• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권8호
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• pp.1151-1156
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• 2013

In this study, to clearly establish the concept of a geometric modeling I apply for the concept of Pushbroom, limited to two-dimensional radiation Locator to provide a three-dimensional information purposes. Respect to the radiation scanner Pushbroom modeling techniques, geometric modeling method was presented introduced to extract three-dimensional information as long as the rotational component of the Gamma-Ray Linear Pushbroom Stereo System, introduced the two-dimensional and three-dimensional spatial information in the matching relation that can be induced. In addition, the pseudo-inverse matrix by using the conventional least-squares method, GCP(Ground Control Point) to demonstrate compliance by calculating the key parameters. Projection transformation matrix is calculated for obtaining three-dimensional information from two-dimensional information can be used as the primary relationship, and through the application of a radiation image matching technology will make it possible to extract three-dimensional information from two-dimensional X-ray imaging.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.205-207
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• 2004

The simple method of the geometric reconstruction of satellite linear pushbroom images is investigated. The model of the sensor used is based on the SPOT model that is developed by Kraiky. The satellite trajectory is a Keplerian trajectory in the approximation. Four orbital parameters, longitude of the ascending $node(\omega),$ inclination of the orbit plan(I), latitude argument of the satellite(W) and distance between earth center and satellite, are used for the camera modeling. We suppose that four orbital parameters and satellite attitude angles are exactly acquired. Then, in order to refine model, the given attitude angles and orbital parameters is not changed, but time-independent four parameters associated with LOS(Line Of Sight) vector is updated. A pair of SPOT-5 images has been used for validation of proposed method. Two GCPs acquired by GPS survey is used to controlling the LOS vector. The results are that the RMSE of 16 checking points are about 4.5m. Because the ground resolution of SPOT-5 is 2.5m, the result obtained in this study has a good accuracy. It demonstrates that the sensor model developed by this study can be used to reconstruct the geometry of satellite image taken by pushbroom camera.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
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• pp.860-863
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• 2006

Epipolar images have to be generated to stereo display aerial images or satellite images. Pushbroom sensor is used to acquire high resolution satellite images. These satellite images have curvilinear epipolar lines unlike the epipolar lines of frame images, which are straight lines. The aforementioned fact makes it difficult to generate epipolar images for pushbroom satellite images. If we assume a linear transition of the sensor having constant speed and attitude during image acquisition, we can generate epipolar images based on parallel projection model (2D Affine model). Recent high resolution images are provided with RPC values so that we can exploit these values to generate epipolar images without using ground control points and tie point. This paper provides a procedure based on the parallel projection model for generating epipolar images directly from a stereo IKONOS images, and experimental results.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2006

Epipolar images have to be generated to stereo display aerial images or satellite images. Pushbroom sensor is used to acquire high resolution satellite images. These satellite images have curvilinear epipolar lines unlike the epipolar lines of frame images, which are straight lines. The aforementioned fact makes it difficult to generate epipolar images for pushbroom satellite images. If we assume a linear transition of the sensor having constant speed and attitude during image acquisition, we can generate epipolar images based on parallel projection model (20 Affine model). Recent high resolution images are provided with RPC values so that we can exploit these values to generate epipolar images without using ground control points and tie point. This paper provides a procedure based on the parallel projection model for generating epipolar images directly from a stereo IKONOS images, and experimental results.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.483-496
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• 2008

Qualified ground control points (GCPs) are required to construct a digital elevation model (DEM) from a pushbroom stereo pair. An inverse geolocation algorithm for extracting GCPs from ERS SAR data and the SRTM DEM was recently developed. However, not all GCPs established by this method are accurate enough for direct application to the geometric correction of pushbroom images such as SPOT, IRS, etc, and thus a method for selecting and removing inaccurate points from the sets of GCPs is needed. In this study, we propose a method for evaluating GCP accuracy and winnowing sets of GCPs through orientation modeling of pushbroom image and validate performance of this method using SPOT stereo pair of Daejon City. It has been found that the statistical distribution of GCP positional errors is approximately Gaussian without bias, and that the residual errors estimated by orientation modeling have a linear relationship with the positional errors. Inaccurate GCPs have large positional errors and can be iteratively eliminated by thresholding the residual errors. Forty-one GCPs were initially extracted for the test, with mean the positional error values of 25.6m, 2.5m and -6.1m in the X-, Y- and Z-directions, respectively, and standard deviations of 62.4m, 37.6m and 15.0m. Twenty-one GCPs were eliminated by the proposed method, resulting in the standard deviations of the positional errors of the 20 final GCPs being reduced to 13.9m, 8.5m and 7.5m in the X-, Y- and Z-directions, respectively. Orientation modeling of the SPOT stereo pair was performed using the 20 GCPs, and the model was checked against 15 map-based points. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the model were 10.4m, 7.1m and 12.1m in X-, Y- and Z-directions, respectively. A SPOT DEM with a 20m ground resolution was successfully constructed using a automatic matching procedure.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 pushbroom 형태의 선형 CCD 카메라로부터 촬영한 고해상도 위성 영상의 정사투영 알고리즘을 소개한다. 정사투영은 토기기하학적 보정, 정밀기하학적 보정에 이은 위성 영상 전처리의 최종단계이며 정사투영법을 사용하는 정밀 지형도 제작을 위해 반드시 필요하다. 정사투영 영상을 생성하기 위해 카메라 모델은 기존에 본 학회지에 소개된 바 있는 카메라 모델 및 reampling 알고리즘(신동석, 이영란, 1997), 정밀카메라모델 결정 알고리즘(신동석 외, 1998)을 사용하였고 지형의 표고 데이터를 이용하여 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 여러 가지 시험 결과에서도 볼 수 있듯이 개발된 정사투영 알고리즘은 투시법(perspective projection)을 사용한 영상에서 지표의 고도에 따른 시차를 정확히 제거한다. 그리고 정사투영의 최종 절대 정확도는 정밀 카메라 모델을 생성하기 뒤해 사용된 GCP(Ground Control Point)의 정확도 및 사용되는 수치표고 데이터의 정확도에 의존함에도 유의해야한다.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2002

The rational polynomial coefficients (RPC) model is a generalized sensor model that is used as an alternative solution for the physical sensor model for IKONOS of the Space Imaging. As the number of sensors increases along with greater complexity, and the standard sensor model is needed, the applicability of the RPC model is increasing. The RPC model has the advantages in being able to substitute for all sensor models, such as the projective, the linear pushbroom and the SAR. This report aimed to generate a RPC model from the physical sensor model of the KOMPSAT-1(Korean Multi-Purpose Satellite) and aerial photography. The KOMPSAT-1 collects 510~730 nm panchromatic imagery with a ground sample distance (GSD) of 6.6 m and a swath width of 17 km by pushbroom scanning. The least square solution was used to estimate the RPC. In addition, data normalization and regularization were applied to improve the accuracy and minimize noise. This study found that the RPC model is suitable for both KOMPSAT-1 and aerial photography.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2002

RFM은 OGC (Open GIS Consortium)에서 권고하는 지구관측영상에 대한 표준기하모델 중 하나이다. 또한 RFM은 1m의 공간해상도를 제공하는 상업목적의 위성 IKONOS의 최종 사용자를 위한 센서 모델로서 RPC를 RFM을 위한 매개변수로서 영상과 함께 제공하고 있다. 그러나 영상의 최종사용자가 더욱 정확한 공간정보의 획득을 위해 추가적인 노력을 시도하는 경우, IKONOS는 물리적 센서모델을 위한 보조적인 정보의 제공이 미흡하기 때문에 추상적인 센서모델이나 수학적인 센서모델을 도입하게 된다. Pushbroom DLT와 같은 추상적인 센서모델을 적용하기 위해서는 영상 전체에 고르게 분포하는 다수의 GCP를 관측해야 하며, RFM과 같은 수학적인 센서모델을 적용하기 위해서도 더욱 많은 수의 GCP가 필요하게 된다. 따라서 가장 효율적인 방법은 가장 적은 수의 기준점을 이용하여 영상과 함께 제공되는 RPC를 개선하는 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 소수의 추가적인 UP를 이용하여 IKONOS의 RPC를 개량하는 2가지 방법을 제안한다. 첫 번째는 소수의 지상기준점과 normalized cubic 내에 설치된 가상의 기준점을 이용하여 RPC를 갱신하는 방법이고, 두 번째는 매개변수에 대한 관측을 도입하여 $1^{\sim}5$개의 소수 지상기준점 만으로 RPC를 갱신하는 방법이다. 본 연구에서 갱신된 RPC는 검사점을 통해 검증한 결과 갱신 전보다 RMSE가 50% 정도 개선된 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2009

This paper investigates stereo 3D viewing for linear pushbroom satellite images using the Orbit-Attitude Model proposed by Kim (2006) and using OpenGL graphic library in Digital Photogrammetry Workstation. 3D viewing is tested with KOMPSAT-2 satellite stereo images, a large number of GCPs (Ground control points) collected by GPS surveying and orbit-attitude sensor model as a rigorous sensor model. Comparison is carried out by two accuracy measurements: the accuracy of orbit-attitude modeling with bundle adjustment and accuracy analysis of errors in x and y parallaxes. This research result will help to understand the nature of 3D objects for high resolution satellite images, and we will be able to measure accurate 3D object space coordinates in virtual or real 3D environment.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2014

In this study, using X-ray cargo container scanning device and to differentiate the concept of three-dimensional information extraction applied for X-ray scanning device as an ingredient in the rotation of the X-Ray Linear Pushbroom Stereo System by introducing the geometric How to model was introduced. Three-dimensional information obtained through the matching of a single voxel space filled with a random vector operations for each voxel in the three dimensional shape reconstruction algorithm using the definition, and in time, the time required for each step were analyzed. Using OpenCV in each step by applying parallelization techniques approximately 1.8 times improvement in the processing time of the check, but do not meet the target within one minute levels. The other hand, X-ray images by the primary process to convert the point View the results of real-time stereo through a three-dimensional could feel the comfort level.