• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.159-175
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• 2015

The two-dimensional QR code has advantages such as directional nature, enough data storage capacity, ability of error correction, and ability of data restoration. There are two major issues like speed and correctiveness of recognition in the two-dimensional QR code. Therefore, this paper proposes a morphology-based algorithm of detecting the interest region of a barcode. Our research contents can be summarized as follows. First, the interest region of a barcode image was detected by close operations in morphology. Second, after that, the boundary of the barcode are detected by intersecting four cross line outside in a code. Three, the projected image is then rectified into a two-dimensional barcode in a square shape by the reverse-perspective transform. In result, it shows that our detection and recognition rates for the barcode image is also 97.20% and 94.80%, respectively and that outperforms than previous methods in various illumination and distorted image environments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.643-645
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• 2013

When you convert word processor files with large amounts of input data to PDF files in on/off line, current PDF conversion solutions do one of the source files to perform the conversion task in the Windows PDF virtual printer environment. Depending on the size of the original PDF file conversion speed to convert PDF to do a large amount of different and if you are performing a very slow speed. When you convert files to PDF in this sequence, depending on the capacity of the original file, PDF conversion rate is different, if automating a mass conversion to the PDF, the speed is very slow. In this paper, the PDF conversion which can use the Windows Terminal Server from one Windows Server when performing a PDF conversion processing of the source file, to create a multi-session Terminal, to perform the PDF conversion process at the same time was studied.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2005

Human embryonic stem (hES) cells, unlike most cells derived from adult or fetal human tissues, represent a potentially unlimited source of various cell types for basic clinical research. To meet the increased demand for characterized hES cell lines, we established and characterized nine new lines obtained from frozen-thawed pronucleus-stage embryos. In addition, we improved the derivation efficiency from inner cell masses (to 47.4%) and optimized culture conditions for undifferentiated hES cells. After these cell lines had been maintained for over a year in vitro, they were characterized comprehensively for expression of markers of undifferentiated hES cells, karyotype, and in vitro/in vivo differentiation capacity. All of the cell lines were pluripotent, and one cell line was trisomic for chromosome 3. Improved culture techniques for hES cells should make them a good source for diverse applications in regenerative medicine, but further investigation is needed of their basic biology.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.476-484
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• 2018

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (steamed and dried white ginseng, Panax ginseng Meyer) is well known for enhancing vital energy and immune capacity and for inhibiting cancer cell growth. Some clinical studies also demonstrated a therapeutic potential of ginseng extract for treating lung inflammatory disorders. This study was conducted to establish the therapeutic potential of ginseng saponins on the lung inflammatory response. Methods: From Korean Red Ginseng, 11 ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3, and Rh2) were isolated. Their inhibitory potential and action mechanism were evaluated using a mouse model of lung inflammation, acute lung injury induced by intranasal lipopolysaccharide administration. Their anti-inflammatory activities were also examined in lung epithelial cell line (A549) and alveolar macrophage (MH-S). Results: All ginsenosides orally administered at 20 mg/kg showed 11.5-51.6% reduction of total cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Among the ginsenosides, Rc, Re, Rg1, and Rh2 exhibited significant inhibitory action by reducing total cell numbers in the BALF by 34.1-51.6% (n = 5). Particularly, Re showed strong and comparable inhibitory potency with that of dexamethasone, as judged by the number of infiltrated cells and histological observations. Re treatment clearly inhibited the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$, and the c-Fos component in the lung tissue (n = 3). Conclusion: Certain ginsenosides inhibit lung inflammatory responses by interrupting these signaling molecules and they are potential therapeutics for inflammatory lung diseases.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.53-69
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to explore the ecosystem service and benefit indicators of natural seaweed beds. Ecosystems of natural seaweed beds provide a wide range of services and benefits to human society including provisioning services, regulating services, supporting services, and cultural services. Indicators for each of the ecosystem services are chosen by marine plants ecologists and as follows. Ecosystem indicators of natural seaweed beds for provisioning services are well-being food(amount of seaweed harvested/amount of fish landed, fish biomass, area of natural seaweed beds, the number of species, contribution to the second production), raw materials(amount of biomass by breed, amount of aquaculture feed), genetic resources(amount of genetic material extracted, amount of genetic material contained by age and habitat), and medicinal resources(amount of medicinal material extracted). Ecosystem indicators of natural seaweed beds for regulating services are air purification(amount of fine dust/NOx or $SO_2$ captured), climate regulation(amount of $CO_2$ sequestered), waste treatment(amount of N, P stored, biochemical degradation capacity COD), and costal erosion prevention(length and change of natural coast line, amount of sediment prevented). Ecosystem indicators of natural seaweed beds for supporting services are lifecycle and maintenance(primary production, contribution to the second production) and gene pool protection(amount of compositional factors in ecosystem, introduced species). Ecosystem indicators of natural seaweed beds for cultural services are recreation and tourism(the number of visits of an area) and information for cognitive development(amount of time spent in education, research and individual learning about ecosystem of natural seaweed beds).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2010

Acanthopanax Koreanum stem (AK) has been used in Korea as a tonic and sedative as well as a drug with ginseng like activities. The purpose of our present study was to investigate the effects of AK extract (AKE) and Eleutheroside E, major component of AKE on an exacerbated immune function through utilization of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) diet by using forced swimming test (FST). The immobility time were significantly decreased in the AKE or Eleutheroside E-administrated group compared with the control group on the FST (P < 0.05). The level of blood parameters were not changed significantly. PEM-induced weight loss of mice was reduced by oral administration of 500 mg/kg AKE. AKE oral administration improved the nutritional status such as the food efficiency ratio and the adrenal gland weight. AKE treatment significantly increased the production of interferon (IFN)-$\gamma$ compared with unstimulated splenocytes but not interleukin (IL)-4. Eleutheroside E also significantly increased the IFN-$\gamma$ production but not IL-2 and IL-4 in T cell line, MOLT-4 cells. These results suggest that AKE and Eleutheroside E may influence to immune-enhancing through increasing the physical endurance capacity and immune cell activation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.540-547
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• 2017

This study examined the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of 22 commercial coffees, including two americano-type regular coffees, seven instant coffee mix coffees and 13 vending machine coffees. The seven instant coffee mixes and 13 vending machine coffees contained sugar and coffee creamer. Coffee samples with sugar and coffee creamer had higher pH values than regular coffee (p<0.05). Additionally, coffees with sugar and coffee creamer were significantly higher in total phenolics (p<0.05), total flavonoids (p<0.05) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (p<0.05). On-line HPLC-ABTS analyses indicated that antioxidant activities of instant coffees with sugar and coffee creamer were clearly different from those of regular coffee.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.60-67
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• 2008

This paper presents a new full-bridge soft switching PWM DC-DC converter circuit topology that adding two switcher, two lossless snubber quasi-resonance capacity, two diode to power source for general welding machine. This half bridge soft switching Is low voltage hight current output that first coil current is smaller than second coil current in high frequency transformer can be obtained with decreasing path loss in conventional DC bus line switcher. As it operate ZCS/ZVS in full range, high frequency, high efficiency and high output are implemented at low voltage and high DC current switching power supplies. All of this items are got from simulation and the result of experiment. If make up for the weak points of this proposed circuit, it will be used more easily for next generation TIG, MIG and MAG type of arc-welding machine.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1999

To investigate and compare the effects of air pollution near Seoul on soil ion, plant nutrient contents and plant growth, 14 Quercus mongolica forests were studied from Mt. Namsan in Seoul to Mt. Maebongsan in Kangwon-Do along the line transect. Soil pH values decreased as approached to Seoul. Concentrations of basic cations such as exchangeable Ca/sup 2+/, Mg/sup 2+/ and Na/sup +/ and effective cation exchange capacity(ECEC) in forest soil decreased as approached to Seoul. Ca/sup 2+/ and Mg/sup 2+/ contents in l-year-old Q. mongolica twigs decreased, but their K/sup +/ and Na/sup +/ contents increased as approached to Seoul. Ca/sup 2+/ contents in l-year-old Q. mongolica leaves decreased, but their K/sup +/ and Mg/sup 2+/ contents increased as approached to Seoul. Length of l-year-old twigs generally decreased near Seoul. Tree-ring analyses of Q. mongolica trees in Mt. Namsan and Mt. Yebongsan showed that mean tree-ring width in Mt. Namsan was narrower than that of Mt. Yebongsan from early 1970's to late 1980's.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.42-51
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• 1997

The satellite channel with a line-of-sight signal component is modeled by a shadowed Rician fading channel. We adopt a direct-sequence / code division multiple access (DS / CDMA), which has the advantage to suppress the multipath effect and increase the user capacity. The performance which is evaluated by bit error probability is subjected to the influence of branch number, multi-user number, and spreading code-length. As the result of the analysis, performance advance is achieved with multi-user number decreasing, number of brnaches increasing, and spreading code-length increasing as chip duration is constant. To use both of diversity combining scheme and channel coding is more efficient for performance improvement than the case using diversity combining scheme only. The use of BCH coding and convolutional coding shows better consequence than Hamming coding. Totally, the performance degradation for heavy shadowing is much larger than that for light and average shadowing as heavy shadowing decreases LOS signal.