• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.527-533
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• 1995

A disadvantage of Fourier analysis is that frequency information can only be extracted for the complete duration of a signal f(t). Since the Fourier transform integral extends over all time, from $-{\infty}$ to $+{\infty}$), the information it provides arises from an average over the whole length of the signal. If there is a local oscillation representing a particular feature, this will contribute to the calculated Fourier transform $F({\omega})$, but its location on the time axis will be lost There is no way of knowing whether the value of $F({\omega})$ at a particular ${\omega}$ derives from frequencies present throughout the life of f(t) or during just one or a few selected periods. This disadvantage is overcome in wavelet analysis which provides an alternative way of breaking a signal down into its constituent parts. The main advantage of the wavelet transform over the conventional Fourier transform is that it can not only provide the combined temporal and spectral features of the signal, but can also localize the target information in the time-frequency domain simultaneously. The wavelet transform distinguishes itself from Short Time Fourier Transform for time-frequency analysis in that it has a zoom-in and zoom-out capability.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.41-54
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• 2019

The increasing use of mobile applications is a phenomenon that has recently come to be beneficial to people in their private life due to increased income and changes in life style. In particular, analyzing customers' consumer sentiment can be seen as a pursuit form of convenience that enables efficient use of time and effort. In this study, based on previous studies, we examine the causal relation model that influences reuse intention, which is a dependent variable through perceived value as a parameter by measuring the service convenience for cafe mobile application. In order to accomplish purpose of this study, references related to service convenience, perceived value, and reuse intention were reviewed as literature research methods. For the empirical study, the research was carried out through Macro Mill Embrain Co., Ltd. Online research was conducted for one week from October 26 to November 8, 2018. There are 13 items of the collected data were excluded and 324 items suitable for irradiation were used. Study results show that service convenience of cafe mobile application has a positive effect on perceived value and reuse intention. In addition, in the relationship that cafe mobile app's service convenience has a significant (+) influence on reuse intention, perceived value proved to have meaningful results as intermediary roles. Implications of this study are as follows. First of all, this study will be helpful for cafe companies and consumers if utilize the service convenience of cafe mobile application in perceived value and reuse intention in marketing applications. Therefore, theoretically, we propose the development direction of cafe mobile application and present academic data for marketing strategy innovation and competitive advantage in the food service industry that conforms to the fourth industrial revolution era.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.739-744
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• 2013

In this study, torrefaction was performed to improve fuel properties of Larch. The optimal condition for torrefaction was investigated by response surface methodology. The torrefaction temperature and time ranged $220{\sim}280^{\circ}C$ and 20~80 min, respectively. As the torrefaction temperature and time increased, the carbon content of torrefied biomass increased from 49.36 to 56.65%, while its hydrogen and oxygen contents decreased from 5.56 to 5.48% and from 37.62 to 31.67%, respectively. The weight loss and calorific value increased with SF, while energy yield decreased. At the severe torrefaction condition (SF 7), the weight loss and calorific value were 26.58% and 22.30 MJ/kg, respectively. The energy contained in torrefied biomass increased to 20.41%, when compared with the untreated biomass. As the torrefaction severity increased, the energy yield decreased due to the relatively high weight loss of biomass. Therefore, the highest energy yield was obtained at high calorific value and low weight loss of biomass (SF 5.72).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2000

This study was attempted to develop dandelion tea under various roasting conditions. The quality properties of tea were evaluated by measuring soluble solid. total yield, pH, color value, turbidity, browning degree, and sensory evaluation induced by various roasting time and temperature. The total yield and soluble solid content were the highest at the roasting process at 23$0^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. pH value was higher in non-treatment than pre-drying treatment and was not different among the roasting times. L value was reduced with increasing roasting time. Turbidity and browning degree of dandelion tea were the highest at the roasting condition at 23$0^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. Palatability was the highest at the roasting condition at 23$0^{\circ}C$ for 5 min without pre-drying. The higher solid yield was obtained with an increase in roasting temperature. Turbidity and browning degree increased under the roasting conditions at 230 and 26$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. Palatability in sensory evaluation increased at the roasting condition at 26$0^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. The higher savory taste value was obtained with an increase in roasting temperature.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.361-367
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• 2008

This study examined the physicochemical properties of rice embryo in order to investigate the antioxidative effect of black rice bran pigment fraction on rice embryo lipid oxidation. Color stability of rice bran pigment fraction and acid value of added rice embryo were determined at various conditions of pH, temperature, and storage time. Rice embryo contained more crude protein (22.1%) compared to the rice bran (9.4%). However, rice embryo had a higher lipid content than rice bran, causing lipid oxidation during storage. Pigment fraction were relatively stable in acidic pH of 3.0 stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 9 days. Rice embryo showed increased acid value with increased storage time and temperature. Furthermore, rice embryo with pigment fraction resulted in lower acid value compared to the control group. Therefore, addition of black rice bran pigment fractions to rice embryo improved storage capacity.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.37-47
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• 2010

CRM refers to the operating activities that always maintain and promote good relationship with customers to ultimately maximize the company's profits by understanding the value of customers to meet their demands, establishing a strategy which may maximize the Life Time Value and successfully operating the business by integrating the customer management processes. In our country, many big businesses are introducing CRM initiatively to use it in marketing strategy however, most medium and small sized companies do not understand CRM clearly or they feel difficult to introduce it due to huge investment needed. This study is intended to present CRM promotion strategy and activities plan fit for the medium and small sized companies by analyzing the success factors of the leading companies those have already executed CRM by surveying the precedents to make the distributors out of the industries have close relation with consumers to overcome their weakness in scale and strengthen their competitiveness in such a rapidly changing and fiercely competing market. There are 5 stages to build CRM such as the recognition of the needs of CRM establishment, the establishment of CRM integrated database, the establishment of customer analysis and marketing strategy through data mining, the practical use of customer analysis through data mining and the implementation of response analysis and close loop process. Through the case study of leading companies, CRM is needed in types of businesses where the companies constantly contact their customers. To meet their needs, they assertively analyze their customer information. Through this, they develop their own CRM programs personalized for their customers to provide high quality service products. For customers helping them make profits, the VIP marketing strategy is conducted to keep the customers from breaking their relationships with the companies. Through continuous management, CRM should be executed. In other words, through customer segmentation, the profitability for the customers should be maximized. The maximization of the profitability for the customers is the key to CRM. These are the success factors of the CRM of the distributors in Korea. Firstly, the top management's will power for CS management is needed. Secondly, the culture across the company should be made to respect the customers. Thirdly, specialized customer management and CRM workers should be trained. Fourthly, CRM behaviors should be developed for the whole staff members. Fifthly, CRM should be carried out through systematic cooperation between related departments. To make use of the case study for CRM, the company should understand the customer and establish customer management programs to set the optimal CRM strategy and continuously pursue it according to a long-term plan. For this, according to collected information and customer data, customers should be segmented and the responsive customer system should be designed according to the differentiated strategy according to the class of the customers. In terms of the future CRM, integrated CRM is essential where the customer information gathers together in one place. As the degree of customers' expectation increases a lot, the effective way to meet the customers' expectation should be pursued. As the IT technology improved rapidly, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) appears. On a real-time basis, information about products and customers is obtained massively in a very short time. A strategy for successful CRM promotion should be improving the organizations in charge of contacting customers, re-planning the customer management processes and establishing the integrated system with the marketing strategy to keep good relation with the customers according to a long-term plan and a proper method suitable to the market conditions and run a company-wide program. In addition, a CRM program should be continuously improved and complemented to meet the company's characteristics. Especially, a strategy for successful CRM for the medium and small sized distributors should be as follows. First, they should change their existing recognition in CRM and keep in-depth care for the customers. Second, they should benchmark the techniques of CRM from the leading companies and find out success points to use. Third, they should seek some methods best suited for their particular conditions by achieving the ideas combining their own strong points with marketing. Fourth, a CRM model should be developed that will promote relationship with individual customers just like the precedents of small sized businesses in Switzerland through small but noticeable events.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.89-101
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore the housing pathways of middle-class married women toward owning a first home. In doing so, an in-depth interview as a qualitative method was conducted, life history was utilized to track down the path to first-home owning, and all the interviews were transcribed for analysis. The research participants were well-educated middle-class full-time housewives owning a home. The findings indicated that family formation through marriage and child birth was a primary driving force to buy a home. It was shown that owning a home was perceived not just as a stepping stone for building both family wealth and social capital but as one of the most important pillars to reinforcing traditional family values. In spite of some intergenerational distinctions on the path toward home owning, commonalities across generations included that home owning was considered to be a social icon for middle-class, it became almost impossible for younger generations without parental support which stimulated the intergenerational transfer of wealth, and it was greatly determined by both family income (affordability) and home finance options(borrowing capacity). This research implies that the changing social landscape transforms the value on homeownership and could undermine the socioeconomic strengths of home owning. Nonetheless, it's of importance to strategically assist first homebuyers who are likely to be a member of middle-class.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2008

The report of the Korean Board of Audit and Inspection(BAI) on May 2007 indicates the problems of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis and evaluation in the Design-Build(Turn-Key) and alternative bidding system. The point which the report indicates is that the cost estimation system for LCC analysis has nothing in common each other and there's no consistency among the repair cycle and ratio per facilities parts. For solving these problems, BAI demands the establishment of the guidelines for LCC analysis and evaluation from the competent authority Korean Ministry of Construction And Transportation(MOCT). The objective of this study is to develop the improvement directions for LCC analysis and evaluation which are suitable to the public construction projects especially for the Design-Build and alternative bidding system in Korea. For this study, the LCC related raws and regulations, LCC analysis guidelines of public cooperations, actual condition of LCC analysis and evaluation which include, the elements of LCC, the estimation rules of the initial cost and the maintenance cost, the analysis standards of time value of money, etc. are investigated to provide the improvement directions for LCC analysis and evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.25-32
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• 2012

Traditional folk houses in Yongdong, Gangwon province play important roles in figuring out natural, human, and social value in the past time including housing life. However, according to the introduction of electric or plumbing equipment in housing life styles, many conventional architectures have been changed by installations of new electric or plumbing equipment, convenience facilities, and etc. Therefore, this study aims to make basic data to prepare for standardized installations of the electric or plumbing equipment, and convenience facilities by surveying of the present installation status, such as electric lights, outlets, switches, wiring, pipe laying, or monitoring devices for crime, disaster prevention facilities, and home appliances etc. Additionally, this paper is related to the meaning and usage, which are connected with the electric or plumbing equipment installations of the traditional folk houses to be prepare for the proper solutions between preservations of the original form and convenient lives for residents.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.1 s.73
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• pp.65-84
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• 2005

In this study, I analyzed how wives experience their husbands' sudden loss of jobs. In-depth interviews were conducted with six married women whose husbands lost jobs. Each person was interviewed for 3 to 4 hours, between June and August 2003. The wives tended to see the husband as someone who gave them a hard time, yet whom they still had to rely on. In addition, the husband was another difficult problem that they had to deal with, because they had to watch the husband struggle to adjust following the distressing event. Some wives blamed themselves for the unemployment of their husbands and were pained for their husbands' adversity. The wives also had the challenge of taking up a job to support the family. Their marital life became tougher and more conflicts emerged. The wives often alienated their husbands from the rest of the family unintentionally, or attempted to break away from their husbands by leaving home. Yet, they returned home in the end, and tried to find hope, by taking a different perspective and looking at the bright side of life, by finding the value of her existence, through faith, and by reaffirming love for the husband and children.