• Title/Summary/Keyword: Linkage model

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Linkage Analysis of the Three Loci Determining Rind Color and Stripe Pattern in Watermelon

  • Yang, Hee-Bum;Park, Sung-woo;Park, Younghoon;Lee, Gung Pyo;Kang, Sun-Cheol;Kim, Yong Kwon
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.559-565
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    • 2015
  • The rind phenotype of watermelon fruits is an important agronomic characteristic in the watermelon market. Inheritance and linkage analyses were performed for three rind-related traits that together determine the rind phenotype: foreground stripe pattern, rind background color, and depth of rind color. The inheritance of the foreground stripe pattern was analyzed using three different $F_2$ populations, showing that the striped pattern is dominant over the non-striped pattern. The inheritance analysis of the rind background color was performed using $F_2$ populations of the '10909' and '109905', and the depth of rind color was analyzed using $F_2$ populations of the '90509' and '109905'. Yellow color was found to be dominant over green color, and a deep color was dominant over the standard color. Linkage analysis of the three traits was conducted using three $F_2$ populations in which two traits were segregating. Each pair of traits was inherited independently, which demonstrated that the three traits are not linked. Therefore, we propose a three-locus model for the determination of rind phenotype, providing novel insight that rind phenotype is determined by the combination of three genetically independent loci.

Statistical Algorithm in Genetic Linkage Based on Haplotypes (일배체형에 기초한 연쇄분석의 통계학적 알고리즘 연구)

  • Kim, Jin-Heum;Kang, Dae-Ryong;Lee, Yun-Kyung;Shin, Sun-Mi;Suh, Il;Nam, Chung-Mo
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.366-372
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    • 2004
  • Objectives : This study was conducted to propose a new transmission/disequilibrium test(TDT) to test the linkage between genetic markers and disease-susceptibility genes based on haplotypes. Simulation studies were performed to compare the proposed method with that of Zhao et al. in terms of type I error probability and powers. Methods : We estimated the haplotype frequencies using the expectation-maximization(EM) algorithm with parents genotypes taken from a trio dataset, and then constructed a two-way contingency table containing estimated frequencies to all possible pairs of parents haplotypes. We proposed a score test based on differences between column marginals and their corresponding row marginals. The test also involved a covariance structure of marginal differences and their variances. In simulation, we considered a coalescent model with three genetic markers of biallele to investigate the performance of the proposed test under six different configurations. Results : The haplotype-based TDT statistics, our test and Zhao et al.'s test satisfied a type I error probability, but the TDT test based on single locus showed a conservative trend. As expected, the tests based on haplotypes also had better powers than those based on single locus. Our test and that of Zhao et al. were comparable in powers. Conclusion : We proposed a TDT statistic based on haplotypes and showed through simulations that our test was more powerful than the single locus-based test. We will extend our method to multiplex data with affected and/or unaffected sibling(s) or simplex data having only one parent s genotype.

A New Method for Imputation of Missing Genotype using Linkage Disequilibrium and Haplotype Information (결측치가 존재하는 유전형 자료에서의 연관불균형과 일배체형을 사용한 결측치 대치 방법)

  • Park Yun-Ju;Kim Young-Jin;Park Jung-Sun;Kim Kuchan;Koh Insong;Jung Ho-Youl
    • Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.99-107
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    • 2005
  • In this paper, wc propose a now missing imputation method for minimizing loss of information linkage disequilibrium-based and haplotype-based imputation method, which estimate missing values of the data based on the specificity of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP) genotype data. Method for imputing data is needed to minimize the loss of information caused by experimental missing data. In general, missing imputation of biological data has used major allele imputation method. but this approach is not optima]. 1'his method has high error rates of missing values estimation since the characteristics of the genotype data are not considered not take into consideration the specific structure of the data. In this paper, we show the results of the comparative evaluation of our model methods and major imputation method for the estimation of missing values.

Potential of the Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Using Crossbred Population

  • Yang, Shulin;Zhu, Zhengmao;Li, Kui
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.1675-1683
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    • 2005
  • In the process of crossbreeding, the linkage disequilibria between the quantitative trait loci (QTL) and their linked markers were reduced gradually with increasing generations. To study the potential of QTL mapping using the crossbred population, we presented a mixed effect model that treated the mean allelic value of the different founder populations as the fixed effect and the allelic deviation from the population mean as random effect. It was assumed that there were fifty QTLs having effect on the trait variation, the population mean and variance were divided to each QTL in founder generation in our model. Only the additive effect was considered in this model for simulation. Six schemes (S1-S6) of crossbreeding were studied. The selection index was used to evaluate the synthetic breeding value of two traits of the individual in the scheme of S2, S4 and S6, and the individuals with high selection index were chosen as the parents of the next generation. Random selection was used in the scheme of S1, S3 and S5. In this study, we premised a QTL explained 40% of the genetic variance was located in a region of 20 cM by the linkage analysis previously. The log likelihood ratio (log LR) was calculated to determine the presence of a QTL at the particular chromosomal position in each of the generations from the fourth to twentieth. The profiles of log LR and the number of the highest log LR located in the region of 5, 10 and 20 cM were compared between different generations and schemes. The profiles and the correct number reduced gradually with the generations increasing in the schemes of S2, S4 and S6, but both of them increased in the schemes of S1, S3 and S5. From the results, we concluded that the crossbreeding population undergoing random selection was suitable for improving the resolution of QTL mapping. Even experiencing index selection, there was still enough variation existing within the crossbred population before the fourteenth generation that could be used to refine the location of QTL in the chromosome region.

The role of the digital culture contents industry in the knowledge economy: An input-output analysis (디지털 문화 콘텐츠 산업이 지식경제사회에 미치는 파급효과 분석)

  • Shin, Yong Jae;Lee, Dong Hyun
    • Knowledge Management Research
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.73-89
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    • 2016
  • The digital culture contents is one of the fastest growing industry in Korea and it accounts for 60% of the digital contents industry. This paper attempts to analyze economic impacts of the digital culture contents industry using input-output analysis. This study investigated the production-inducing effect, value-added-inducing effect and employment-inducing effect of the digital culture contents industry based on a demand-driven model. In addition, the study dealt with the supply shortage effect and sectoral price effect of the digital culture contents industry using a supply-driven model and the Leontief price model, including the inter-industry linkage effects of 29 sectors with the digital culture contents industry sector. Some interesting findings were drawn from the study. First, production of 1.0 won in the digital culture contents industry results in production-inducing effect of 2.39542 won, value-added effect of 1.29895 won and employment-inducing effect of 0.39657 persons in other industries. Second, the supply shortage of 1.0 won in the digital culture contents industry prevents other industries from producing 0.56631 won. Third, a 1% increase in the price level of the digital culture contents industry raises the overall price level by 0.06017%. Finally, very high backward linkage effects were found, but forward linkage effects were minimal.

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BRAWII: Business Process Modeling Tool for BPR (BRAWII: BPR을 위한 업무흐름모형과 도구)

  • 박성주;김한섭;김상구;한동욱
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 1998.10a
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    • pp.289-293
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    • 1998
  • Two reasons for the low success rate of the practical implementation of BPR are the lack of good models and consideration of information system development stage in a BPR project. This paper suggests an Integrated Business Process Model (IBPM), which incorporates two distinct but interrelated points of view: form and business process. By integrating the form model with the business process model, the IBPM has advantages in performing BPR projects; it helps to build the model, to analyze and redesign business processes, and to do requirement analysis of information systems. This paper also suggests a new BPR supporting tool, BRAWII(Business Reengineering Assistance Workbench version 2.0). BRAWIIsupports IBPM and manages full stages of BPR project. In the design of BRAWII, the linkage between results of a BPR project and requirements for information system development is considered.

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A Spatial-temporal POI Data Model for Implementing Location-based Services

  • Park, Junho;Kang, Hye-Young;Lee, Jiyeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.609-618
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    • 2016
  • Since demand for location-based services increases and the relevant service becomes more diverse, the use of POI (Point of Interest) is being required in various fields. Various roles of POI for display, search and inquiry exist, but the implementation and expression of such roles are partially limited. Therefore, the data model for implementation is suggested in this paper to enable practical implementation, expression and inquiry of POI data. The data model was developed based on 3 roles of POI including search, expression and linkage, and especially, the spatial relationship between POI objects which was not suggested in previous data models is considered and time series scheme is suggested to enable various expressions and inquiries in application services.

기업경쟁우위 분석의 개념적 모형개발

  • 이국철;전성현
    • Korean Management Science Review
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.73-88
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    • 1989
  • This paper presents a model for analyzing a firm's competitive position. The model utilizes M. Porter's Value Chain concept and develops a framework for analyzing a firm's cost structure and identifying the sources of a firm's competitive advantage. The paper first discusses the nature of a firm's competitive advantage and identifies different types of competitive advantage a firm can pursue. The paper then introduces the concepts of cost driver and its linkage as a new way of examining organizations, and develops a model for analyzng a firm's competitive advantage. Next, it illustrates detailed procedures of the model by applying it into a real world organization, and draws some strategic implications for the organization. Finally, the paper discusses the limitations of the research and suggest future related research.

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A study on 1D modeling techniques for collision analysis of train coupling (열차의 1차원 연결 해석 모델링 기법 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung-Jun;Koo, Jeong-Seo
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2006.11b
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    • pp.1203-1209
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    • 2006
  • One dimensional collision analysis is often used to simulate a train-to-train coupling or collision accident. But there are various numerical modeling techniques utilized for dynamic models of rolling stocks such as a lumped-spring-mass model or a bar-mass model. In rolling stock industries, a lumped-spring-mass model is mainly applied without consideration of bogie attachments separately. In this case, a dynamic stiffness coefficient is introduced to compensate the overestimated car mass effects due to the linkage stiffness of bogies and seats. In this paper, the effects of dynamic stiffness coefficients and wheel-rail friction coefficients were studied by simulating a bar-mass model with bogie attachments separately.

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Fault Analysis of IPM type BLDC Motor Using Nonlinear Modeling of Stator Inter Turn Faults (고정자 절연파괴 비선형 모델링을 이용한 매입형 영구자석 전동기의 고장분석)

  • Kim, Kyung-Tae;Hur, Jin
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.60 no.3
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    • pp.531-537
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    • 2011
  • This paper proposes a finite element method (FEM)-based model of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) type BLDC motor having stator inter-turn faults. For more realistic simulation studies, the magnetic non-linearity is also considered in proposed model. And the simulation data are verified through experiment. By integrating the developed model with a current-controlled voltage source inverter (CCVSI) model, the characteristics of an inter-turn fault operated by six-switched inverter are investigated considering the speed control. And the circulating current, which is induced by magnetic linkage flux originated from PM, was analyzed from the view point of distortion of air-gap magnetic flux distribution caused deterioration of their torque.