• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.140-159
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• 2017

The purpose of this research was to collect and select the theses and articles of the STEAM education in domestic and to analyze a research status by the review, then to suggest a direction of the further research in technology education. The objects of this research were the theses and articles of the STEAM education in domestic published from January 2007 to June 2016. I collected the theses and articles by using the search engine of the Korean Academic Information Service, the Korea Education and Research Information Service, the National Assembly Digital Library, and finally selected 821 theses and articles for the objects. I analyzed the theses and articles by verifying their subjects, abstracts and contents, and applied the analysis framework developed in advance. I used the frequency analysis, the cross analysis to analyze the datas statistically. Also, I used SPSS 18.0 program. Drawing on the finding of this research, major conclusions of this research were as follows. First, the researches of the STEAM education in domestic had been studied numerously from 2012 to 2015, but it has been decreased since 2016. Second, the researches of the STEAM education in domestic have been studied numerously for the development of the educational program and the instructional source. Third, the research objects of the STEAM education in domestic have been studied numerously for elementary school, middle school and high school in a row. Forth, the researches of the STEAM education in domestic have been focused numerously on a science. Fifth, the researches of the STEAM education in domestic have been concerned mainly about the creativity effect among other educational effects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.391-404
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the status of interventional studies to prevent falling in elderly with dementia and to determine the contents and effectiveness of intervention programs to prevent falling. Existing reports published between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2016 were searched electronically using the RISS, National Library, KISS, PubMed, and CINAHL database with the keywords dementia, Alzheimer's or Alzheimer's disease, falling, and prevention of falling. After checking the original sources of the articles, 13 articles were included in the review. Therapeutic interventions used in the articles included exercise therapy (8, 61.5%), physiotherapy and occupational therapy (2, 15.4%), complementary therapies (2, 15.4%), and music therapy (1, 7.7%). As a result of the qualitative evaluation of the papers using a checklist of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network, two studies scored 9 out of 10 points, five studies scored 8 out of 10, and six studies scored 7 out of 10. Intervention sessions were conducted for 55 minutes, on average, for a total of 37 sessions. This study found that exercise, music therapy, physical and occupational therapy, and rhythmic motion therapy were effective in preventing falling in the elderly with dementia. In the future, these findings are expected to be used as a basis for the development of a preventive intervention program for nurses in a clinical setting.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.4 s.107
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• pp.549-556
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a system for generating skeleton programs for directly transforming an XML document to another document, whose structure is defined in the target DTD with GUI environment. With the generated code, the users can easily update or insert their own codes into the program so that they can convert the document as the way that they want and can be connected with other classes or library files. Since most of the currently available code generation systems or methods for transforming XML documents use XSLT or XQuery, it is very difficult or impossible for users to manipulate the source code for further updates or refinements. As the generated code in this paper reveals the code along the XPaths of the target DTD, the result code is quite readable. The code generating procedure is simple; once the user maps the related elements represented as trees in the GUI interface, the source document is transformed into the target document and its corresponding Java source program is generated, where DTD is given or extracted from XML documents automatically by parsing it. The mapping is classified 1:1, 1:N, and N:1, according to the structure and semantics of elements of the DTD. The functions for changing the structure of elements designated by the user are amalgamated into the metadata interface. A real world example of transforming articles written in XML file into a bibliographical XML document is shown with the transformed result and its code.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2004

The BLAST server for the mollusk was constructed on the basis of the Intel Server Platform SC-5250 dual Xeon 2.8 GHz cpu and Linux operating system. After establishing the operating system, we installed NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) WebBLAST package after web server configuration for cgi (common gate interface) (http://chimp.kribb.re.kr/mollusks). To build up the stand alone blast, we conducted as follows: First, we downloaded the genome information (mitochondria genome information), DNA sequences, amino acid sequences related with mollusk available at NCBI. Second, it was translated into the multifasta format that was stored as database by using the formatdb program provided by NCBI. Finally, the cgi was used for the Stand Alone Blast server. In addition, we have added the vector, Escherichia coli, and repeat sequences into the server to confirm a potential contamination. Finally, primer3 program is also installed for the users to design the primer. The stand alone BLAST gave us several advantages: (1) we can get only the data that agree with the nucleotide sequence directly related with the mollusks when we are searching BLAST; (2) it will be very convenient to confirm contamination when we made the cDNA or genomic library from mollusks; (3) Compared to the current NSBI, we can quickly get the BLAST results on the mollusks sequence information.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.107-121
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• 2021

Skin hypopigmentation, which is observed in albinism or vitiligo, occurs when melanin synthesis is decreased by genetic, epigenetic, and other factors. To identify drug candidates that can promote melanin synthesis in cells, we screened an epigenetic modulator library consisting of 141 cell-permeable, small molecule drugs. B16/F10 murine melanoma cells were treated with each drug at 0.1 𝜇M and melanin synthesis and cell viability were subsequently monitored. As a result, (-)-neplanocin A, 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), and DZNep hydrochloride were found to increase cellular melanin synthesis without causing cytotoxicity. Because these three structurally related drugs exhibited similar dose-dependent effects on melanin synthesis and cell viability, DZNep was selected as a representative drug for additional experiments. DZNep increased intracellular melanin content and tyrosinase (TYR) activity. DZNep also induced the expression of TYR, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) at the mRNA and protein levels. DZNep also induced the mRNA and protein expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a key regulator of melanin synthesis. DZNep is a specific inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase and it caused the accumulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine that inhibits histone methyltransferases in cells. This study suggests that melanogenesis can be modulated by targeting S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in certain cellular contexts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.89-112
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• 2024

Metadata is a crucial component of record management, playing a vital role in properly managing and understanding the record. In cases where automatic metadata assignment is not feasible, manual input by records professionals becomes necessary. This study aims to alleviate the challenges associated with manual entry by proposing a method that harnesses ChatGPT technology for extracting records management metadata elements. To employ ChatGPT technology, a Python program utilizing the LangChain library was developed. This program was designed to analyze PDF documents and extract metadata from records through questions, both with a locally installed instance of ChatGPT and the ChatGPT online service. Multiple PDF documents were subjected to this process to test the effectiveness of metadata extraction. The results revealed that while using LangChain with ChatGPT-3.5 turbo provided a secure environment, it exhibited some limitations in accurately retrieving metadata elements. Conversely, the ChatGPT-4 online service yielded relatively accurate results despite being unable to handle sensitive documents for security reasons. This exploration underscores the potential of utilizing ChatGPT technology to extract metadata in records management. With advancements in ChatGPT-related technologies, safer and more accurate results are expected to be achieved. Leveraging these advantages can significantly enhance the efficiency and productivity of tasks associated with managing records and metadata in archives.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2013

Carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativa) is one of the most extensively used vegetable crops in the world and a significant source of nutrient because of its high content of ${\beta}$-carotene, well known as the precursor of vitamin A carotenoid. However, seed-hairs generated and elongated from the epidermal cell of seeds inhibit absorption and germination by various factors such as carotol and so on. Accordingly, mechanical hair removal process is essential before commercialization of carrot seeds. Because of this process, producers will have additional losses such as time consuming, manpower, capital and so on. Furthermore, physical damage of seeds causes irregular germination rate. To overcome such cumbersome weaknesses, new breeding program for developing hairless-seed carrot cultivar has been needed and studies for molecular markers related to seed-hair characteristic is needed for a new breeding program. Therefore, in this study, cDNA libraries from seeds of short-hair seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 659-1 line, hairy-seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 677-14 line and short-hair seed phenotype CT-ATR 615 OP 666-13 line, hairy-seed phenotype CT-ATR 615 OP 671-9 were constructed, respectively. Furthermore, 1,248 ESTs in each line, total 4,992 ESTs were sequenced. As a result, 19 SNP sites and 14 SNP sites in each of 2 combinations were confirmed by analyzing these EST sequences from short-hair and hairy-seed lines. Then we designed SNP primer sets from EST sequences of SNP sites for high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Designed HRM primers were analyzed using hairy seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 1040 line and short-hair seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 1024, 1025, 1026 lines. One set of HRM primers showed specific difference between the melting curves of hairy and short-hair seed phenotype lines. Based on this result, allele-specific (AS) PCR primers were designed for easier selection between hairy-seed carrot and hairless seed carrot. These results of HRM and AS-PCR are expected to be useful in breeding of hairless seed carrot cultivar as a molecular marker.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.69-92
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• 2015

The explosion of social media data has led to apply text-mining techniques to analyze big social media data in a more rigorous manner. Even if social media text analysis algorithms were improved, previous approaches to social media text analysis have some limitations. In the field of sentiment analysis of social media written in Korean, there are two typical approaches. One is the linguistic approach using machine learning, which is the most common approach. Some studies have been conducted by adding grammatical factors to feature sets for training classification model. The other approach adopts the semantic analysis method to sentiment analysis, but this approach is mainly applied to English texts. To overcome these limitations, this study applies the Word2Vec algorithm which is an extension of the neural network algorithms to deal with more extensive semantic features that were underestimated in existing sentiment analysis. The result from adopting the Word2Vec algorithm is compared to the result from co-occurrence analysis to identify the difference between two approaches. The results show that the distribution related word extracted by Word2Vec algorithm in that the words represent some emotion about the keyword used are three times more than extracted by co-occurrence analysis. The reason of the difference between two results comes from Word2Vec's semantic features vectorization. Therefore, it is possible to say that Word2Vec algorithm is able to catch the hidden related words which have not been found in traditional analysis. In addition, Part Of Speech (POS) tagging for Korean is used to detect adjective as "emotional word" in Korean. In addition, the emotion words extracted from the text are converted into word vector by the Word2Vec algorithm to find related words. Among these related words, noun words are selected because each word of them would have causal relationship with "emotional word" in the sentence. The process of extracting these trigger factor of emotional word is named "Emotion Trigger" in this study. As a case study, the datasets used in the study are collected by searching using three keywords: professor, prosecutor, and doctor in that these keywords contain rich public emotion and opinion. Advanced data collecting was conducted to select secondary keywords for data gathering. The secondary keywords for each keyword used to gather the data to be used in actual analysis are followed: Professor (sexual assault, misappropriation of research money, recruitment irregularities, polifessor), Doctor (Shin hae-chul sky hospital, drinking and plastic surgery, rebate) Prosecutor (lewd behavior, sponsor). The size of the text data is about to 100,000(Professor: 25720, Doctor: 35110, Prosecutor: 43225) and the data are gathered from news, blog, and twitter to reflect various level of public emotion into text data analysis. As a visualization method, Gephi (http://gephi.github.io) was used and every program used in text processing and analysis are java coding. The contributions of this study are as follows: First, different approaches for sentiment analysis are integrated to overcome the limitations of existing approaches. Secondly, finding Emotion Trigger can detect the hidden connections to public emotion which existing method cannot detect. Finally, the approach used in this study could be generalized regardless of types of text data. The limitation of this study is that it is hard to say the word extracted by Emotion Trigger processing has significantly causal relationship with emotional word in a sentence. The future study will be conducted to clarify the causal relationship between emotional words and the words extracted by Emotion Trigger by comparing with the relationships manually tagged. Furthermore, the text data used in Emotion Trigger are twitter, so the data have a number of distinct features which we did not deal with in this study. These features will be considered in further study.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2023

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a type of active oxygen species (ROS) that causes oxidative stress in cells and affects cell growth, proliferation, senescence, and death. The purpose of this study is to find active peptides that attenuate cytotoxicity of H₂O₂. A positional scanning synthetic tetrapeptide combinatorial library was screened to predict the sequence of potentially active peptides. As a result of comparing the effect of peptide pools on H₂O₂-induced death of human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), various active peptide sequences were predicted. Especially, peptides containing cysteine (C) residue were predicted to be active. In follow-up experiments, the cytotoxicity and activity of cysteine-containing peptides of different lengths, such as C-NH₂, CC-NH₂, CCC-NH₂, and CCCC-NH₂ were examined. C-NH₂ and CC-NH₂ showed no significant cytotoxicity up to 1.0 mM, but CCC-NH₂, and CCCC-NH₂ showed relatively strong cytotoxicity. C-NH₂ and CC-NH₂ alleviated H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity. CC-NH₂ was more cytoprotective compared to C-NH₂, C, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and glutathione (GSH). When intracellular ROS was measured by flow cytometry, H₂O₂ increased ROS production, and CC-NH₂ suppressed ROS production more effectively than C-NH₂, and it was as effective as C, NAC, and GSH. This study suggests that CC-NH₂ of the cysteine-containing peptides of different lengths has an antioxidant property that safely and effectively alleviates H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity and ROS production.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1025-1038
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• 2010

Carrot ($Daucus$ $carota$ L. var. $sativa$) is one of the most widely used crops in the world. Moreover it is an important crop because of its high content of ${\beta}$-carotene, well-known as the precursor of vitamin A carotenoid. However, seed-hair which is generated in epidermal cell of seeds inhibits absorption and germination. For that reason, carrot seeds are commercialized after mechanical hair removal process. To overcome such cumbersome weaknesses, new breeding program for developing hairless-seed carrot cultivar has been needed. Therefore, in this study, cDNA libraries from seeds of short-hair seed phenotype CT-ATR615 OP 666-13line and hairy seed CT-ATR615 OP-CK1-9 line were constructed and expression patterns related to generation of seed-hair were analyzed by comparison of EST sequences. Differential EST sequence results between two lines were classified into FunCat functional categories based on the results of BlastX search. Higher expression quantities belonging to metabolic category were shown on short-hair seed line than hairy-seed one. Differential expression quantities between those two lines in the protein folding and stabilization, subcellular localization categories were supposed to contribute variously on the generation of seed-hair. We confirmed 50 and 59 SSR sites, and 2 SNP sites by analyzing EST sequences in two lines; thereafter, we designed SNP and SSR primer sets from these EST sequence information as a molecular marker. These markers are thought to be used in research of molecular markers for classification of carrot family and related to various traits, as well as seed-hair characteristic.