• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.650-654
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• 2009

A 1-week-old, male Korean native calf with acute clinical signs of depression, mild diarrhea, ataxia, recumbency and tremor was referred to Chonbuk Veterinary Medical Center of Chonbuk National University. Vision loss and cornea edema were also observed on physical examination. The patient had been deteriorated with nystagumus, strabisumus and opisthtonus. Blood cell count test and blood biochemistry test revealed remarkable leukocytosis, and hypoalbuminemia and increased blood urea nitrogen. No remarkable findings were observed on radiography. On magnetic resonance imaging study, there were enlarge lateral, third, and forth ventricles. The cortical grey and subcortical white matter of left temporal lobe showed hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and slightly enhanced on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Escherichia coli strain was identified from cerebrospinal fluid sample. Palliative treatment was attempted but the neonatal calve was expired three days after admission. Severe multifocal fibrino-suppurative meningitis with Escherichia coli infection was confirmed histopathologically.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 1987

Among noninvasive approaches for the evaluation of left ventricular performance, radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) has been shown to be of particular values. Phase analysis, recently introduced as more objective means for evaluating the temporal sequence of systolic ventricular wall motion than cine image of RVG comprises a pixel by pixel Fourier transformation of the time activity curve of a multiple gated acquisition equilibrium blood pool study. To examine the regional wall motion of ventricles in myocardial infarctions, we evaluated the phase image and histogram constructed for each ventricle by total phase angle range and full width of half maximum (FWHM). This study consisted of 7 normal subjects and 23 subjects with acute myocardial infarction. Contrast ventriculography and coronary angiography was performed in all partients with myocardial infarction. And we compared the result of phase analysis with cine image of RVG and examined the interrelationship between phase analysis and contrast ventriculography with coronary angiography. The results were as follows; 1) The total phase angle range and FWHM of LV phase histogram in myocardial infarction ($86^{\circ}\;and\;32^{\circ}$, repectively) were wider than those in normal control ($38^{\circ}\;and\;18^{\circ}$, respectively p<0.01). 2) RV phase angle range and FWHM in patients with right coronary artery (RCA) occlusion ($79^{\circ}\;and\;37^{\circ}$, respectively) were wider than those in normal control ($39^{\circ}\;and\;18^{\circ}$, respectively p<0.001) and the patients without RCA occlusion ($52^{\circ}\;and\;19^{\circ}$, respectively p<0.01). 3) Phase analysis was more sensitive (95%) than cine image of RVG (70%) for the detection of regional wall motion abnormality of LV.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1525-1536
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of cine three-dimensional (3D) balanced steady-state free precession (b-SSFP) imaging combined with a non-local means (NLM) algorithm for image denoising in evaluating cardiac function in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with rTOF (mean age, 12 years; range, 7-18 years) were enrolled to undergo cardiac cine image acquisition, including two-dimensional (2D) b-SSFP, 3D b-SSFP, and 3D b-SSFP combined with NLM. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) of the two ventricles were measured and indexed by body surface index. Acquisition time and image quality were recorded and compared among the three imaging sequences. Results: 3D b-SSFP with denoising vs. 2D b-SSFP had high correlation coefficients for EDV, ESV, SV, and EF of the left (0.959-0.991; p < 0.001) as well as right (0.755-0.965; p < 0.001) ventricular metrics. The image acquisition time ± standard deviation (SD) was 25.1 ± 2.4 seconds for 3D b-SSFP compared with 277.6 ± 0.7 seconds for 2D b-SSFP, indicating a significantly shorter time with the 3D than the 2D sequence (p < 0.001). Image quality score was better with 3D b-SSFP combined with denoising than with 3D b-SSFP (mean ± SD, 3.8 ± 0.6 vs. 3.5 ± 0.6; p = 0.005). Signal-to-noise ratios for blood and myocardium as well as contrast between blood and myocardium were higher for 3D b-SSFP combined with denoising than for 3D b-SSFP (p < 0.05 for all but septal myocardium). Conclusion: The 3D b-SSFP sequence can significantly reduce acquisition time compared to the 2D b-SSFP sequence for cine imaging in the evaluation of ventricular function in children with rTOF, and its quality can be further improved by combining it with an NLM denoising method.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.484-489
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• 2003

Purpose : To understand morphologic and hemodynamic variations in patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum(PA/IVS), and to decide the best treatment modalities, we measured right ventricular volume, inflow, and outflow valvular annulus size in these patients and compared them with those of normal newborns. Methods : Eight patients with PA/IVS diagnosed by echocardiography from January to December 2001 were enrolled in this study. Among the total eight patients, five were male and three were female. The mean age of patients was 6.9 days(1-34 days), and the mean body weight was 3,343 gm (2,970-4,000 gm). Ten fullterm newborn infants with sepsis or hyperbilirubinemia without heart disease were enrolled as a control group. Echocardiographic and Doppler studies using Acuson Aspen (7Mh probe) were recorded on super-VHS videotape and later on, with review mode. We measured volumes of right and left ventricles, aortic, pulmonic, mitral and tricuspid valvular annulus sizes using an installed program, and then these parameters were compared with those of the control group. Results : Mean Z-value of tricuspid valvular annulus in PA/IVS was $-3.69{\pm}2.80$(-8.4--0.45), and tricuspid/mitral valvular annulus size ratio $0.68{\pm}0.15$(0.43--0.84). The more the tricuspid/mitral valvular annulus size ratio, the more Z-value of tricuspid valvular annulus(P=0.003, r=0.885). Those patients who underwent pulmonary valvuloplasty(balloon or surgical) had a tendency toward larger volume of the right ventricle, more Z-value of pulmonic and tricuspid valvular annulus, and more tricuspid/mitral valvular annulus size ratio than those patients who underwent a shunt operation. Conclusion : Compared to a measurement of the volume of the right ventricle, measurements of tricuspid/mitral valvular annulus size ratio and Z-value of tricuspid valvular annulus may be easier and better parameters to decide the treatment method and to predict prognosis in PA/IVS patients.