• Health Policy and Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-125
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• 1994

In developing total hospital information system, large amount of time and expense are to be spent while its results are likely to lead itself to end-users' dissatisfaction. Some of the main complaints on the part of end-users come from insufficient consideration of end-users environment as well as inappropriate representation of their requirement in the system alalysis and design. This papre addresses some advantages of Essential Logical Modeling Process for better analysis and design, explaining by example the developmental process of the Patent Management and Accounting System for a tertiary care hospital. In the case, the Essential Model, suggested by McMenamin and Palmer, proved to be an effective tool for clear separation of analysis and design phase and for better communication among system developers and with end-users. The modeling process itself contributed to better program modularity as well, shown in a Structured Chart. Difficulties in learning how to identify' essential activities' for the modeling practice were experienced in the beginnins stage, which were, however, overcome by elaborating some heuristic guideling and by rdferring to necessary tools including State Transition Diagram, Control Flow Diagram, and so many. While full evaluation of the Essential Model usag remains to wait till the completion of the case project, its strengt in making clear distinction between analysis and design phase was enough to be attractive to system analysts. The model concepts are open to many further application fields, particularly such areas as business re engineering, process remodeling, office automation, and organizational restructuring.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.19-38
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• 2005

There are differences in manner to be shown according to a basic point of view about knowledge in division which is traditional algorithm. The 1st and 2nd stage show didactic transpositions less systemic. The 3rd stage, which were influenced by the new math, uses logical mechanism. The 4th stage shows conceptual knowledge of the division independently. The 5th and 6th stage use concrete models which shows a course. The 7th stage constitutes contents systematically and shows many chances which focus on the formation of knowledge. The suggestions derived from such transition should be considered in the practice class and an elementary mathematics textbooks for meaningful learning.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.307-322
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• 2010

Traffic classification is an essential task for network management. Many researchers have paid attention to initial sub-flow features based classifiers for traffic classification. However, the existing classifiers cannot classify traffic effectively in mobile IP networks. The classifiers depend on initial sub-flows, but they cannot always capture the sub-flows at a point of attachment for a variety of elements because of seamless mobility. Thus the ideal classifier should be capable of traffic classification based on not only initial sub-flows but also various types of sub-flows. In this paper, we propose a classifiable sub-flow selection method to realize the ideal classifier. The experimental results are so far promising for this research direction, even though they are derived from a reduced set of general applications and under relatively simplifying assumptions. Altogether, the significant contribution is indicating the feasibility of the ideal classifier by selecting not only initial sub-flows but also transition sub-flows.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2014.03a
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Potential Energy Surface(PES)를 양자 계산을 통해 알아내는 것은 화학 반응을 이해하는 데에 큰 도움이 된다. 이를테면 Transition State(TS)의 configuration을 알 수 있고, 따라서 reaction path와 활성화 에너지 값을 예측하여, 진행시키고자 하는 화학반응의 이해를 도울 수 있다. 하지만 PES를 그리기 위해서는 해당 분자의 다양한 configuration에 대한 singlet point energy 계산이 필요하기 때문에, 계산적인 측면에서 많은 비용을 요구한다. 따라서 product와 reactant의 구조와 같은 critical point의 정보를 이용하여 최소한의 configuration을 sampling하여 전체 PES를 재구성하는 기계학습 알고리즘을 개발하여 다차원 PES 상에서의 화학반응의 예측을 가능하게 하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 Barbaralane의 두 안정화 된 구조의 critical point로 하여 이 주변을 random normal distribution하여, B3LYP/6-31G(d) level의 DFT 계산을 통해 relaxed scanning하여 구조와 에너지를 구하였으며, 이 정보를 Support Vector Regression(SVR) 알고리즘을 적용하여 PES를 재구현하였으며, 반응경로와 TS의 구조 그리고 활성화 에너지를 구하였다. 또한 본 기계학습 알고리즘을 바닥상태에서 일어나는 반응이 아닌, 들뜬 상태와 전자 구조가 변하는 화학반응, avoid crossing, conical intersection과 같은 Non-adiabatic frame에서 일어나는 현상에 적용 가능성을 논하고자 한다.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2010

Over the last decade, some Korean enterprises have emerged to become global players in their specialized products. How have they achieved such tremendous technological progress in a short period of time? This paper explores that question by examining the characteristics of technological innovation activities at major Korean enterprises. The paper begins with a brief review of the stages of economic growth and science and technology development in Korea. Then, the existing literature, explaining the Korean innovation model, is analyzed in order to establish a new framework for the Korean innovation model. Specifically, Korean firms have experienced three sequential phases, and thus, the Korean model, at the firm level, can be coined as "path-following," "path-revealing," and "path-creating." Then, the stylized facts in the first phase (path-following) and the second phase (path-revealing) are discussed, in the context of empirical evidence from the areas of memory chips, automobiles, shipbuilding, and steel. In terms of technology development, the Korean model has evolved as "collective learning" in the first phase, "collective recombination" of existing knowledge and technology in the second phase, and is assumed as "collective creativity" in the third phase. Ultimately, all three can be classified as "collective creation". Korean firms now face a transition in the modes of technological innovation in order to efficiently implement the third phase. To achieve remarkable progress again, as they did in the past, and to sustain the growth momentum, Korean firms should challenge new dimensions such as creative technological ideas, distinctive technological capabilities, and unique innovation systems -- all of which connote 'uniqueness'. Finally, some lessons from the Korean technological innovation experience are addressed.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.416-429
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• 2018

In social constructivist teaching, knowledge construction is achieved through learners' collective social interaction. Vygotsky argued that this process is mediated with language use, and the development of higher order thinking is realized through the transition from inter-personal psychological functions to intra-personal psychological functions. In so doing scientific concepts are internalized to learners. This study examined the third grade elementary students' inter/intra-personal psychological functions and their internalization processes during social constructivist teaching plan about strata and fossils. The lessons were designed along with Wells' dialogic inquiry and Leach and Scott's social constructivist teaching-learning sequences. Results showed that a teacher's utterances of talking with questioning to switch attention, creating cognitive disequilibrium, and expanding the width of students' opinions could make effective inter-personal psychological function. In addition, a learner's inner speech expressed into social discourse through talking about personal experiences, comparing epistemic idea with visual representation, or applying to different situation showed his/her intra-personal psychological function. Some cases of learners' internalization through language use could be at the stage of knowledge building and understanding of the spiral of knowing, but not all. Thus it is argued that a teacher's deeper insight into Vygotskian social constructivist teaching can make elementary science classroom teaching more effective in their inter/intra-psychological functions.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.533-543
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• 2010

This paper analyzed the improvement of cognitive level of the students and interactions which occurred in each step of free-topic scientific inquiry to help science teachers understand free-topic scientific inquiry better. Free-topic scientific inquiry is helpful to students with a deep strategic learning goal orientation type or a deep strategic ability goal orientation type in their transition (2B/3A) of cognitive levels. Most students have difficulties in the phase of establishing topics and hypotheses. The result says that the discussion techniques are improved through free-topic scientific inquiry, but the quality of interaction is not easily improved. The deep strategic learning goal orientation type concretizes opinion through interaction in free-topic scientific inquiry. The deep strategic ability goal orientation type are actively involve in the interaction, but they pay no attention to the process because they stick to the result. The surface strategic ability goal orientation type can not deepen a discussion due to high frequency of low level inquiry. However, the frequency of high level inquiry increases through free topic scientific inquiry operation. As a result, the characteristics of free-topic scientific inquiry were discussed and the educational implications of the progress of free-topic scientific inquiry and the organization of grouping were drawn.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.105-128
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• 2013

One of the biggest changes in 2007 Curriculum Revision is introduction of letter, equation, direct proportion and inverse proportion in fifth and sixth grade of mathematics. The purpose of this study is to provide some implications about teaching-learning method for introduction of letters, teaching and learning activities of equation between the 6th Curriculum and 2007 Curriculum Revision. The below conclusions were drawn from findings obtained in this study. First, the letter and expression were learned in fifth and sixth grade until 6th Curriculum and were learned in seventh grade in middle school of 7th Curriculum. But letter, equation are introduced in 2007 Curriculum Revision again. The overall contents of letter and expression were learned on the 'Relationship' domain in the 6th Curriculum, it were learned on the 'Letter and expression' domain in the 7th Curriculum and is learned on the 'Regularity and problem-solving' domain in the 2007 Curriculum Revision. Second, teaching method of these contents was to promise some definitions at first and then to solve exercises in the 6th Curriculum. But leaning was forced to improve student's problem-solving in the 7th Curriculum. To reduce student's pressure offers at a minimum mathematics terms and to provide problem situations to students who contact daily, it is emphasized on learner's communication in the 2007 Curriculum Revision. We want to be easily connected elementary mathematics and higher mathematics through this study about letter, equation. We recognized how we teach the letter and expression to reduce misconceptions and draw a transition from arithmetic thinking to algebraic thinking and want to be continue of another studies.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.3 s.120
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• pp.453-467
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• 2007

This study has shown that geography teachers need the professionalism in a Teaching and learning aspect. Together with the transition of epistemology and the operation of the Subject Matter-based curriculum, etc the demand for professionalism of teachers is much higher than ever. But the less discussion about what the professionalism of geography teachers based on subject traits and its components are has been mentioned. Especially the previous studies related with geography teachers usually distinguished the contents from the methods in the geography teaching in a dichotomy and tried to apply to a class model in the theoretical aspects, so they $didn't^{\circ}{\varnothing}t$ present the enough measures to improve the professionalism of geography teachers in the synthetic aspects. In this study, after I found the components of professionalism required to geography teachers in a teaching and learning, I tried to present measures to improve the professionalism of geography leathers in the macroscopic aspects. The geography teacher should be a teacher to design a region as a process than a result, and a teacher as a reflective practitioner than a technical practitioner. The improvement of professionalism should be achieved through the process of cooperation with an educational reflection in the individual aspects.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.273-278
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the limitations of university operating system changes as a result of the policy changes and outcomes of the university lifelong education system support project by project period, and based on this, to propose a development plan to support the university's adult learning system. In this study, we sought to investigate changes in the higher education environment and changes in lifelong education in universities through analysis of literature and various data. The changing times of technological innovation and changes in knowledge require continuous learning even after school education, and the need for re-education and improved education is increasing. Therefore, the Ministry of Education and the National Institute for Lifelong Education have been actively carrying out support projects for lifelong learning-centered universities since 2008 to provide adult learners with opportunities to study. This project is centered around universities and the local community, and is promoting various types of changes in educational operation, such as reforming the university's academic system to be adult-friendly and operating night or weekend classes in order to provide educational opportunities for adult learners. Now, universities must play a role as a hub of regional lifelong education for the coexistence of the region and university, and as a key institution responsible for the contemporary tasks of sustainable development and coexistence between the university and the community.