• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2004

This study analyzed the main bodies, sizes of litters, spaces between letters, Words, lines, length of lines, sizes of main body and margin, Position of the main bodies of PDF(Portable Document Format) in high schools and "the criteria of reading system for the textbooks" which was suggested by the Department of Education and Provided some suggestions for the improvement. First, it is judged that spaces of the main body of textbooks should be shrunken to make the ratio of 50:50 between the main body and space margin. Second, it is judged that the main body should be placed in the center of text page. Third, the results of the above findings showed that it would be difficult to deal with the task of deciding space and position or the main body and marginal space in a form of single project, because there are many variables involved and psychologically complicated elements which can not be measured objectively.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.493-496
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• 1997

In this paper, we present the design strategy of the assistive communication system to be able to communicate or the mute and speech disorder under the restricted circumstances. To be used conveniently in daily life, first, a specific domain should be set according to circumstance, and second, proper words in each domain should be selected according to physical, mental ability of user. As the design process of this system should be reflected by the abilities of user, each word is represented as symbols, transparently. The sentences are compounded from symbols. Compounded sentences are showed on display in letters, and synthesized naturally in voice in order to be understood easy.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.133-144
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• 2009

This paper presents a method for constructing and using transliteration rules which are based on Phonics, an instructional method for speaking and writing English letters. Conventional approaches to automatic transliteration often focused on statistical methods. However, the construction or the collection of correct transliteration examples is always the bottleneck of the statistical transliteration model. Also, in practical domains where the collection of such data is very difficult, such as education and tourism, it is reasonable to build a system without much qualified data. Furthermore, compared with Korean orthography of borrowed foreign words, the proposed approach is much easier to construct, and can generate more refined rules. The experimentation result shows that the proposed approach can improve the performance of a statistical-based transliteration system.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.301-313
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• 2001

This study explored the linkage between literacy and writing with a computer in three-to five-year-old children. The 57 subjects were closely observed as they produced written language forms using the word processing program, Araeha Hangul. Stages of writing with a computer were developed to assess the children's computer-writing. While writing with a computer, children invented letters, words, and sentences in an experimental and playful way. Children's writing with computer improved with age. There was a positive correlation between writing with a computer and writing with a pencil. In this way, computer writing was found to be part of written language development.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.439-442
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• 2006

To evaluate the postmortem changes in activities of oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes, the rats were sacrificed with cervical dislocation and were kept in an incubator at $25^{\circ}C$, 70% of humidity for 12 hours. The activities of aniline hydroxylase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxlde dismutase were decreased with the time. On the other hand, the activity and type conversion ratio (type D ${\to}$type O) of hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) were gradually increased. From these changes of XO, the estimation of death time (mathematical equation) could be determined with the least square method. To clarify the cause of increasing XO activity, enzyme kinetics were examined. The Km values of XO were decreased with the time. In conclusion, the determination of liver XO activity might be used for the estimation of death time in the early postmortem period.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.747-751
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• 2010

This paper proposes the method that increases the accuracy for tagging word meaning by creating sense tagged data automatically using machine readable dictionaries. The concept of meaning group is applied here, where the meaning group for each meaning of a target word consists of neighbor words of the target word. To enhance the tagging accuracy, the notion of concentration is used for the weight of each word in a meaning group. The tagging result in SENSEVAL-2 data shows that accuracy of the proposed method is better than that of existing ones.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1827-1833
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• 2000

In this study, I've suggested how to improve the function of web-agents to find out the web-document users prefer. Web-agents employ TFIDF, which considers all the worked used in a document as equal in improtance to find out users' preferences. Web-documents like HTML, however, make visual differences by using different sizes of letters and highlighting them based on importance of words. In this study, I've attempted to improve the functions of the web-agents by differentiating the weight of each worked in accordance with the visual importance of each paragraph. To enhance functions, I've suggested how to make a profile from each paragraph to be consolidated later. As to suggested algorithms, I've tested their effects by comparing the established TFIDF algorithm with the function which helps users find documents they prefer.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1828-1841
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• 2017

In the previous research, we proposed a Kinetic typography font engine that can easily add motion to text with function call only. However, since it is aimed at constructing movements for a sentence, there is still inconvenience in the production of various kinetic typography motions in word or letter unit. We propose Kinetic Typical Extended Motion API(Application Programming Interface) that extends Kinetic Motion API. The extended Kinetic Typographic Font Engine aims to simplify the process of making kinetic typography in words and letters, including the kinetic typographic motion library provided as a function. In addition, various applications that can apply Kinetic typography A kinetic typography authoring interface is provided for facilitating the construction of a motion library for the robot.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2003

In an Information Retrieval System(IRS) based on an inverted file as a file structure it is possible to retrieve related documents when the searcher know the complete words of searching fields. however, there are many cases in which the searcher may not know the complete words but a partial string of words with which to search. In this case, if the searcher can search indexes that include the known partial string, it is possible to retrieve related documents. Futhermore, when the retrieved documents are few, we need a method to find all documents having indexes which include known the partial string. To satisfy these requests, the searcher should be able to construct a query formulation that uses the term truncation method. Also the IRS should have an electronic dictionary that can support a truncated search term. This paper designs and implements an electronic dictionary(ED) structure to support a truncation search efficiently. The ED guarantees very fast and constant searching time for searching a term entry and the inversely alphabetized entry of it, regardless of the number of inserted words. In order to support a truncation search efficiently, we use the Trie structure and in order to accommodate fast searching time we use a method using array. In the searching process of a truncated term, we can reduce the searching time by minimizing the length of string to be expanded.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.756-765
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• 2000

In this paper, a korean text to sign language translation system is designed and implemented for the hearing impaired people to learn letters and to have a conversation with normal people. We adopt the direct method for machine translation which uses morphological analysis and the dictionary search. And we define the necessary sign language dictionaries. Based on this processes, the system translate korean sentences to sign language moving picture. The proposed dictionaries are composed of the basic sign language dictionary, the compound sing language dictionary, and the resemble sign language dictionary. The basic sign language dictionary includes basic symbols and moving pictures of korean sign language. The compound sing language dictionary is composed of key-words of basic sign language. In addition, we offered the similar letters at the resemble sign language dictionary. The moving pictures of searched sign symbols are displayed on a screen in GIF formats by continuous motion of sign symbols or represented by the finger spelling based on the korean code analysis. The proposed system can provide quick sign language search and complement the lack of sign languages in the translation process by using the various sign language dictionaries which are characterized as korean sign language. In addition, to represent the sign language using GIF makes it possible to save the storage space of the sign language. In addition, to represent the sign language using GIF makes it possible to save storage space of the sign language dictionary.