• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1994

In order to estimate the utilization pattern of a rural health subcenter, and to identify the recognition for it among the inhabitants in Kogsung district, a questionnaire survey was carried out for objects of 708 population. The results observed were as follows; 1. The annual utilization rate of a rural health subcenter for a basic health service unit was 27.5 per 100 persons, and annual mean visiting times was 1.43 times. 2. The most frequent disease by, annual health subcenter utilization illness was respiratory disease(26.5%), and the next was musculoskeletal disease(23.9%), gastrointestinal disease(15.9%) by order. 3. Favorite reasons for community health subcenter utilization were lower medical cost(23.4%), near distance from living place(20.7%) and lower disease severity(19.5%) by order. But disfavorite reasons for it were non effective treatment(26.2%), insufficient equipment(25.4%) and absence of specialist(17.4%) by order. 4. Insufficient items about community health subcenter utilization were restriction of treatment limit(47.1%), lower reliance(22.4%) and not punctral(21.8%) by order. 5. The results of logistic regression analysis suggested that statistically significant factors in health subcenter utilization were age, educational level and the nearest medical facility class. 6. There was no difference between recognition for a community health subcenter's work and actual utilizing service, and desirable works for it were disease preventing service, disease control of elderly and sanitation control by order. These results suggested that to increase the utilization of rural health subcenter and to promote the accessibility of rural residents to primary health care, there must be considered public relation about health subcenter, expansion of health equipment and recognition about access time.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.596-603
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• 2004

This paper proposes an expert system based on the pattern recognition method which can enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of real-time bus reconfiguration strategy for the transfer of faulted load when a main transformer fault occurs in the automated substation. The minimum distance classification method is adopted as the pattern recognition method of expert system. The training pattern set is designed MTr by MTr to minimize the searching time for target load pattern which is similar to the real-time load pattern. But the control pattern set, which is required to determine the corresponding bus reconfiguration strategy to these trained load pattern set is designed as one table by considering the efficiency of knowledge base design because its size is small. The training load pattern generator based on load level and the training load pattern generator based on load profile are designed, which are can reduce the size of each training pattern set from max L/sup (m+f)/ to the size of effective level. Here, L is the number of load level, m and f are the number of main transformers and the number of feeders. The one reduces the number of trained load pattern by setting the sawmiller patterns to a same pattern, the other reduces by considering only load pattern while the given period. And control pattern generator based on exhaustive search method with breadth-limit is designed, which generates the corresponding bus reconfiguration strategy to these trained load pattern set. The inference engine of the expert system and the substation database and knowledge base is implemented in MFC function of Visual C++ Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed expert system is verified by comparing the best-first search solution and pattern recognition solution based on diversity event simulations for typical distribution substation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2010

In this paper, we studied WVTR(water vapor transmission rate) properties of $Si_3N_4$ thin film that was deposited using TCP-CVD (transformer coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition) method for the possibility of OLED(organic light emitting diode) encapsulation. Considering the conventional OLED processing temperature limit of below $80^{\circ}C$, the $Si_3N_4$ thin films were deposited at room temperature. The $Si_3N_4$ thin films were prepared with the process conditions: $SiH_4$ and $N_2$, as reactive gases; working pressure below 15 mTorr; RF power for TCP below 500 W. Through MOCON test for WVTR, we analyzed water vapor permeation per day. We obtained that WVTR property below 6~0.05 gm/$m^2$/day at process conditions. The best preparation condition for $Si_3N_4$ thin film to get the best WVTR property of 0.05 gm/$m^2$/day were $SiH_4:N_2$ gas flow rate of 10:200 sccm, working pressure of 10 mTorr, working distance of 70 mm, TCP power of 500 W and film thickness of 200 nm. respectively. The proposed results indicates that the $Si_3N_4$ thin film could replace metal or glass as encapsulation for flexible OLED.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.346-353
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• 2013

Objectives: The goal of this study is to identify the distribution of the foliar fluorine content of vegetation surrounding the area where hydrofluoric acid was accidently released in Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do on September 27, 2012. In addition, it also aims to estimate the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the air on the day of the accident. Methods: Samples of plant leaves were collected on October 7, 2012 within 1 km from the site where the accident occurred. These samples were analyzed for soluble fluorine ion with an ion selective electrode. The ambient concentration of hydrogen fluoride was calculated using the fluoride content in the plant via the dose-rate equation (${\Delta}F$=KCT). Results: The arithmetic and geometric means of the concentrations were 2158.2 and 1183.7mg F $kg^{-1}$ for leaves and, 2.4 and 1.1 ppm HF for the air, respectively. The highest concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the air was 14.7 ppm, which is higher than the maximum concentration reported by the government (1 ppm) and the exposure limit (ceiling, 3 ppm). The concentrations of both fluorine and hydrogen fluoride decreased with increasing distance from the accident site and showed a significant decrease outside of a 500m radius from the site (p <0.05). Conclusions: The area around the accident site was highly polluted with hydrogen fluoride according to the results of this study. Considering the persistency of hydrogen fluoride in the environment, long-term monitoring and environmental impact assessment should be pursued.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2014

방사선치료에서는 환자 체내에 전달된 선량이 원래 의도한 데로 분포되는 지 확인하기 위하여 균질한 팬텀을 이용한 정도 관리를 치료 전에 주로 시행하고 있다. 하지만 균질한 팬텀을 이용한 정도 관리는 표면이 불규칙적이고 불균질한 인체에 대한 선량분포를 완전히 보증해 주지는 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 환자를 투과하는 선량의 분포를 측정하여 역으로 환자체내 선량 분포를 계산하는 투과선량 기반 체내선량 검증프로그램을 개발하였다. 투과선량은 주방사선과 산란방사선으로 이루어져 있는데, 본 연구에서는 전자포탈영상장치로 측정한 선량분포로부터 주방사선만을 이용한 간단한 식으로 환자체내선량분포를 계산하는 프로그램과 감마값 분포를 평가하여 두 선량분포를 서로 비교할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 계산한 팬텀의 등중심점을 지나는 관상면의 체내선량 분포는 치료계획시스템에서 제공하는 동일 평면의 선량분포와의 비교결과 균질팬텀에서 평균 95%, 비균질팬텀에서 81.8%의 감마통과율을 보였다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2012

최근 R&D 투자효율성 제고를 목표로 사업 간의 유사중복 조정에 대한 중요성이 강조되고 있으나, 과제 혹은 예산요구서 내용 등을 텍스트 기반으로 비교하는 기존 유사검색 방식은 내용의 품질 편차 등으로 인해 유의미한 유사성 도출에 제한점이 있다. 이러한 텍스트 기반의 키워드 추출을 통한 유사검색 한계성을 극복하기 위한 방안으로 본 연구에서는 사업 간 유사도 분석 시 과제의 기술분류를 활용한다. 국가R&D사업 조사 분석 시 수집된 과제들의 과학기술표준분류를 추출하여 사업별 고유벡터 모형을 생성 후 이를 이용하여 코사인 기반, 유클리디안 거리기반 알고리즘을 통해 각 사업 간 유사도를 측정하였으며 기존 키워드 추출방식으로 유사도를 측정한 결과와의 비교를 통해 연구 효율성을 검증하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.520-530
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• 2010

Purpose: In this study influenza A (H1N1) infection control performance and stress in nurses were surveyed, to identify factors influencing stress for the nurses, and to provide basic materials for promoting infectious disease control by nurses. Method: The participants were 447 nurses who had worked at isolation clinics and/or isolation rooms in hub hospitals in the Honam region during the period of the outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus. Data were collected in February 2010 using self-report questionnaires. Results: The performance of participants from clinics was high for 'helping patients wearing masks', but low for 'maintaining distance over 1 meter among waiting patients'. The performance of participants from hospital rooms was high for 'putting a surgical mask on a patient going out of the room', but low for 'keeping patients' family out of the room'. The participants' stress was higher in those younger and less experienced nurses, those working at a hospital with 500-999 beds, those working at both isolation clinics and rooms, and those working at a clinic longer. Conclusion: In order to lower nurses' stress from working at isolation clinics/rooms for infectious diseases, we may need to deploy experienced nurses and limit their working days to five or less.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

This study was carried using the new approach method to design appropriately the Loading Arm length and the alarm setting according to ship movements on Loading and Unloading marine Berth. The quasi-static mooring analysis was performed to estimate 110,000DWT ship's movements based on environmental conditions such as wind, current and wave. The mooring motion of the ship is very important to determine the loading arm scope, and in this case, the operation condition is performed on the ship without considering the damaged condition of the mooring line because the ship movement in case of damage is larger than intact, and all operations are stopped, the loading arm being released due to control system. From the result of mooring analysis, motion displacements, velocities and accelerations were simulated. They were used to simulate the maximum drifting speeds and distances. The maximum drifting speeds were checked to be satisfied within drifting speed limits. The total maximum drifting distances were simulated with alarm steps of the new approach method. Finally, the loading arm envelopes using the total maximum drifting distances were completed. Therefore, it was confirmed that the new approach method for loading arm envelopes and alarm settings was appropriate from the above results. In the future, it will be necessary to perform the further advanced dynamic mooring analysis instead of the quasi-static mooring analysis and to use the precise computer program analysis for various environments and ship movement conditions.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 계단식 보강토 옹벽의 거동에 미치는 기초지반 침하의 영향에 관한 연구내용을 다루었다. 이를 위해 국내에서 기 시공된 현장 계단식 보강토 옹벽의 설계단면을 일반화하여 기본적인 설계단면을 설정하고, 검증된 유한요소모델을 이용하여 기초지반의 조건 및 상단의 이격거리에 대한 매개변수연구를 실시하였다. 그 결과 기초지반의 강성저하로 인해 기초지반의 침하와 아울러 보강토체의 강체이동이 발생하며, 이는 외적안정성을 감소시켜 벽체의 수평변위 및 유발인장력이 증가되는 원인으로 작용할 뿐만 아니라 하단옹벽의 내적안정성 저하의 원인으로도 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상단의 이격거리가 증가함에 따라 하단의 벽체 변위와 유발인장력은 감소하는 양상을 나타냈으나 이격거리가 크지 않은 경우 상단옹벽 처리기준의 차이에도 불구하고 그 감소폭이 적어 상단옹벽의 영향평가 기준에 대한 추가 연구가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 본 고에서는 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 현 FHWA 설계기준설계기준의 타당성을 검토하였으며, 해석적 결과에 근거하여 불량한 기초 지반 조건하에 시공되는 옹벽에 대한 설계 주안점을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.886-895
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• 2002

Introduction and application of virtual education has been rapidly increased in these days. A variation of information communication technology has an effect on education in interconnect with network as internet in the world that exceed the limit of time and regional. Computer and network communication technology through the medium of internet make an entrance cyber education as a new education paradigm. It must be affective on learner who have various educational characteristics and requirements. It begins to appear quality, quantity improvements of knowledge and the development of information technology that web based cyber education. This study was conducted to develop the web based education program and to evaluate the effectiveness of learning satisfaction and accomplishment and to compare the cyber lecture system with the traditional lecture system During the second semester of 2001, this study was investigated 317 registered students in a "Food and Culture" class at Kyungwon University. The data were obtained from pre and post-study with self-administered questionnaire. The evaluation and satisfaction score of students who were registered in cyberclass was negative tendency to compare pre with post-test scores, because of insuffciency of computer-aided lecture system. The major problem was inconvenient in checking system for connecting times in cyberclass which was one of evaluation point in final score. Another problem was frequently disconnection during cyber studying and not to concentrate each time in the cyber lecture because of eye fatigue, boring due to less interesting contents than other newly developed web-site. The students was prefer to mix type of the cyber and traditional lecture type class. The result of final score an each class, the score of cyber class (71.36 $\pm$ 22.44) was significantly lower than other groups (mixed type : 76.66 $\pm$ 19.99, traditional type :79.17 $\pm$ 15.72) (p < 0.05). Cyber class was attempted to present a useful and interesting teaching and learning tool which can be applied successfully in a longer term. The result suggest that various teaching and learning strategies should be developed considering the fact that the student learn alone most in time.t in time.