• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 1997

This study was conducted to establish a colostomy technique using cannulation in white Leghorn male chicks. A everted rectum method was used for colostomy from 3 to 20 months old roosters. After 2 or 3 days of operation, blood clots were taken off. At this time, a cannula was also inserted into artificisal annus to keep it open. The cannula was regularly exchanged at every 7 to 10 days. Polyethylene bag and plastic beaker were used for feces and urine collection, respect-ively. The present paper describes the methods of operation, cannulation after colostomy recturn and post-operation management. This method has succeeded in colostomising chickens that survive as long as their normal counterparts.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.513-516
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• 1994

The effects of the prevention of micelle formation and bile acid reabsorption, by using cholestyramine (CHOLN), a bile acid binding polymer, on the plasma lipid of Single Comb White Leghorn male chicks given diets containing medium chain triacylglycerol (MCT) and long chain triacylglycerol (LCT) were investigated. Corn oil and glyceryl tricaprylate were used as LCT and MCT sources, respectively. Plasma HDL cholesterol was reduced by CHOLN in all treatments. Plasma LDL cholesterol was reduced by CHOLN in chicks given LCT diet but not in MCT diet which could be accounted to the reduced plasma total cholesterol in LCT diet with CHOLN. It is concluded that bile acid binding does not alter the cholesteremic effect of MCT in the plasma of chicks.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.103-114
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• 1989

Reciprocal crosses were conducted between three strains of Taiwan Country chickens, developed in the National Chung-Hsing University, and two strains of Single Comb White Leghorns, developed in the Taiwan Livestock Research Institute. Traits studied were growing performances, laying performances, egg quality traits and traits concerning disease resistance, including resistance to Marek's disease virus and immune responses to Newcastle disease virus vaccine and to sheep red blood cell. Results indicated that laying performances of Taiwan country chickens were much inferior to White Leghorns, but they matured earlier, their eggs had better shell strength and larger proportion of yolk, and their general disease resistance was much better than White Leghorns. Heterosis were found in laying performances and egg quality traits. The heterosis in laying traits was so large that the hybrid laid as many eggs and as large eggs as did pure strains of White Leghorns. Strategies on the improvement of native chickens and the utilization of genetic merits of native chickens were also discussed.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1988

백색 Leghorn 암탉의 난자생성과정 중 감수분열을 억제하여 2배수성 난자(2n)의 생산에 근거한 다배교성 가축생산과 능력개양의 기초연구인 본 실험에서 감수분열시기는 배난 전 2~4시간이고 이때에 체중 kg당 0.3mg의 TEM(Tri ethylene melamin)을 복강에 주입하여 수정율 38%의 계란을 얻었고 이들 중 66%가 TEM의 영향으로 2n 의 난자가 생성되어 정상정자와의 결합으로 3배수성(3n)의 배아로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.274-276
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• 1997

The effects of cecectomy on nitrogen utilization and nitrogen excretion were examined in single comb white leghorn (SCWL) cockerels fed a 5% protein diet supplied with urea. The cecectomy tended to increase nitrogen balance and nitrogen utilization and significantly decreased uric acid excretion (p < 0.01). Urea and ammonia excretion tended to be about 60% increased and decreased by cecectomy in SCWL cockerels, respectively, but blood ammonia, urea and uric acid concentrations were not affected. The results are in good agreement with those obtained previously in cecum-ligated chickens. It is concluded that the improvement of nitrogen utilization and decreases in urinary uric acid excretion in cecectomized chickens do not result from the modification of cecal fermentation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1647-1654
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• 2001

In poultry, the selection against broodiness took up presumably naturally occurred mutations in the White Leghorn breed and led to an almost complete loss of the avian form of parental behaviour (incubation of eggs). Early studies on the genetics of broodiness demonstrated that the trait is polygenic with a major sex-linked effect. The reassessment of the studies on putative genes located on the Z chromosome, which are implicated in the control of broodiness, has resulted in the denial of this hypothesis. The recent experiments bear witness that incubation behaviour in chickens is not controlled by a major gene (or genes) on Z chromosome and there must, therefore, be major autosomal genes contributing to the expression of the behaviour. If a broody gene does exist on the Z chromosome it is one of at least three genes including two dominant autosomal genes, one causing and other one inhibiting incubation behaviour, with probably equal influence.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.183-193
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• 1994

White Leghorn hens were fed a commercial formula feeds as a basal diet, which was supplemented with 3 types of plant oil safflower, evening primrose and pine seed, at the 10% level for 3 weeks. No significant changes was found between the basal diet and the oil feeding trials in the egg yolk cholesterol content, the laying rate, the egg weight, and the yolk weight, except the feed intake. In the fatty acid composition of the egg yolk lipid, however, the plant oil feedings to hens resulted in considerable increase of $C_{18:2}$ acid with a simultaneous decrease of $C_{18:2}$ acid ,and, consequently, followed by the improvement of balance with P /S and P /M /S ratio close to 1.0 and 1:1:1, which is known a desirable ratio for human health in lipid nutrition, respectively.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 1995

Effects of dietary protein sources and their amino acid compositions on the liver and plasma cholesterol levels in growing Single Comb white Leghorn male chicks were studied. A diet containing isolated soy protein (21% cp) was supplemented with 0.5% DL-methionine and 0.3% L-glycine. and another diet containing casein(21% cp) was supplemented with 1.5% L-arginine HCl, 0.4% DL-methionine. and 1.0% L-glycine. Plasma cholesterol level was markedly lower in groups force-fed the diets containing either soy protein or casein supplemented with amino acids compared to those found in birds fed corresponding diets without amino acids supplementation. The cholesterol lowering effect of the casein diet. when balanced with various supplemental amino acids appeared to be due to arginine instead of methionine or glycine. It is likely that amino acid balance rather than the composition of a specific amino acid is one of the major factors determining the effect of dietary protein sources on the blood cholesterol levels in chicks.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.72.2-72.2
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• 1961

Since April, 1957, 200 White Leghorn and 100 Newhampshire had been brought to the poultry farm of our college from Songwhan National Breeding Station. The looses due to avian tuberculosis were 67 chickens by June, 1959. Thirteen of them were examined histopathologically. Grayish white tuberculous nodules varying in size were recognized in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and intestine of all affected birds. The heart rind testis were involved in each case, and pulmonary tuberculosis which, unlike in mammals, was kown to be rarely encountered in birds was observed in two cases. One case showed amyloid like degeneration in hepatic cell cords of the liver, glomerular tufts and collecting ducts of the kidney. Lesions in the spleen presented typical Sago spleen. Sections from the liver, spleen, intestine, and lungs were stained by Ziel-Neelsen stain. Acid Fast stained bacilli were found embeded in the cytoplasm of epithlioid cells and foreign-body giant cells.

• 약학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.438-443
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• 2003

For the investigations of the usefulness of immunoglobulin Y (IgY), we attempted to produce and isolate IgY from egg yolk of white Leghorn hens immunized with fetuin as a model antigen. We used three methods to optimize the recovery of IgY: water dilution, polyethylene glycol, and carrageenan. The daily yield of anti-fetuin IgY from egg yolk was also examined, and it was isolated using a fetuin-affinity column at a yield of IgY of 2.7% from total IgY Furthermore, peroxidase-labeled antifetuin IgY was prepared, and was used to determine the minimum sensitivity against fetuin, which was found to occur to a fetuin concentration of 1 ng/$m\ell$.