• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to develop SPA system using diagnostic and formative assessment in earth science classes in order to discuss its effect on learning achievement and self-directed learning attitude. For this purpose, we developed total management system, app for teachers, and app for students. This research was practiced to 76 students in 5th grade. The results are as follows. Firstly, the group taking a class used by app for diagnostic and formative assessment had an effect of improving learning achievement. However, as for learning achievement long term endurance test, the group taking a class using app for diagnostic and formative assessment had no effect. Secondly, the group taking a class using apps for diagnostic and formative assessment had an effect of improving learners' self-directed learning attitude. As for self-directed long-term endurance test, the group taking a class using app for diagnostic and formative assessment had an effect. In conclusion, I hope that this SPA system might apply to the science classes as it is a system that will satisfy the needs of both teachers and students, giving much needed feedback to students.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2022

Pharmacists should maintain professional competencies to provide optimal pharmaceutical care services to patients, which can be achieved through continued commitment to lifelong learning. Traditionally continuing education (CE) has been widely used as a way of lifelong learning for many healthcare professionals. It, however, has several limitations. CE is delivered in the form of instructor-led education focused on multiple learners. Learning is passive and reactive for participants, so it sometimes does not lead to bringing behavioral changes in workplace performance. Therefore, recently the concept of lifelong learning tends to move from CE toward continuing professional development (CPD). CPD is an ongoing process that improves knowledge, skills, and competencies throughout a professional's career. It is a more comprehensive structured approach toward the enhancement of personal competencies. It emphasizes an individual's learning needs and goals and enables learning to become proactive, conscious, and self-directed. CPD consists of four stages: reflect, plan, learn, and evaluate. CE is one component of CPD. Each stage is recorded in a CPD portfolio. There are many practical difficulties in implementing the complete CPD system for lifelong learning of pharmacists in many countries including Korea. Applying a hybrid form that utilizes CPD and CE together, as in the case of some countries, could be an alternative. Furthermore, in undergraduate pharmacy education, it is necessary to teach students about CPD and train them on how to perform CPD as a pharmacist.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of online writing contents on college students' learning strategy, achievement motivation, and knowledge sharing attitudes. Online writing contents were developed in the 4th class and operated as a extracurricular. The contents were developed in 25 minutes and included quizzes for learning activities. Changes in learning strategy, achievement motivation, and knowledge sharing attitude were analyzed for 149 students who finally completed online writing contents operated as a extracurricular. As a result of the analysis, it was found that online writing contents had a significant effect on college students' learning strategy, achievement motivation, and knowledge sharing attitude. Online contents is not limited by time and space, and since it can be used according to the learning plan, the utilization effect is attracting attention. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct various studies such as developing contents tailored to the needs of students and analyzing their effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.693-696
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• 2021

There are various algorithms in reinforcement learning, and the algorithm used differs depending on the field. Even in games, specific algorithms are used when developing AI (artificial intelligence) using reinforcement learning. Different algorithms have different learning methods, so artificial intelligence is created differently. Therefore, the developer has to choose the appropriate algorithm to implement the AI for the purpose. To do that, the developer needs to know the algorithm's learning method and which algorithms are effective for which AI. Therefore, this paper compares the learning methods of three algorithms, SAC, PPO, and POCA, which are algorithms used to implement game AI. These algorithms are practical to apply to which types of AI implementations.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.67-72
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• 2017

Deep learning neural network becomes very popular nowadays due to the reason that it can learn a very complex dataset such as the image dataset. Although deep learning neural network can produce high accuracy on the image dataset, it needs a lot of time to reach the convergence stage. To solve the issue, we have proposed a scaling method to improve the neural network to achieve the convergence stage in a shorter time than the original method. From the result, we can observe that our algorithm has higher performance than the other previous work.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.59-74
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• 1998

Home economics lesson plan model was developed based on cooperative learning stategy focusing on human development and family relations area. The cooperative learning is an instructional strategy that meets the challenge of helping students master home economics content objectives by acquiring and practicing the social skills that are essential in life for satisfactory relationships with peers, families, coworkers, and others in society. Through cooperative learning, students can satisfy their needs for friendship, power, belongs, and fun. Practical problems were selected in human development and family relations area for middle school students assuming that home economics is critical science. Lesson plans were developed according to the practical problems, "what should we do regarding the effective communication between family members\ulcorner".ner".uot;.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.109.3-109
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• 2001

The so-called curse of dimensionality arises when Gaussian mixture is used on high-dimensional small-sample-size data, since the number of free elements that needs to be specied in each covariance matrix of Gaussian mixture increases exponentially with the number of dimension d. In this paper, by constraining the covariance matrix in its decomposed orthonormal form we get a local PCA model so as to reduce the number of free elements needed to be specified. Moreover, to cope with the small sample size problem, we adopt BYY data smoothing learning which is a regularization over maximum likelihood learning obtained from BYY harmony learning to implement this local PCA model.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of market orientation and learning orientation of textile firms on business performance and to confirm the moderating effect of company innovativeness on these relationships. Data collected from 167 textile firms through survey were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tests, and multiple causal modeling using AMOS 6.0. In results, the higher innovativeness, the stronger effect of market orientation on business performance. Also, the lower innovativeness, the stronger effect of learning orientation on business performance. Study results may suggest the needs of different focus of organization culture according to company characteristics in order to improve business performance.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to review the essentials of teaching-effectiveness affecting the students' achievement. Any discussion of psychological research and theory concerned with the way teachers affect student learning must consider a variety of issues germane to this research. These issues provide a context for interpreting the research presently available and for identifying an appropriate agenda for future research.Finally, research on teacher effects needs to expand its concern for the psychological mechanisms that are responsible for student learning from instruction. Within the context of this study, that concern is probably the major challenge facing educational psychologists interested in the teaching-learning process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.227-237
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• 2003

U-learning stresses the ubiquitous networking environment where different sizes of U-devices, let alone the dominant PCs, comprise a background infrastructure to enhance knowledge and performance. This paper suggests a U-learning system that will provide an alternative for the hectic private lessons, particularly English training among grade-school students. Several points are suggested of the U-system to be a cost-effective alternative. Besides the corresponding advancement of U-networking, the production of a profitable business model harnessing the emerging technology is most urgent. The Government authorities should recognize the potential U-social system solutions, and take an initiative to develop them. The latest technology seems to throw a light to the upcoming social systems applied in various fields of social needs.