• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

Purpose : Neck pain is commonly experienced by both adolescents and adults. The purpose of this study was to measure neck disability index(NDI) and the cervical range of motion(CROM) following spinal manipulation and mobilization techniques. Methods : Thirty participants(manipulation=15, mobilization=15) with mild neck disability volunteered for this study. It was used to measure NDI with NDI questionnaire and six motions(neck flexion and extension, left and right lateral flexion, left and right rotation) with the CROM instrument. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used to estimate NDI and CROM, and compared left with right motions. Results : A significant decrease in NDI were found after spinal manipulation and mobilization treatment(p<.05). A trend toward increase in all cervical motions(flexion, extension, left and right lateral flexion, left and right rotation), after interventions, were revealed(p<.05). The significant differences were not found on NDI and CROM between the group(p<.05). It was presented asymmetric motions in cervical lateral flexion(p<.05) before and after treatment. Conclusions : Our results suggest that manipulation and mobilization probably provide at least short-term benefits for patients with mild neck pain. It is needed to be studied the factors and preventive methods influencing the asymmetric cervical motion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parent's nutritional education for body weight control of obese children. The weight control program include nutritional education, exercise and behavioral therapy during 20 weeks. Twenty- three children completed this program, the children were divided into two groups by control group and parent's nutritional education group. Parents volunteered to participate in a 4 week nutritional education program for parents and contact the therapist at least once per week to help their obese children. The results from this study were as follows. There were not significant differences in anthropometric values after weight control program between two groups. Triglyceride(TG) level in serum was decreased after weight control program in group of parent's nutritional education, but there was not significant difference. Parent's nutritional education did not add improvements in weight and fitness, but the children of parent's nutritional education group showed increased general self-worth upon completing the program(p<0.05) whereas the other children of control group did not. Also there were desirable changes of exercise and life habits in group of parent's nutritional education group.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.310-321
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• 2018

Purpose: To examine the effect of menstrual self-management education program on knowledge and behavior of menstrual self-management in high school girls. Methods: With a randomized controlled trial, 100 high school girl students were randomly assigned into experimental group and control group. Menstruation self-management program was consisted of a total of four sessions of education program (1 hour of education per session). Control group only received the first class of education. Measurement tools were 20-item menstrual knowledge scale and 12-item women's genito-urinary hygiene scale. Pretest and post-test questionnaires were administered. Results: There were significant differences in menstrual knowledge as well as menstrual self-management behavior between the two groups. The experimental group showed significant improvement in both menstrual knowledge score (t=13.37, p<.001) and menstrual self-management behavior score (t=8.38, p<.001) than the control group. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that the monthly self-management education program is effective in increasing the knowledge of menstruation of female high school students and enhancing their performance. This program needs to be implemented as a part of high school's standard sex education. Further study is needed to analyze follow-up effects of the program on self-management behavior of students after at least one menstrual cycle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.296-296
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• 2017

In order to study the content variation of Quercetin and Kaempferol associated with Varieties (with thorn, without thorn), Cultivating Locations, Collecting Seasons, Leaves of Cudrania tricuspidata (carrier) Bureau containing higher content of pharmaceutical components than the other parts were tested after collecting 6 varieties including w or w/o thorn from 4 locations such as Cheongsong, Milyang, Goesan and Gochang at 3 seasons, spring, summer and fall in 2015 and 2016. As a result, Kaempferol content associated with Varieties between with thorn and without thorn, collecting Locations and Years have no difference statistically in their mean values but the differences associated with Seasons were statistically significant. The content was higher at spring and then gradually declined at summer and fall. The content variation in Year 2015 which was higher at spring and lower at summer and then recovered at fall abnormally, shows similar pattern of sunshine variation of the year. The content variation of Quercetin and Kaempferol seems to be come from climate fluctuation specially in Sunshine hours rather than Varieties, Locations. The variation associated with drying methods for utilizing leaves are statically significant. Natural Dry was shown the least variation because heat input while drying makes degradation of the content.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of nerve mobilization, static stretching, and hold-relax on the flexibility of hamstring muscles and their surface electromyographic (EMG) responses to passive stretches in poststroke hemiparesis. This study was a randomized cross-over trial. Fourteen subjects received three treatment sessions in random order with each consisting of ten repetitions. The treatment sessions included nerve mobilization, static stretching, and hold-relax. The treatment sessions were held at least 24 hours apart to minimize any carryover effect. The outcome was measured by the distance between the greater trochanter and lateral malleolus and hamstring EMG activity during passive knee extension stretching. Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant changes in hamstring flexibility and EMG activity in main effect of time pre, post and followup (p<.05). However, no significant differences occurred among the three stretching techniques. No technique was consistently found to be superior. The three stretching techniques in this study make it difficult to determine the most effective technique. Therefore, clinicians use nerve mobilization of effective stretching techniques with other stretching techniques.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 1988

Daily milk yield estimates were obtained on 74 lactations of 35 Japanese Black cows on weeks 1 to 9, 11, 13, 17, 21 and 26 postpartum using the weigh-suckle-weigh method. The data obtained were analyzed by least-squares procedures according to the models including the following effects; dam, lactation number, season of calving, week of experiment and partial regressions on the lactation number. The overall mean and standard error for daily milk yield was $4.55{\pm}0.04\;kg$. The milk yield declined essentially linearly throughout the experimental period. The main effects of lactation number, season of calving and week of experiment were highly significant. Differences in daily milk yield among cows were significant, and the repeatability was estimated as $0.60{\pm}0.06$. The overall means(kg) and repeat-abilities of cumulative milk yield for 1, 4, 9, 13, 17, 21 and 26 weeks postpartum were 41, 0.08; 166, 0.40; 361, 0.61; 503, 0.66; 632, 0.67; 749, 0.65 and 884, 0.58; respectively. The means of calf weight at birth and 26 weeks weight for different lactations ranged from 25.5 to 33.6 kg and 145.6 to 185.4 kg, respectively. Calf daily gains between experiment weeks were low in earlier stages of lactation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.763-768
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• 2006

Genetic and pharmacological studies in mice have demonstrated a complementary role for the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) in the control of food intake, energy balance and body weight. This study was designed to investigate the associations of a MC4R gene polymorphism on chicken growth and body composition traits in broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat. A SNP (G54C) was found in CDS region of chicken MC4R gene. The analysis of the least squares and variance revealed a significant association between the G54C SNP and BW, CW and SL at 7 wk of age, and there were significant differences in different genotypes (p<0.05). The results from protein secondary structure prediction and tertiary structure prediction showed that it appeared a helix in $13^{th}$ amino acid and two strands at $14^{th}$ and $15^{th}$ amino acid in mutant protein, respectively. It maybe induce the change of the activity or function of MC4R gene in poultry.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of herbs (dill weed, fennel seed and rosemary) on color stability and lipid oxidation of ground pork patties during storage at $2^{\circ}C$ and $-20^{\circ}C$. Lipid oxidation was determined by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method. Fennel seed was identified as being the most effective ingredient in terms of meat redness (Hunter a-values) during storage at $2^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Patties treated with rosemary had lower Hunter a-values than control, and dill weed was the least beneficial in influencing meat redness, having significantly lower a-values than control patties. During frozen storage at $-20^{\circ}C$, no significant differences in a-values were observed between the control patties and those treated with fennel seed. Patties treated with rosemary had lower a-values than control and patties with dill weed had negative a-values throughout storage. The cooking process increased Hunter L-values and decreased a-values in all patty samples. TBARS values increased during storage. Rosemary displayed excellent antioxidative activity as evidenced by the completely inhibition of TBARS formation of cooked pork patties. Dill weed and fennel seed also exerted an intermediate but significant antioxidant effect during storage (p<0.05).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.689-699
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• 2017

Purpose: This research aimed to investigate the effects of a cognitive rehearsal program (CRP) on workplace bullying among nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was performed. Participants were 40 nurses working in different university hospitals in B city, South Korea. The experimental group was provided with a 20-hour CRP comprising scenarios on bullying situations, standard communication, and role-playing. To evaluate effects of the CRP, we measured interpersonal relationships, workplace bullying, symptom experience, and turnover intention at preand post-intervention. Follow-up effect was measured in the experimental group only at 4 weeks after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, there were significant differences in interpersonal relationships (F=6.21, p=.022) and turnover intention (F=5.55, p=.024) between experimental and wait-list groups. However, there was no significant difference in workplace bullying or symptom experience between the 2 groups. The beneficial effects on interpersonal relationships and turnover intention lasted at least up to 4 weeks after CRP. Conclusion: The CRP for workplace bullying improves interpersonal relationships and decreases turnover intention. So it can be utilized as one of the personal coping strategies to reduce the the turnover among nurses. Further studies on the effects of unit- or hospital-based CRP and on the long-term effects of CRP are necessary.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.634-642
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• 2007

Purpose: To investigate subjective symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders in women workers Method: From February to April, 2006, 292 women workers working in 16 companies were surveyed using KOSHA CODE (H-30-2003). Result: Of the workers, 84.0% had at least one musculoskeletal disorder. The mean score of the severity of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms was 7.41 out of 25. As for the prevalence rate by body part, shoulder was the most common and severe body part of musculoskeletal disorders, and significant differences were shown in neck, shoulder, and lower limb according to the type of working. The severity of married workers was significantly higher than that of unmarried ones. Significant difference was shown in the severity of disorders by the type of working and in body parts according to the type of working. Conclusion: The self-reported symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders were very frequent in women workers, but the severity of the symptoms was relatively low, suggesting the early symptoms of disorders. Specifically, given the highly frequent self-reported symptoms in the shoulder part found in married women workers, intensive prevention is recommended. Furthermore, an ergonomic aspect should be concerned to consider physical characteristics of women workers.