• 제목/요약/키워드: LiFe$PO_{4}$

검색결과 137건 처리시간 0.026초

리튬이차전지용 양극재 개발 동향 (The Research and Development Trend of Cathode Materials in Lithium Ion Battery)

  • 박홍규
    • 전기화학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.197-210
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    • 2008
  • 리튬이차전지용 양극재는 전지 성능발전과 더불어 다양하게 발전되어 왔다. 처음으로 채용된 $LiCoO_2$는 초기의 부족한 성능을 도핑이나 표면개질이라는 기술을 채용하여 지속적인 발전을 거듭하면서 최근 4.3V에 가까운 충전전압에서도 적용 가능하게 되었다. 한편으로 응용기기가 복잡해지면서 요구되는 특성도 한층 강화되었다. 높은 작동전압 뿐만 아니라 고용량이 요구되면서 새로운 재료에 대한 연구개발이 시작되었고, 그 중에서도 ${LiNi}_{1-x}{M_xO_2}$, $Li[Ni_{x}Mn_{y}Co_{z}]O_{2}$, $Li[{Ni}_{1/2}{Mn}_{1/2}]O_{2}$등 다양한 재료들이 개발되기에 이르렀다. 최근에는 고유가에 따라 전기자동차용 개발이활발해지면서 고안전성의 새로운 재료가 필요하게 되었고, 이러한 요구에 수렴하여 ${LiMn_2}{O_4}$, $LiFePO_4$와 같은 안전성이 매우 우수한 재료가 개발되었다. 향 후 양극재 부분은 이외에도 다양한 상들이 고용량과 동시에 안전성이 뛰어난 고용체를 이루고 있는 복합체 양극재를 비롯하여 다양한 재료들이 개발될 것으로 여겨진다.

OCV 히스테리시스 특성을 이용한 확장 칼만 필터 기반 리튬 폴리머 배터리 SOC 추정 (OCV Hysteresis Effect-based SOC Estimation in EKF Algorithm for a LiFePO4/C Cell)

  • 김종훈;전창윤;허인녕;조보형;김범재
    • 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 전력전자학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.301-302
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    • 2011
  • 본 논문에서는 리튬 폴리머 배터리($LiFePO_4/C$)의 개방전압(OCV;open-circuit voltage) 히스테리시스 특성을 이용한 확장 칼만 필터(EKF;extended Kalman filter) 기반 state-of-charge(SOC) 추정방법을 소개한다. 배터리 등가회로의 중요 요소인 OCV 모델링을 위해 충전 및 방전 각각의 OCV 히스테리시스 특성을 고려하였고 더불어 OCV-SOC 관계의 SOC 간격을 10%에서 5%로 조정하여 EKF 기반 SOC 추정알고리즘의 성능이 향상되었다. 축소된 하이브리드 자동차용 전류프로파일을 적용했을 때 SOC 추정이 잘 이루어지지 않는 영역은 EKF의 측정방정식에 노이즈 모델 및 데이터 리젝션(data rejection)을 구축하였다. 제안된 방법을 이용하여 SOC 추정결과 전류적산법 대비 5%이내의 SOC 추정에러를 만족하였다.

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언센티드 칼만 필터와 파티클 필터에 기반한 리튬 인산철 배터리의 정확한 충전 상태 추정 (Accurate State of Charge Estimation of LiFePO4 Battery Based on the Unscented Kalman Filter and the Particle Filter)

  • 응웬탄퉁;;최우진
    • 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 전력전자학회 2017년도 전력전자학술대회
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    • pp.126-127
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    • 2017
  • An accurate State Of Charge (SOC) estimation of battery is the most important technique for Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs). In this paper a new integrated Unscented Kalman Filter-Particle Filter (UKF-PF) is employed to estimate the SOC of a $LiFePO_4$ battery cell and a significant improvement is obtained as compared to the other methods. The parameters of the battery is modeled by the second order Auto Regressive eXogenous (ARX) model and estimated by using Recursive Least Square (RLS) method to calculate value of each element in the model. The proposed algorithm is established by combining a parameter identification technique using RLS method with ARX model and an SOC estimation technique using UKF-PF.

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Charge/Discharge Mechanism of Multicomponent Olivine Cathode for Lithium Rechargeable Batteries

  • Park, Young-Uk;Shakoor, R.A.;Park, Kyu-Young;Kang, Ki-Suk
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.14-19
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    • 2011
  • Quasi-equilibrium profiles are analyzed through galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and potentiostatic intermittent titration technique (PITT) to study the charge/discharge mechanism in multicomponent olivine structure ($LiMn_{1/3}Fe_{1/3}Co_{1/3}PO_4$). From GITT data, the degree of polarization is evaluated for the three regions corresponding to the redox couples of $Mn^{2+}/Mn^{3+}$, $Fe^{2+}/Fe^{3+}$ and $Co^{2+}/Co^{3+}$. From PITT data, the current vs. time responses are examined in each titration step to find out the mode of lithium de-intercalation/intercalation process. Furthermore, lithium diffusivities at specific compositions (x in $Li_xMn_{1/3}Fe_{1/3}Co_{1/3}PO_4$) are also calculated. Finally, total capacity ($Q^{total}$) and diffusional capacity ($Q^{diff}$) are obtained for some selected voltage steps. The entire study consistently confirms that the charge/discharge mechanism of multicomponent olivine cathode is associated with a one-phase reaction rather than a biphasic reaction.

LiFePO4 분말 위 탄소나노튜브의 직접 성장과 리튬이온전지 양극재로의 적용 (Direct growth of carbon nanotubes on LiFePO4 powders and the application as cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries)

  • 한현호;이종환;정구환
    • 한국표면공학회지
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    • 제57권4호
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    • pp.317-324
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    • 2024
  • We demonstrate a direct growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of LiFePO4 (LFP) powders for use in lithium-ion batteries (LIB). LFP has been widely used as a cathode material due to its low cost and high stability. However, there is a still enough room for development to overcome its low energy density and electrical conductivity. In this study, we fabricated novel structured composites of LFP and CNTs (LFP-CNTs) and characterized the electrochemical properties of LIB. The composites were prepared by direct growth of CNTs on the surface of LFP using a rotary chemical vapor deposition. The growth temperature and rotation speed of the chamber were optimized at 600 ℃ and 5 rpm, respectively. For the LIB cell fabrication, a half-cell was fabricated using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and carbon black as binder and conductive additives, respectively. The electrochemical properties of LIBs using commercial carbon-coated LFP (LFP/C), LFP with CNTs grown for 10 (LFP/CNTs-10m) and 30 min(LFP/CNTs-30m) are comparatively investigated. For example, after the formation cycle, we obtained 149.3, 160.1, and 175.0 mAh/g for LFP/C, LFP/CNTs-10m, and LFP/CNTs-30m, respectively. In addition, the improved rate performance and 111.9 mAh/g capacity at 2C rate were achieved from the LFP/CNTs-30m sample compared to the LFP/CNTs-10m and LFP/C samples. We believe that the approach using direct growth of CNTs on LFP particles provides straightforward solution to improve the conductivity in the LFP-based electrode by constructing conduction pathways.