• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.641-651
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• 2021

Supercomputers have played an important role in various fields such as science, industry, national security and solutions for social issues, and their demand is increasing significantly as their use is strengthened in areas using big data and AI. Recently, competition for global exascale system development is accelerating based on various architectures, and the era of exascale computing is expected to come in the near future. However, the foundation of the domestic supercomputing ecosystem was lost due to the decline of the server industry in the past, and although the related law was enacted to supplement and foster it, it has not been able to perform its function smoothly. Therefore, this article examines the problems in the current legal system through the analysis of the relevant legal system and the status of the supercomputing ecosystem, and suggests improvements so that the relevant legal system, which can accommodate the reinforcement of the role of the government·national center·professional center, support for industries, promotion of commercialization of research results, and flexibility of government promotion policies, can prepare the basis for the promotion of the supercomputing R&D project.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.635-643
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• 2022

Attempts are being made to use the sand dam as an alternative water resource securement facility by installing and operating sand dams in valleys, where water intake capacity is extremely limited, in areas with limited water supply in the upstream watershed of Korea. In the case of some countries in Africa, where sand dams are known to be most actively installed and used, it is difficult to find examples of establishing and applying a separate legal system for sand dams. A sand dam is a kind of groundwater dam, and in view of its concept, structural and technical form and characteristics, purpose, use, and function, it will be said that it has the legal character and status as a facility for securing groundwater resources specified in the current 「Ground Water Act」. Interpretation and application of regulations on facilities for securing groundwater resources also supports this. Therefore, it is legal and realistic to promote and implement the sand dam project as one of the installation and management projects for securing underground water resources based on the 「Ground Water Act」.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.638-661
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• 2009

With the advance to the knowledge-based economy, science and technology (S&T) has been recognized as key factor in a nation's competitiveness. To cope with this kind of new trend Korean government has tried to increase the R&D investment and to streamline acts and regulations concerning national R&D activities. Korea's total R&D expenditure for the year 2007 amounted to about 31.3 trillion won including government R&D of 8.9trillion won. With these efforts the capacity of Korea S&T has made great strides recently. Korea was ranked world's top 7 in R&D investment, top 12 in S&T paper publication and top 4 in patent application. Korean government enacted several pieces of legislation concerning S&T : the "Technology Transfer Promotion Act (1999)"; the "Framework Act on Science and Technology (2000)"; and the "Presidential Regulation for Managing the Government R&D Programs (2001)." In addition, the government has put a lot of effort into promoting the commercialization of technologies developed in public sector and improving the infrastructure of technology transfer and commercialization. However in spite of these various efforts, the technologies obtained from the public sector have not been transferred to the industry properly. Only 24.2% of technologies developed in the public for the year 2005 were transferred to industry. The royalty revenues of the public for the year 2005 was 1.5% of their total R&D expenditure. It shows only a third of the percentage of royalty revenues for the public sector in the U.S.A. and a second of Europe. There are many obstacles of public technology transfer such as immaturity of technology market, lack of licensing experience, and inadequacy of legal system and government policy. In this study I compared the Korean legislative system of patent management of government R&D outputs with the American system, derived problems from Korean system, and suggested proper alternatives.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.351-357
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• 2019

This research is automatic Wet Pipe Sprinkler System, dry pipe Sprinkler System, preaction Sprinkler system, vacuum Sprinkler system, deluge Sprinkler system, etc., key components of each Sprinkler system, verve valve, valve, etc. This is to simplify the various processes of the manufacturing process into a single process to create an environment in which a single machine can simultaneously produce a standardized product, thereby improving the price competitiveness of the product, reducing the cost of maintaining the product, and making it more adaptable to the new sprinkler system that is developed in the future. Automatic Wet Pipe Sprinkler System, desipe Sprinkler System, preaction sprinkler system, vacuum Sprinkler system, deluge Sprinkler system, both types of existing Sprinkler system, only replace the primary and secondary tubing valves.It has the advantage of being easy to apply to the lower system. Legal and institutional research is needed for the commercialization of the Sprinkler system applying the solenoid valve as a future project.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.199-230
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• 2021

Innovative new products and services are being launched through the convergence between heterogeneous industries, and social interest and investment in convergence industries such as AI, big data-based future cars, and robots are continuously increasing. However, in the process of commercialization of convergence new products and services, there are many cases where they do not conform to the existing regulatory and legal system, which causes many difficulties in companies launching their products and services into the market. In response to these industrial changes, the current government is promoting the improvement of existing regulatory mechanisms applied to the relevant industry along with the expansion of investment in new industries. This study, in these convergence industry trends, aimed to analysis the existing regulatory system that is an obstacle to market entry of innovative new products and services in order to preemptively predict regulatory issues that will arise in emerging industries. In addition, it was intended to establish a regulatory impact analysis system to evaluate adequacy and prepare improvement measures. The flow of this study is divided into three parts. In the first part, previous studies on regulatory impact analysis and evaluation systems are investigated. This was used as basic data for the development direction of the regulatory impact framework, indicators and items. In the second regulatory impact analysis framework development part, indicators and items are developed based on the previously investigated data, and these are applied to each stage of the framework. In the last part, a case study was presented to solve the regulatory issues faced by actual companies by applying the developed regulatory impact analysis framework. The case study included the autonomous/electric vehicle industry and the Internet of Things (IoT) industry, because it is one of the emerging industries that the Korean government is most interested in recently, and is judged to be most relevant to the realization of an intelligent information society. Specifically, the regulatory impact analysis framework proposed in this study consists of a total of five steps. The first step is to identify the industrial size of the target products and services, related policies, and regulatory issues. In the second stage, regulatory issues are discovered through review of regulatory improvement items for each stage of commercialization (planning, production, commercialization). In the next step, factors related to regulatory compliance costs are derived and costs incurred for existing regulatory compliance are calculated. In the fourth stage, an alternative is prepared by gathering opinions of the relevant industry and experts in the field, and the necessity, validity, and adequacy of the alternative are reviewed. Finally, in the final stage, the adopted alternatives are formulated so that they can be applied to the legislation, and the alternatives are reviewed by legal experts. The implications of this study are summarized as follows. From a theoretical point of view, it is meaningful in that it clearly presents a series of procedures for regulatory impact analysis as a framework. Although previous studies mainly discussed the importance and necessity of regulatory impact analysis, this study presented a systematic framework in consideration of the various factors required for regulatory impact analysis suggested by prior studies. From a practical point of view, this study has significance in that it was applied to actual regulatory issues based on the regulatory impact analysis framework proposed above. The results of this study show that proposals related to regulatory issues were submitted to government departments and finally the current law was revised, suggesting that the framework proposed in this study can be an effective way to resolve regulatory issues. It is expected that the regulatory impact analysis framework proposed in this study will be a meaningful guideline for technology policy researchers and policy makers in the future.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.444-475
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• 2013

This study explores the trajectories of institutionalization for technology transfer both in the U.S. and Korea, particularly focusing on two universities: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), and the University of California (UC). By comparing the diverging paths of the two universities in setting up institutions, this paper examines the limits of and lessons for technology transfer policies both to Korean government and universities in Korea. The University of California was involved in designing rules and codes, on one hand, to stimulate its members' engagements with technology transfer activity and, on the other hand, to keep its academic integrity since, no later than, the 1960s. The efforts and consequences range from its rules of patenting system to its codes of conducts. Through making rules formal and resolving conflicts on technology transfer activity, the U.S., and the University of California have decreased uncertainties for its members' engagements with industries. By contrast, KAIST has not built up such range of rules or codes due to its shorter experience and its constraining legal contexts. Korea introduced the legal format of the US Bayh-Dole Act in 2002, and its central government has led the initiatives for technology transfer, not allowing much latitude for its universities. This study implies a set of policy recommendations to the Korean government and KAIST: to build entrepreneurial universities, the government should give greater latitude to universities, so universities should be more rigorously engaged in developing their own rules and routines; the government, rather, should focus on providing bridging R&D funds like the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR), so researchers could draw on resources to move their basic research into next phases; KAIST would be better to promote its members to engage with industries, and introduce conduct codes that allow its academics to engage in industrial activity, rather than building up its commercialization facilities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.17-23
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• 2020

With the advancement of AI technology, legal status and regulation issues for AI robots, and the necessity of a robot registration system are emerging. Since the shape and activity area of AI robots will no longer be limited to hardware in one country, the definition and regulation of AI robots should be expanded to a comprehensive concept including software, and information about them should be securely managed and shared by governments around the world. From this perspective, we extend 'AI robot' to the concept of Juridical AI encompassing hardware and software, and propose a method to operate the Juridical AI registration system using a permissioned blockchain called Juridical AI Chain. Since blockchain is an internationally distributed database, operating such AI registration system based on the blockchain will be a way to effectively cope with the global problems caused by the commercialization of AI robots.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-227
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• 2015

The supply-driven innovation system is encountering its limitation. At the same time, the needs for solving societal challenges occurring in people's lives are growing. Social problem-solving R&D programs have been attracting attention as a countermeasure to satisfy these needs. It is important to understand the social context of the occurring problems as well as the users facing the social challenges. Therefore, social problem-solving R&D programs have to explore the social challenge and users' needs, with emphasis on the collaboration with researchers and users in the development and implementation process. This study carries out comparative analysis between 'Korean Citizen-driven R&D project' and 'Japanese Research institute of Science and Technology for Society (RISTEX)' concerning goals, construction of program, and promotion processes. The two cases are similar regarding the objectives of social problem-solving and the strategy for user participation. However, there are differences between the characteristics of the projects and promotion processes. The RISTEX is performing social problem-solving R&D with a much wider perspectives than the Korean project. This is because the Korean project maintained the existing R&D system with the lens of the supply-driven system, even when approaching social problem-solving. Therefore, this limitation should be overcome by adopting support systems discarding the supply-driven perspective, through substantiality of user participation, maintenance of legal system, and commercialization of technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.spc1
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• pp.12-29
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the social issues discussed in Korea regarding Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), the most advanced ICT field in the shipbuilding industry, and to suggest policy implications. In recent years, it has become important to reflect social issues of public interest in the policymaking process. For this reason, an increasing number of studies use media data and social media to identify public opinion. In this study, we collected 2,843 domestic media articles related to MASS from 2017 to 2022, when MASS was officially discussed at the International Maritime Organization, and analyzed them using text mining techniques. Through term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) analysis, major keywords such as 'shipbuilding,' 'shipping,' 'US,' and 'HD Hyundai' were derived. For LDA topic modeling, we selected eight topics with the highest coherence score (-2.2) and analyzed the main news for each topic. According to the combined analysis of five years, the topics '1. Technology integration of the shipbuilding industry' and '3. Shipping industry in the post-COVID-19 era' received the most media attention, each accounting for 16%. Conversely, the topic '5. MASS pilotage areas' received the least media attention, accounting for 8 percent. Based on the results of the study, the implications for policy, society, and international security are as follows. First, from a policy perspective, the government should consider the current situation of each industry sector and introduce MASS in stages and carefully, as they will affect the shipbuilding, port, and shipping industries, and a radical introduction may cause various adverse effects. Second, from a social perspective, while the positive aspects of MASS are often reported, there are also negative issues such as cybersecurity issues and the loss of seafarer jobs, which require institutional development and strategic commercialization timing. Third, from a security perspective, MASS are expected to change the paradigm of future maritime warfare, and South Korea is promoting the construction of a maritime unmanned system-based power, but it emphasizes the need for a clear plan and military leadership to secure and develop the technology. This study has academic and policy implications by shedding light on the multidimensional political and social issues of MASS through news data analysis, and suggesting implications from national, regional, strategic, and security perspectives beyond legal and institutional discussions.