

The spread of infectious diseases in the event of livestock is getting faster and the route of spread gets more varied. It is important for the responsible agency to detect early and establish a prevention and surveillance system. If the spread cannot be contained effectively, great damage and loss will be inevitable in terms of social, environment and economic aspects as well as the welfare of the farmers. At present in Korea, a web-based Infectious Livestock Diseases Statistics System (AIMS: Animal Infectious Disease Data Management System) has been already implemented for this purpose and the service is available to the general public. But this system does not provide geospatial information and does not provide support for decision making and does not provide multi-dimensional information. In this study, an open source-based SOLAP (Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing) technology is applied to enable many diverse forms of data analysis from many aspects to support decision making. The SOLAP system was designed to integrate geospatial information and the analysis of information has been largely divided into map-based analysis and table-based analysis.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.335-343
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• 2019

Healthy living is an essential element of human happiness. Quality eating provides the basis for life, and the health of livestock, which provides meat and dairy products, has a direct impact on human health. In the case of calves, diarrhea is the cause of all diseases.In this paper, we use a sensor to measure calf 's biometric data to diagnose calf diarrhea. The collected biometric data is subjected to a preprocessing process for use as meaningful information. We measure calf birth history and calf biometrics. The ontology is constructed by inputting environmental information of housing and biochemistry, immunity, and measurement information of human body for disease management. We will build a knowledge base for predicting calf diarrhea by predicting calf diarrhea through logical reasoning. Predict diarrhea with the knowledge base on the name of the disease, cause, timing and symptoms of livestock diseases. These knowledge bases can be expressed as domain ontologies for parent ontology and prediction, and as a result, treatment and prevention methods can be suggested.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.409-413
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Large amount of veterinary antibiotics have been used in the livestock industry to prevent diseases and promote growth. These antibiotics are excreted through feces and urine in unchanged form and reach to agricultural fields via application of the livestock manure based composts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of tetracyclines-resistant bacteria in the soil received livestock manure compost for a long term. METHODS AND RESULTS: Tetracyclines (tetracycline TC, chlortetracycline CTC, and oxytetracycline OTC) resistance bacteria in the soil of rice-onion field applied pig manure compost (PM), in the soil of grass-rye field received cow manure compost (CM), and in the soil of rice field applied inorganic fertilizer (NPK) were determined. The soil received livestock manure composts clearly showed higher number of TC, CTC, and OTC resistance bacteria compared with the soil treated with inorganic fertilizer. The antibiotic resistant bacteria recovered appeared at 80 mg/L of tetracyclines was identified 1 specie, 6 genera 7 species, and 6 genera 7species in the soils received CM, PM, and NPK, respectively. The dominant resistant bacteria with the CM and PM application were Ochrobactrum and Rhodococcus. CONCLUSION: The application of livestock manure compost in the agricultural field is likely to contribute the occurrence of antibiotic resistance bacteria in the agricultural environment.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.302-310
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• 2016

A study aimed at identifying putative drought responsive genes that confer tolerance to water stress deficit in tea plants was conducted in a 'rain-out shelter' using potted plants. Eighteen months old drought tolerant and susceptible tea cultivars were each separately exposed to water stress or control conditions of 18 or 34% soil moisture content, respectively, for three months. After the treatment period, leaves were harvested from each treatment for isolation of RNA and cDNA synthesis. The cDNA libraries were sequenced on Roche 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing platform to produce 232,853 reads. After quality control, the reads were assembled into 460 long transcripts (contigs). The annotated contigs showed similarity with proteins in the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome. Heat shock proteins (HSP70), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (cat), peroxidase (PoX), calmodulinelike protein (Cam7) and galactinol synthase (Gols4) droughtrelated genes were shown to be regulated differently in tea plants exposed to water stress. HSP70 and SOD were highly expressed in the drought tolerant cultivar relative to the susceptible cultivar under drought conditions. The genes and pathways identified suggest efficient regulation leading to active adaptation as a basal defense response against water stress deficit by tea. The knowledge generated can be further utilized to better understand molecular mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in tea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.329-338
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• 2007

Samples collected from 15 broiler farms(47 flocks, 920 1-day-old chicks) during March to December, 2006, To survey serum antibody titers of NDV, IBDV and MG/MS, the antibodies of ND viruses were detected by HI test and ELISA, against antibodies of IBD viruses and MG/MS by ELISA. The antibody titers of NDV showed 6.4, HI and 6,968, ELISA, respectively. The rate to below protective antibody levels(${\ge}5$, HI and ${\ge}1,000$, ELISA) were 8%, HI, 5%, ELISA, specially, Baeksemi were 22%, HI, 14%, ELISA. The rate of positive by ELISA showed 99%(914/920). The ELISA titer of IBDV showed mean titer 3,890. The rate of positive were 93% (857/920), specially, Baeksemi were 84%. The ELISA titers of MG/MS showed mean titer 5,666. The rate of positive were 78% (715/920) and 100%, Abor-Acre, 97%, Baeksemi, respectively. The antibodies not detected from 18%, ELISA titers was varied from 500 to 20,000. At antimicrobial susceptibility of E coli, Staphylococcus spp and Salmonella spp isolated from 1-day-old chicks, E coli were susceptible to AmC, AM, NOR, SXT, ENR, CIP, Staphylococcus spp were susceptible to AmC, SXT, AM, ENR and Salmonella spp were susceptible to AM, AmC, SXT and P.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.563-566
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• 2017

In order to prevent livestock diseases and produce the high quality livestock products in the livestock industry, it is necessary to manage the conditions of the livestock farms in the optimal condition. Therefore, these days the research on livestock growth models that analyze the factors of the air environment, the breeding environment, and the numerical rules of livestock in vivo is being carried out to improve and manage the environment in which livestock are kept. However, conventional models of growth are not sufficient to support the decision-making to control complex environment in pen by analyzing and interpreting air environment and breeding environment in a complex way. In this paper, we propose a method to control the complex environment in pen by using artificial neural network model based on biological information, air environment, breeding environment and production information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.247-257
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• 2020

Livestock epidemics, such as foot and mouth disease, are causing enormous economic losses due to their strong infectious power. Early detection of infectious diseases in livestock is very important, but it is difficult to diagnose early in individual farms, and there are frequent cases of transmission through inter-farm movement such as veterinarians and feeding vehicles. In this study, we studied the technology that enables rapid diagnosis without veterinarian farm visits and prevents further spread by automatically monitoring the body temperature of livestock using ubiquitous-based information and communication technology in the early stage of onset and sending it in real time. We have presented a technique for systematically managing livestock epidemics at the farm level, regional level, and national level by using the community mapping technique by using the remote medical treatment system linked to the automatically collected information. In this process, community mapping items for each step and stakeholders were derived for crowd sourcing based spatial information technology.