• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.764-772
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• 2003

Two genetic constructs used to confer improved agronomic characteristics, namely herbicide tolerance (HT) in maize and soyabean and insect resistance (Bt) in maize, are considered in respect of feeding to farm livestock, animal performance and the nutritional value and safety of animal products. A review of nucleic acid (DNA) and protein digestion in farm livestock concludes that the frequency of intact transgenic DNA and proteins of GM and non-GM crops being absorbed is minimal/non existent, although there is some evidence of the presence of short fragments of rubisco DNA of non-GM soya in animal tissues. It has been established that feed processing (especially heat) prior to feeding causes significant disruption of plant DNA. Studies with ruminant and non-ruminant farm livestock offered GM feeds demonstrated that animal performance and product composition are unaffected and that there is no evidence of transgenic DNA or proteins of current GM in the products of animals consuming such feeds. On this evidence, current HT and Bt constructs represent no threat to the health of animals, or humans consuming the products of such animals. However as new GM constructs become available it will be necessary to subject these to rigorous evaluation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.308-312
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• 1997

Incidence of retained placenta in dairy cows was investigated in 120 parturitions. Prior to calving, cows were allotted into four groups; 1) control, 2) the infection of Vitamin E (500 IU), 3) the injection of selenium (40 mg), and 4) the infection of Vitamin E (500 IU) and selenium (40 mg). Selenium (Se) and Vitamin E were injected intramusculary 20 d prior to the estimated calving date. No effects of Se or Vitamin E administration alone was observed for number of service per conception, conception rate, and estrus rate (p > 0.05). But the Vitamin E administration with Se significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the incidence of retained placenta and the days required for calving the first service. Incidence of retained placenta was not significantly (p > 0.05) influenced by parity, but it was significantly (p < 0.01) influenced by season, especially, increased during July and August. Concentration of Se in plasma was not significantly (p > 0.05) changed during peripartum period whether the treatment. The results of this study on retained placenta suggest that this disorder will be reduced by the administration of Se and Vitamin E prior to calving in dairy cows.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권3_spc호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2021

Objective: Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers. Methods: Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks. Results: Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer's acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups. Conclusion: Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.144-156
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• 1992

The residue of drug in foods of animal origin has increasingly become of interest to the entire livestock industry as growing consumer health concerns. The current overvie of feed additives and veterinary drugs used in Japan and their residual analysis has been reviewed. High performance liquid chromatographic technique(HPLC) with various detectors can be expected to be successfully applied for the routine analysis of residual feed additives and veterinary drugs including anabolic agents in livestock products.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2017

As livestock husbandry has broadened from family-scale to enterprise-scale, the number of farming families has decreased in contrast to the increase of the number of livestock, and the amount of livestock manure discharged per household has increased. Livestock manure is difficult to handle and its disposal in the ocean is prohibited. Moreover, facilities that compost and liquefy manure are blamed as sources of soil, ground water, and surface water pollution because the amount of manure generated from husbandry farms causes eutrophication. In this study, livestock manure was utilized as a feedstock of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process to produce biochar for use as an environmental medium. The biochar was tested for iodine adsorption capability and its performance was compared with other adsorbent materials.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.241-245
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• 2006

본 연구는 젖소에 있어서 lipopolysaccharide의 처리가 번식 성적에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 2003년부터 2005년까지 3년간에 걸쳐 축산연구소 개방형 깔짚우사에서 사육중인 홀스타인 착유우 50두를 대상으로 처리구 및 대조구 각각 25두씩을 공시하였고 분만후 20일째에 1회에 한하여 Bacteroids helcogenes와 Fusobacterium varium으로부터 분리한 LPS $100{\mu}g$을 PBS 용액 35 ml에 희석하여 수정란 이식용 카테타로 자궁내에 주입한 후 발정 발현시 인공 수정을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. LPS 처리후 첫 수정에 의한 수태율은 대조구 및 처리구가 각각 20.0% 및 56.0%로 처리구가 대조구에 비하여 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 2. LPS 처리후 2회 이상 수정에 의한 수태율은 대조구 및 처리구가 각각 40.0% 및 64.0%로 처리구가 대조구에 비하여 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 3. 수태된 개체들의 수태당 종부횟수는 대조구 및 처리구가 각각 $2.0{\pm}0.1$회 및 $1.2{\pm}0.4$회로 처리구가 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.663-670
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• 2006

국내에서 제조된 서방출형 유전자재조합 돼지 성장호르몬 (porcine somatotropin; pST)이 돼지의 성장과 등지방두께에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 평균체중이 78kg인 랜드레이스 거세돈 48두를 공시하여 대조구, 4:1제형 rpST구 (6회 투여), 1:1제형 rpST구 (4회 투여), 4:1제형 rpST구 (4회 투여)에 각각 12두씩 배치하였다. 대조구는 pST를 투여하지 않았고, rpST 처리구는 1주일에 1회, 목 근육에 서방형 제재를 주입하였는데, 6회 투여구는 개시부터 2주까지는 100mg을, 3주부터 6주까지는 125mg을, 4회 투여구는 개시부터 2주까지는 100mg을, 3주부터 4주까지는 125mg을 투여하였다. 시험사료는 라이신 함량이 0.9%인 시판 육성돈사료를 무제한 급여한 결과 (주) LG 화학에서 제조한 서방출형 유전자재조합 pST는 증체량 및 사료요구율을 개선시켜 생산성 향상과 등지방두께 감소로 육질이 향상되었다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.609-618
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• 2023

Objective: TLRI 211-1 is a novel Bacillus subtilis strain. This experiment was to investigate dietary supplementation of TLRI 211-1 on laying performance, egg quality and blood characteristics of layers. Methods: One hundred and twenty 65-wk-old Leghorn layers were divided into four treatment groups for 8 weeks experiment. Each treatment had three replicates. The basal diet was formulated as control group with crude protein 17% and metabolizable energy 2,850 kcal/kg and supplemented with TLRI 211-1 0.1%, 0.3%, and commercial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.1% as treatment 2, 3 and 4 groups, respectively. Both TLRI 211-1 and commercial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were adjusted to contain 1×10⁹ colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL (g), hence the 0.1% supplemental level was 1×10⁹ CFU/kg. Results: The results showed that TLRI 211-1 0.3% and commercial B. amyloliquefaciens groups had higher weight gain than the other groups; TLRI 211-1 0.1% group had better feed to eggs conversion ratio than the control and commercial B. amyloliquefaciens groups (p<0.05). Bacillus subtilis supplementation increased yolk weight (p<0.05). In egg quality during storage, TLRI 211-1 0.1% had higher breaking strength than the control group at the second week of storage (p<0.05). At the third week of storage, TLRI 211-1 0.3% had higher Haugh unit (p<0.05). Hens fed diets supplemented with TLRI 211-1 0.3% significantly decreased blood triglyceride levels and increased blood calcium levels (p<0.05). TLRI 211-1 0.3% group had lower H₂S (p<0.05) and hence had less unpleasant odor in excreta of hens. Conclusion: In conclusion, supplementation with 0.1% TLRI 211-1 can significantly improve feed to eggs conversion ratio. TLRI 211-1 supplementation also can maintain eggs at their optimum quality level during storage. The study showed that B. subtilis TLRI 211-1 can be used as feed additives for improving egg production performance and egg quality.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

본 시험은 산란계 사료 내 사과박 발효물의 첨가가 산란계 생산성, 계란 품질 및 장내 미생물 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 57주령 Hy-Line을 200수를 공시하여 5처리, 4반복, 반복당 10수씩 배치하여 10주간 사양 시험을 실시하였다. 시험구는 무첨가구(Control, C)와 산란계 사료 내 생균제 0.1% 첨가구(T1), 사과박 발효물 1.0% 첨가구(T2), 계피0.1%첨가구(T3) 및 계피를 첨가한 사과박 발효물 1.0% 첨가구(T4)로 처리구를 나누어 시험을 실시하였다. 시험 전기간 동안 총 산란율에서는 각 처리구간 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았으나 대조구와 비교하였을 때 생균제 및 발효 사과 부산물 첨가구에서 6.1% 개선되는 결과를 나타내었다. 계피 0.1% 첨가구에서는 무첨가구 대비 4.5% 개선되는 결과를 나타내었다. 시험 기간 동안 계란 품질 조사 결과 전체 처리구에서 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 신선도의 경우 무첨가구와 비교 시 발효 사과 부산물 처리구에서1.2%의 개선 효과를 나타내어 안전 양계 산물 생산에 대한 가능성을 나타내었다. 시험 전 기간 동안 혈액 생화학 및 혈구에 대해 처리구간 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결과적으로 산란계 사료 내 발효 사과 부산물의 첨가 급여는 산란계에 있어 생산성에 대해 개선 효과를 가지며, 향후 곡물 수급의 불안정 및 양계 분야에 대체 자원의 필요성을 고려할 때 농산부산물을 활용한다는 점에서 충분한 가능성을 시사한 결과라 할 수 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to investigate effects of dietary level of CLA and the duration of feeding CLAcontaining diets on reproductive performance in sows and piglet growth rate. Tallow (3% in gestation diet and 5% in lactation diet, respectively) was incorporated as a fat source in control diet, and each 50% (dietary CLA level of 0.75% in gestation diet, and 1.50% in lactation diet, respectively) or 100% (dietary CLA level of 1.50% in gestation diet, and 2.50% in lactation diet, respectively) of tallow was replaced by a commercial CLA preparation containing 50% CLA isomers. Diets containing CLA were fed either from d 15 premating to weaning or d 74 post-mating to weaning. The level of dietary CLA and feeding duration did not affect litter size. High dietary level of CLA, however, decreased piglet weights at birth (p<0.01) and tended to decrease backfat thickness of sows at weaning. Longterm feeding of CLA-containing diets decreased piglet weights at weaning (p<0.05) and backfat thickness of sows at weaning (p<0.05). CLA supplemented in sow diet was transferred to fetus and piglets during pregnancy and nursing period, respectively. CLA contents of femoral muscle of piglets were 2.08 to 2.57 mg per g of fat at birth, and 2.36 to 4.47 mg at 10 days of age in CLA groups, while CLA was not detected in the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of CLA tended to lower backfat thickness of sow and piglets' weight at birth or weaning, but did not affect total litter size. Dietary CLA was transferred efficiently during prenatal and postnatal periods of time through the placenta and milk, respectively.