• 디자인학연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2005

유니버설 디자인은 베리어 프리(barrier-free), 수용 가능한(adaptive), 평생의 디자인(life-span design)의 세 개념을 포함한다. 그것은 단순히 장애가 있는 사람들을 위한 접근성 차원의 디자인이라기보다는 확장된 개념으로서 인간이 접하는 모든 물리적 환경이나 시설들을 접근하기 쉽고 사용하기 편하도록 디자인하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 유니버설디자인의 현재와 미래 방향을 부엌디자인의 사례를 중심으로 조망해보았다. 문헌상의 디자인지침과 사례들에서 살펴본 현재 시장의 추이와 선행연구들의 특징들에서 살펴본 시대적 추이를 토대로 제안한다면, 향후 유니버설 부엌디자인은 '사용자에 따른 대량맞춤', '신기술의 적용', '심리적 측면의 고려' 등의 방향으로 전개되어야 할 것이다. 또한 유니버설디자인이 확산되기 위해서는 '적절한 경제적 비용문제의 해갈, '사회적 인식의 확산', 디자인에 있어 '문제인식의 전환'이 있어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 아직 우리나라에서는 유니버설디자인개념의 디자인모델들이 여러 분야에서 양산되고 있는 실정은 아니다. 앞으로 우리나라 상황에 적합한 유니버설디자인을 개발 연구하기 위해서는 물리적, 지각적, 심리적 측면뿐만 아니라 우리의 문화적, 지역적 특성도 감안되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

Currently existing high-accuracy and high-speed die sets used in reciprocal press create scratches at the surface of guide posts, steel balls, and bushes due to vertical movement of balls with point-contacts between inner surface of bushes and guide posts. Consequently, accuracy of the die set and the life span of the metal mold are reduced. However, those scratches could reduce the pre-load of the steel ball. This research designed and developed a groove-type die set which improves life span of the die set by eliminating point-contacts of steel balls with guide posts. The guide post consisted of a steel-ball retainer, a steel-ball retainer stopper, a guide bush, a guide pin, a snap ring, and a spring. The steel-ball retainer has 72 holes with 8 columns of 9 holes in each column. The inner surface of the guide bush was grinded(surface roughness: $Ra\;\\;0.2{\mu}m$, accuracy: $0\;{\sim}\;-0.002mm$) after NC turning and heat treatment. Also, a line of small intermediate pocket was processed inside of the guide bush for lubrication and elimination of foreign materials. Guide grooves of steel balls were processed using a wire EDM(Electrical Discharge Machining) after heat treatment. With such a design of the guide post stated above, loads against steel balls could be dispersed greatly by the line contacts through the guide groove between the guide post and the guide bush, and the life span of the guide post could be expanded semi-permanently.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 1999

본 연구는 서로 다른 수명 패턴을 갖고 있는 누에성충 중 두가지 타입을 이용하여 수행되었다. 장명품종(성충 수명이 15일 이상; LLS), 단명 품종(성충 수명이 5일 미만;SLS). 누에성충의 노화 생리를 밝히기 위해 장단명 암수에 있어서의 지방체 미세구조를 비교해 보았다. 단명품종에 있어서는, 암컷에는 조면소포체 및 글리코겐 과립이 세포질내에서 다량 확인된 반면, 수컷에는 활면소포체만이 세포질내에서 발견되었다. 또한 단명품종에 있어서는, 성충 3일째 이후 미토콘드리아의 용적이 비대해지는 경향을 보였으며, 많은 지방구 퇴화가 관찰되었다. 단명품종에 반해 장명품종에서는, 성충 5일째의 암컷은 비교적 정상적인 미토콘드리아와 핵막이 관찰되었다. 성충 15일째에 이르러서야 대부분의 세포막이 사라졌고 미토콘드리아가 비정상적으로 비대해졌다. 장명품종 수컷(성충 10일째)의 세포질내에서 다량의 지방과립이 관찰되었으며, 이 개체는 성충 15일째에 세포내용물이 모두 고갈되어 사망하였다. 따라서, 금후 수명에 관한 조직 연구를 위해서는 조직의 변화상을 관찰하기 용이한 단명품종이 적절할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가족복지학
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• 제23호
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• pp.43-70
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• 2008

본 연구는 지적 장애인을 돌보는 어머니의 사회적 지지가 돌봄 자기효능감에 주는 영향을 분석하였으며, 이 영향이 장애인 자녀가 속한 생애주기에 따라 달라지는가를 탐색하였다. 530명의 사례에 대한 분석 결과, 전체집단에서 어머니가 지각한 사회적 지지가 많을수록 돌봄 자기효능감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그런데 자녀 생애주기의 조절효과를 살펴본 결과, 아동의 어머니 집단에 비교해 청소년의 어머니 집단과 성인의 어머니 집단에서 효과의 크기가 통계적으로 유의하게 달랐다. 각 집단에 대한 분석 결과, 아동의 어머니 집단에서는 사회적 지지가 돌봄 자기효능감에 영향을 주지 않은 반면, 청소년의 어머니 집단과 성인의 어머니 집단에서는 사회적 지지가 돌봄 자기효능감에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 장애인 가족 연구에서 생애발달적 관점이 지지되었으며, 실천적으로는 청소년기와 성인기의 자녀를 둔 장애인 가족에 대한 사회적 지지의 중요성이 더욱 강조되어야 할 것으로 생각되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2015

Records of 490,767 cows collected from 1990 to 2012 by dairy herd milk test of National Agriculture Cooperative Federation The pedigree of dairy cattle were provided by Korea Animal Improvement Association. The data were used to analyze the longevity of dairy cows with the life traits such as days in milk, number of lactation, productive life, and life span. The data were also used to investigate genetic relationship of these longevity traits with profitability of dairy cows, including heritability and genetic correlation. The profitability was calculated with simulation of milk income and production costs for individual cows. Days in milk among the traits had -0.287, -0.572 and -0.536 of genetic correlation with number of lactations, productive life and lifespan, respectively. The heritabilities of life span, number of lactations, productive life, and days in milk were found to be 0.045, 0.047, 0.059 and 0.081, respectively. Genetic correlations of profit with productive life, number of lactations, and days in milk were identified as 0.072, 0.080, 0.098 and 0.101. These results suggested that days in milk was most desirable traits to represent longevity of Holstein dairy cattle. In general, since longevity and profitability were close genetic relationship each other, genetic improvement of longevity is necessary for better profitable cows.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 1996

The purposes of this study was to investigate high school girl students’concerns about the family life education in Home Economics and their needs for learning in home economics classes in order to develop an advisable co-education curriculum. The questionnaires were completed by 196 first grade students in Seoul in 1993 and 765 first grade students in Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefectures in 1991. The contents of the questionnaire were as follows：1) students’interests in the areas of Home Economics education, 2) students＇concerns in their daily life 3) students’interests in a new curriculum for family life education：16 contents from human birth to death. 4) students’experience with their family, and 5) students’educational needs in Home Economics’teaching method. The result of our research showed that：1) Most of senior high school students in Korea and Japan had strong interests in their life and life span. 2) Although there are some differences in the degree of concerns between Korea and Japan, senior high school students in Korea and Japan had strong concerns with their “characteristics and personality”, their “future job”, their “looks and figure”and their “hobby and amusement”, these had not been the contents of home economics in Korea and Japan, but had been in U.S. 3) Very few senior high school students in Japan and especially in Korea had contacts with their grandparents. 4) Senior high school students in Korea and Japan showed strong interests in their near future stage, but they showed less interest in the stage of early childhood. 5) Senior high school students in Korea and Japan showed their diverse needs for learning in home economics classes. The results indicated that co-education curriculum for family life education should meet adolescent needs and concerns, and our new curriculum, “from one’s birth to death/one’s life span”, would be more advisable.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.293-316
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• 1995

Nitrogen fertilization and cutting practice were studied on turfgrasses and cover plants to investigate the possibility of maintaining green color during the growing season. Research also involved the effect of the nitrogen on a few morphological characteristics of leaf performance elements which might give an information to coloration and life-span of turf leaves. Treatments in the first experiment undertaken on pot included one N level: 350kgN /ha applied as compound fertilizer in split applications of one-half in mid-May and the rest both in late June and August, and four spring-summer cuts: late May, late June, late July and late August. The soil filled in pot a moderately well-drained sandy loam. In the second experiment(field observation) leaf length and width, inflorescence and flowering, and color performance were also investigated. With nitrogen fertilizer applied on turfs, desirable turf color was maintained during a period of poor coloration in specific seasons such as mid-summer for cool season grasses and late fall for warm season grasses comparing to the non-treatment. However, this was not stimulated by cutting treatment to nitrogen status existed. Cutting effect on coloration was more remarkable in both Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass than in cool season turfgrasses such as Italian rye-grass, perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. Especially down-slide of leaf color in cool season turfgrasses could he detected in mid-summer /early fall season ranging up to mid-September. In early November as well as mid-September, Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and tall fes-cue retained a high level of green color as followed by nitrogen application and cutting treatment, and little detectable variation of leaf color notation between cool season turfgrasses was obtained. However, Korean la'vngrass and Manilagrass failed to retain the green color until early November. Color notations in cool season turfgrasses investigated early November on the final date of the experiment ranged from 5 GY 3/1 to 4/8 in 'Ramultra' Italian ryegrass, 'Reveile' perennial ryegrass and 'Arid' tall fescue, but those in Zoysiagrasses were 7.5 YR 4/8 in Korean lawngrass and 2.5 y 5 /6 in Manilagrass. Life-span of leaves was shorter in Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and tall fescue than in beth Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass with and without nitrogen application. In general, leaves appeared in early May had a long life-span than those appeared in late April or mid-June. Nitrogen application significantly prolonged the green color retaining period in perennial ryegrass, Italian ryegrass, Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass, and this was contrasted with the fact that there was no prolonged life-span of leaves emerging in early May and mid-June in tall fescue. SPAD reading values in 48 turfs and cover plants investigated in the field trial were increasing until late June and again decreasing till September. Increasing trends of reading value could be observed in the middle of October in most of grasses. On the other hand, clovers and reed canarygrasses did not restore their color values even in October. Color differences between inter-varieties, and inter-species occurred during the growing season under the field condition implicated that selection of species and /or cultivars for mixture should be taken into consideration. In Munsell color notation investigated in the final date in the middle of November, 32 cultivars belonged under the category of 5 GY and 10 cultivars under the category of 7.5 GY. This was implying that most of cool season turfs and cover plants grown in the center zone of Korean Peninsula which are able to utilize for landscape use can bear their reasonable green color by early or mid-November when properly managed. The applicable possibilities of SPAD readings and Munsell color notation to determine the color status of turfgrasses and cover plants used in this study were discussed.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
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• pp.235-236
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• 2010

Since many structures in the sea environment are damaged by chloride, appropriate repair strategy is required. Therefore in the paper, optimum period for the RC structure's repair is calculated with consideration of economic efficiency. Moreover, when the concrete members are repaired with the other material such as polymer mortar forr section restoration, their expected service life also calculated to predict more accurate repair period during the life span.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.149-150
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• 2012

According to the increase of demand of the deteriorated building. The interest of the building's maintenance is continually increased, so studies about how to increase building's stability & prolonged life span are increased. This study's purpose is to maintain building's function, so we suggest a protocol type system of UI to estimate reasonable planning of demand of repair & replacement and to distribute budget.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.939-949
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the job awareness of dental hygiene students about a dental hygienist, what duties they wanted to do as dental hygienists, their awareness of college courses related to the job performance of dental hygienists and whether they viewed the courses as what's most widely utilized for the clinical job performance of dental hygienists. It's ultimately meant to help provide good education for dental hygiene students to have the right understanding of dental hygienists and bolster their professionalism. Methods : The subjects in this study were 301 dental hygiene students in four different colleges located in the metropolitan area. A survey was conducted to find out their satisfaction level with the department of dental hygiene, personal characteristics, awareness of college courses and awareness of the duties of dental hygienists. Results : The group of students who deemed the life span of the dental hygienist occupation to be long put more significance on the college courses that should focus on job performance. As for the relationship between their personal characteristics and awareness of the college courses, their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the department and their ideas on the life span of the occupation made significant differences to that. The group of students who considered the life span of the occupation to be longer thought that the college courses would be more linked to the duties of dental hygienists and their job performance and should be given more weight, and there were significant differences among them in their view of the life span of the occupation and awareness of the college courses that should be given more weight(p<.05). Their view of how much the college courses would be linked to the duties of dental hygienists had a statistically significant correlation to that of the college courses that should focus on the clinical job performance of dental hygienists. Conclusions : The above-mentioned findings suggest that as part of the regular curriculum, the kind of education that aims at boosting the professionalism and job performance of dental hygienists as experts should be provided for dental hygiene students to build the right values as professional dental hygienists.