• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.12-25
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• 2016

본 연구는 자전거 주행경로에 대한 중요도와 만족도 조사를 바탕으로 목적별 주행경로 적정성 평가지표 제시를 목적으로 한다. 사전설문으로 선정된 총 5가지 영향요인에 대해 여가와 통근목적 공통으로 중요도와 만족도를 조사하고, 통근의 경우 목적지 정보에 대해 추가적으로 조사한다. 조사된 각 항목에 대해 분석적 계층화기법(Analytical Hierarchy Process : AHP)을 통해 항목별 중요도를 산출하고, 목적별 차이가 큰 항목에 대해서 목적별로 차등화 된 평가지표를 제시한다. 분석결과 자전거 도로의 연결성과 보도, 차도와의 분리 항목의 차이가 크게 도출되었으며 이 항목에 대해선 만족도를 바탕으로 모형을 만들 수 있는 순서형 프로빗 모형을 사용하였으며, 그 외 항목에 대해서는 기존연구에 주행경로정보를 반영해 평가지표를 선정한다. 선정된 평가지표와 항목별 중요도를 통해 경로에 대한 정량적 서비스수준을 제공 할 수 있고 향후 app이나 검색엔진 등에서 이용자의 Feedback을 통해 모형의 설명력을 제고할 수 있으며, 모형에 대한 이용자별 평가 정보들을 활용해 개별 이용자의 성향에 특화된 맞춤형 개선방안을 도출할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 빅데이터(big data)를 활용한 분석을 통해 문학치료에 대한 일반인들의 인식을 고찰하는 것으로 문학치료의 객관적인 인지도를 탐색하였다. '문학치료'에 대한 온라인상의 소셜 네트워크 서비스(SNS)자료에 대해 빅데이터 관점에서의 분석을 통한 의미정보 도출을 목적으로 텍스트 마이닝과 관련된 오피니언 마이닝 기법을 활용하여 문학치료와 관계된 키워드의 내용분석을 주요 연구방법으로 하였다. '문학치료'를 중점적으로 파악하면서,'독서치료'를 함께 비교 분석하였다. 연구 조사 기간은 2014년 10월 10일부터 2014년 11월 10일까지 30일 동안 블로그와 트위터 등의 소셜 네트워크 서비스(SNS)자료를 검색대상으로 하였다. 연구 분석 결과에 따라 문학치료 지평의 확산과 문학치료 지형의 구조적 조화, 문학치료 인식의 축을 견고하게 하는 것이 필요하다는 결론을 내릴 수 있다. 본 연구는 문학치료에 대한 일반인들의 인지도를 탐색하고 이에 관련한 문학치료의 활성화를 위한 대안을 제시할 수 있다는 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5349-5357
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women of all ethnic and age groups in Malaysia. Delay in seeking help for breast cancer symptoms is preventable and by identifying possible factors for delayed diagnosis, patient prognosis and survival rates could be improved. Objectives: This narrative review aimed to understand and evaluate the level of in-depth breast cancer knowledge in terms of clinical breast examination and breast self-examination, and other important aspects such as side-effects and risk factors in Malaysian females. Since Malaysia is multicultural, this review assessed social perceptions, cultural beliefs and help-seeking behaviour in respect to breast cancer among different ethnic groups, since these may impinge on efforts to 'avoid' the disease. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search of seven databases was performed from December 2015 to January 2015. Screening of relevant published journals was also undertaken to identify available information related to the knowledge, perception and help-seeking behaviour of Malaysian women in relation to breast cancer. Results: A total of 42 articles were appraised and included in this review. Generally, women in Malaysia had good awareness of breast cancer and its screening tools, particularly breast self-examination, but only superficial in-depth knowledge about the disease. Women in rural areas had lower levels of knowledge than those in urban areas. It was also shown that books, magazines, brochures and television were among the most common sources of breast cancer information. Delay in presentation was attributed mainly to a negative social perception of the disease, poverty, cultural and religion practices, and a strong influence of complementary and alternative medicine, rather than a lack of knowledge. Conclusions: This review highlighted the need for an intensive and in-depth breast cancer education campaigns using media and community health programmes, even with the existing good awareness of breast cancer. This is essential in order to avoid misconceptions and to frame the correct mind-set about breast cancer among women in Malaysia. Socio-cultural differences and religious practices should be taken into account by health care professionals when advising on breast cancer. Women need to be aware of the risk factors and symptoms of breast cancer so that early diagnosis can take place and the chances of survival improved.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6131-6136
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• 2014

Objective: Epidemiology studies have reported conflicting results between glutathione S-transferase Mu-1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1) and ovarian cancer (OC) susceptibility. In this study, an updated meta-analysis was applied to determine whether the deletion of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 has an influence on OC susceptibility. Methods: A published literature search was performed through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Science Citation Index Expanded database for articles published in English. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated using random or fixed effects models. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and $I^2$ statistics. Sub-group analysis was conducted to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the respective influence of each study on the overall estimate. Results: In total, 10 published studies were included in the final analysis. The combined analysis revealed that there was no significant association between GSTM1 null genotype and OC risk (OR=1.01, 95%CI: 0.91-1.12). Additionally, there was no significant association between GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and OC risk (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.85-1.13). Similalry, no significant associations were found concerning the GSTP1 rs1695 locus and OC risk. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis did not show a significant increase in eligible studies with low heterogeneity. However, sensitivity analysis, publication bias and cumulative analysis demonstrated the reliability and stability of the current meta-analysis. Conclusions: These findings suggest that GSTs genetic polymorphisms may not contribute to OC susceptibility. Large epidemiological studies with the combination of GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms and more specific histological subtypes of OC are needed to prove our findings.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3403-3410
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• 2014

Context: Interest exits in whether TNF-alpha antagonists increase the risk of breast cancer and total malignancies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objectives: To analyze the risk of malignancies, especially breast cancer, in patients with RA enrolled in randomized control trials (RCTs). Methods: A systematic literature search for RCTs from 1 January 1998 to 1 July 2013 from online databases, such as PubMed, WILEY, EMBASE, ISI web of knowledge and Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies included RCTs that compared the safety of at least one dose of the five TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists with placebo or methotrexate (MTX) (or TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists plus MTX vs placebo plus MTX) in RA patients for more than 24 weeks and imported all the references into document management software EndNote${\times}6$. Two independent reviewers selected studies and extracted the data about study design, patients' characteristics and the type, number of all malignancies. Results: 28 RCTs from 34 records with 11,741 patients were analyzed. Of the total, 97 developed at least one malignancy during the double-blind trials, and breast cancer was observed in 17 patients (17.5% of total malignancies). However, there was no statistically significant increased risk observed in either the per protocol (PP) model (OR 0.65, 95%CI [0.22, 1.93]) or the modified intention to treat (mITT) model (OR 0.75, 95%CI [0.25, 2.21]). There were also no significant trend for increased risk of total malignancies on anti-TNF-${\alpha}$ therapy administered at approved doses in either model (OR, 1.06, 95%CI [0.64, 1.75], and OR, 1.30, 95%CI [0.80, 2.14], respectively). As to the two models, modified intention to treat model analysis led to higher estimation than per protocol model analysis. Conclusions: This study did not find a significantly increased risk of breast cancer and total malignancies in adults RA patients treated with TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists at approved doses. However, it cannot be ignored that more patients developed malignancies with TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists therapy compared with patients with placebo or MTX, in spite of the lack of statistical significance, so that more strict clinical trials and long-term follow-up are needed, and both mITT and PP analyses should be used in such safety analyses.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3117-3122
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• 2016

Background: Health-care research is a neglected discipline in Pakistan and research related to esophageal cancer (ranks 9th in Pakistani males and 5th in females) is no exception in this regard. Particularly, there are no data available to delineate the overall status of esophageal cancer epidemiological studies in Pakistan. This study describes the first ever effort to make a systematic quantification, in an attempt to provide a road-map to all stakeholders for designing appropriate epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Materials and Methods: International (PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge) and local (PakMedinet) scientific databases as well as Google search engine were searched using specified keywords to extract relevant publication. Well-defined inclusion criteria were implemented to select publications for final analyses. All data were recorded by at least 3 authors and consensus data were entered into and analyzed for descriptive statistics (such as frequencies, percentages and annual growth rates) using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Results: A total of 79 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria including 20 publications for which full texts were not available. Of the 79 publications, 59 (74.6%) were original/research publications, 5 (6.3%) were case reports, 4 (5.1%) were research communications, 2 (2.5%) were review articles, 1 was (1.2%) correspondence and 8 (10.1%) were undefined categories. Only 13 (<20%) cities of Pakistan contributed towards the 79 publications. On average, only 1.9 relevant publications/year were published from 1976 (year of first publication) to the present. Alarmingly, a decline in the annual growth at -4.1% was recorded in the last six years. Conclusions: Esophageal cancer research is largely unfathomed in Pakistan. Urgent/dramatic steps are required by all concerned to address this common (and under reported) cancer of Pakistan.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.414-426
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• 2018

본 연구는 진로적 측면으로서 독서자본을 개념화하고 구성요소를 탐색하여 추후 연구를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 선행연구 논문과 문헌을 고찰하였다. 또한 독서관련 다양한 활동을 통해 효과성이 검증된 논문 209편을 대상으로 빅 데이터 분석을 실시하여 독서자본의 구성요소를 탐색하였다. 본 연구를 통해 독서자본(讀書資本, Reading Capital)은 독서를 통해 체화된 소양, 경험, 태도 등 유 무형 능력이 표출되어 인간을 이해하고 세상을 긍정적으로 바라보며, 이를 실행해 나감으로써 개인적 사회적 경제적 가치를 창출하게 하는 것으로 정의하였다. 독서역량이란 독서에 대해 개인이 갖고 있는 흥미, 경험, 태도, 능력이 축적이 되어 독서를 지속적으로 해 나갈 수 있도록 하는 힘으로 정의하였으며, 인문학적 소양을 인간의 참된 본성과 전인성의 토대위해 인간을 이해하고 일상생활 속에서 이를 실천해 나 갈수 있고 세상을 긍정적으로 바라보는 안목을 통해 변화에 유연하게 대처하며, 문제를 인식하고 이를 해결해 나갈 수 있는 능력으로 정의하였다. 독서자본의 구성요소는 독서흥미, 독서활동, 독서태도, 독서능력을 독서역량으로, 정서지능, 관계성, 자아정체성, 창의성, 적응성, 주도성, 가치관 등을 인문학적 소양으로 개념화하였다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 독서자본의 정의, 구성요소의 탐색 및 정의는 관련 후속연구들 간의 연구 확장에 기초자료로써 그 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Gongjin-dan (Gongchen-dan, here in after GJD) in order to obtain the evidence for clinical application. Methods The GJD-related articles published from 1990 to 2013 were searched using "Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal", "Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS)", "Korean Association of Medical Journal Edition (Koreamed)", "Research Information Services (RISS4U)", "Korean Medicine Database (KMbase)", "National Discovery for Science Leader (NDSL)", "PubMed", "China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)". The search keywords were "Gongjin-dan", "Gongchen-dan". Thirty-nine articles were obtained. After excluding the eighteen article which did not meet inclusion criteria, finally twenty-one articles were included; five clinical articles and sixteen experimental articles. Results In clinical studies, GJD has the various effectiveness in cardiovascular diseases, alcoholic hepatitis, mild dementia, anemia. Also experimental studies related to the GJD show a variety of effects, such as anti-oxidative activity, neuroprotective activity, hepatoprotective activity, anti-inflammatory activity, immunological activity, reproductive recovery activity with fewer side-effects. Conclusions It has been suggested that there are various effects of GJD in treating a wide-range disease. However, in order to put GJD to use for many kinds of diseases in more reasonable ways, it is needed to publish well-design clinical trial based on the variety of results of experimental studies.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2020

미국 메리놀 외방전교회가 1953년부터 1969년까지 관할한 충북 지역 (청주교구)에 건축한 18개 성당은 다른 카톨릭 외방 전교단체가 건축한 성당과 달리 특정한 건축 양식에 얽매이지 않는다. 청주교구의 최고 위계이자 대표 성당인 청주 내덕동 주교좌성당도 마찬가지이다. 그런데 이 성당은 교구 내 다른 성당과 구별되는 독특한 건축적 특징을 지닌다. 본 연구는 이 특징은 무엇인지, 어떤 방식으로 구현되었는지 살펴보고, 그 기원을 추적하여 미국 메리놀 외방전교회본부(1932)에서 건축 모티브를 가져왔음을 고찰한 후, 일제강점기(1923-1942) 메리놀회 관할 평양교구 주요 성당의 건축적 특징이 그 전례가 되었고 여기에서 파디(James V. Pardy) 주교 및 건축 전문가 박태봉(朴泰鳳)이 가교 역할을 했음을 밝힌다. 이를 바탕으로 내덕동 주교좌성당이 메리놀회의 해방 전후(1922-1969) 성당 건축사 및 한국 근대 성당 건축사에서 가지는 의의를 정리한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 새로 발굴한 건축도면, 사진, 텍스트 등 1차 사료를 주로 활용하는 문헌 연구방법을 취한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to build a systematic frame for effective marketing performances by prioritizing product type and pertinent channel that are appropriate for digital channel characteristics. FCB grid model was used to define a product type, and Internet communication satisfaction index was considered as a marketing performance measuring tool for digital channel. Research design, data, and methodology - As systematic understanding for Digital marketing is still unfamiliar to even professional marketer, the hypothesis was established based on preliminary research by conducting a qualitative survey of marketing experts who already experienced digital marketing in the fields as well as existing related study literature. Through a preliminary research, the degree for understanding for digital marketing, current digital marketing (including product/channel mix) execution status, and difficulties for marketers who had experienced digital marketing were figured out. Based on preliminary research, the main part of survey was designed to examine which type of product would be effective for digital marketing and which digital channel would be effective to achieve marketing performance in line with marketing objectives. To collect data, the questionnaire survey was conducted for professional marketers who had experienced digital marketing in 10 different fields including FMCG, cosmetics, distribution industry for one month (July, 10, 2014~Aug, 10, 2014). A total of 90 questionnaire were distributed and 66 questionnaires were used for the analysis, excluding the unanswered and insincere questionnaires. The data were analysed using SPSS ver.18.0. Results - The analysis for product type which is pertinent to digital marketing and prioritization for digital channel per digital marketing performance type could be summarized as followings. First, high involvement buying decision type of product and rational purchasing decision type of product in FCB grid are more effective for digital marketing in terms of marketing performance. Therefore, marketers in field would prioritize considering product type before executing digital marketing. Second, factor for sales increase, potential consumer creation and brand awareness was represented respectively 31.25%, 21.9%, and 20.8% as a result of factor analysis in terms of digital marketing channel performance. Third, effective major digital channel per digital marketing performance factor was differently identified as each digital channel has its own peculiarity. For instance, search engine is more effective for increasing sales while social media such as facebook and Kakaotalk is more effective for encouraging consumer participation. Conclusions - As a result of this study, product type and peculiarity which were pertinently fit to digital marketing were identified by using FCB grid model, and also suggested framework for decision making of digital channel selection in line with marketing objectives for effective marketing performance. It also provided insight to professional marketer which type of product could be effective for digital marketing execution as well as which factors should be measured for digital marketing performance.