• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

This study was conducted by survey and inspection of stair passage leading lights in shopping buildings which are more than 5 stories and have an underground parking lot located at Pyeongtaek-si and Seongnam-si. Number of shopping building for this study is 30 and of stair passage leading light inspected by two lights in each shopping building is 60. The result of this study is that the type of installed leading lights is LED(77%), and 60% of leading lights has problem such as no cleaning, scratch and discoloration, etc. The height of installed leading lights meets the fire law which is less than 1m from the floor. Visible condition of leading lights is good except some leading lights which have a little visible problem due to banner advertisement. 37% of standby power has flickered and went out. 93% of total leading lights meets the fire law which is more than 1lux from 0.5m distance, but cold cathode fluorescent lamps(CCFLs) have the problem which not meets proper brightness level based on fire law. In additional measurement result, zero lux of leading lights is 32%(from 1m distance), 68%(from 1.5m distance) and 98%(from 2m distance). Leading light is very important facility because it is eyes and guide when emergency. Therefore, proper fire facility operating function inspection and total detailed inspection are important to keep the good condition of leading light except simple visual check, and also improvement in law system of type approval, fire construction inspection and illumination level will be needed.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.3037-3047
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• 2000

This paper describes a method of tracking a close leading vehicle by color image processing using the pairs of tail and brake lights. which emit red light and are housed on the rear of the vehicle in stop-and-go traffic condition. In the color image converted as an HSV color model. candidate regions of rear lights are identified using the color features of a pair of lights. Then. the pair of tailor brake lights are detected by means of the geometrical features and location features for the pattern of the tail and brake lights. The location of the leading vehicle can be estimated by the location of the detected lights and the vehicle can be tracked continuously. It is also possible to detect the braking status of the leading vehicle by measuring the change in HSV color components of the pair of lights detected. In the experiment. this method tracked a leading vehicle successfully from urban road images and was more useful at night than in the daylight. The KAV-Ill (Korea Autonomous Vehicle- Ill) equipped with a color vision system implementing this algorithm was able to follow a leading vehicle autonomously at speeds of up to 15km!h on a paved road at night. This method might be useful for developing an LSA (Low Speed Automation) system that can relieve driver's stress in the stop-and-go traffic conditions encountered on urban roads.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.87-88
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• 2019

Leading Lights and Sector Lights provide a navigable channel, heading reference and a visual indication. Mariners can take easily a reference bearing or line of position. The Busan North Port needed to install a sector light to resolve blind sections because of Busan Port Redevelopment Project D-1 Block Construction Plan. And also the busan new port needed to install a sector light to give safety indication because navigation conditions will be changed due to removal of the to-island. For this reason, design development was made for installation of sector lights. In addition, the results of design development were compared with the AtoN simulation and verified. This paper is expected to be very useful for installing Sector Lights to guide the vessel to port safely in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.538-539
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• 2009

The light of lighthouse as aids to navigation has been using filament with incandescent bulb so heat is being changed to light. More and More, LED leading lights, LED lantern, LED concrete main structure, LED bulb which have advantages of low power consumption and longer durability, what we call radiating diode, will lead the market in few years.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.231-238
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• 2011

Variable message signs(VMS) in use are being displaying with the LED device as the luminous source, and it is a recent trend to be changed from the Lamp type to the Surface-Mount Devices(SMD) type. The LED device leads to get VMS display brightly and clearly, leading to have visibility and legibility better than the existing VMS. However, the lights which display off the road, the unnecessary energy, might have negative effect on ecosystem. This study developed the way of getting the lights be displayed only to drivers without the unnecessary energy and estimated the energy efficiency of the development by the optical testing. As a result, this study showed that the energy consumption of the developed display device appeared to decrease by about 36.1% compared to the existing device. Also the upward and downward angle of the lights changed from an angle of $24^{\circ}C$ to $0^{\circ}C$and from an angle of $-24^{\circ}C$ to $-11^{\circ}C$, respectively. Therefore, it anticipates that the developed device would benefit highway safety due to an improvement in visibility and legibility compared to the existing VMS and the energy consumption would be less lower than the existing VMS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.1057-1079
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• 2023

This paper examines the use of semiotics for analyzing fashion advertisements in the fast fashion industry. While previous studies have explored the use of semiotics in various industries, the application of this theory in the fashion sector-especially regarding fast fashion's commercial videos related to sustainability-remains underexplored. The paper adopts Roland Barthes' Semiotics Theory to analyze the advertising videos related to the sustainability of major fast fashion brands such as H&M, MANGO, and ZARA. The research approach involved reviewing all commercial videos related to sustainability on these brands' official YouTube accounts and conducting comprehensive analyses of advertisements using the binary opposition analysis framework. The paper's findings indicate that these commercial videos serve as a platform to mold a brand's sustainability image and promote the notion that fast fashion brands are leading the charge toward sustainability, preparing for an unpredictable future, guiding people toward hope, and offering ultimate freedom. This research high-lights the necessity for a critical examination of advertising videos related to sustainability in the fast fashion industry to guarantee accountability and transparency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.311-320
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• 1997

We selected horse mackerel Trachurus japonicus, mackerel Scomber japonicus and arrow squid Todarodes pacificus, to be used in the experiment. These fishes migrate to the Cheju coast and were caught by set-net. We studied on the attracting effect and the leading effect on the fish school using incandescent lights in an outdoor water tank at the Marine Research Institute Cheju National University. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The horse mackerels, mackerels and arrow squids were actively attracted to the incandescent light. The optimum illumination and the reactions of each fish school were different though. 2. We turned the first attracting lamp on and turned it off after ten minutes. Then we turned the second attracting lamp on and turned it off after another ten minutes. The reaction of each fish school was a little bit different, but it worked to lead them to their destination. 3. We turned the three attracting lamps on at the same tune. After ten minutes, We turned the first attracting lamp off. After another ten minutes we turned the second attracting lamp off. The reaction of each fish school was a bit different, but it worked to lead them to their destination. 4. One incandescent light was moving. The reaction of each fish school was a little bit different, but it worked to lead them to their destination.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.413-419
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• 2023

Light Emitting Diodes(LEDs) are widely utilized not only in lighting but also in various applications such as mobile phones, automobiles, displays, etc. The integration of LED lighting with communication, specifically Visible Light Communication(VLC), has gained significant attention. This paper presents the direct implementation and experimentation of a Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V) Visible Light Communication system using commonly used red and yellow LEDs in typical vehicles. Data collected from the leading vehicle, including positional and speed information, were modulated using Non-Return-to-Zero On-Off Keying(NRZ-OOK) and transmitted through the rear lights equipped with red and yellow LEDs. A photodetector(PD) received the visible light signals, demodulated the data, and restored it. To mitigate the interference from fluorescent lights and natural light, a PD for interference removal was installed, and an interference removal device using a polarizing filter and a differential amplifier was employed. The performance of the proposed visible light communication system was analyzed in an ideal case, indoors and outdoors environments. In an outdoor setting, maintaining a distance of approximately 30[cm], and a transmission rate of 4800[bps] for inter-vehicle data transmission, the red LED exhibited a performance improvement of approximately 13.63[dB], while the yellow LED showed an improvement of about 11.9[dB].

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2012

After the modern age, the rapid urbanizationhad a big impact on the then architecture. R. Venturi and A. Rossi are two of the leading architects, developing architecture in cities in the US and Europe respectively. This study shed light on a tangible and intangible meaning and interpretation of urban landscapes through their architectural thoughts and architectures. The followings are the physical and intangible meaning and interpretation in architectural thoughts and works of those two architects. Venturi understood that iconological landscapes at the roadside in large citiesare the nature of physical landscapes. To Venturi, the façades of buildings at the roadside are a part of signage such as traffic lights and road signs, and those façades have the meaning of symbolic systems beyond simple physical landscapes. To A. Rossi, types of buildings as physical townscapes are a key role supporting raw data of classification in architecture. And also, those types have significance of the basic data shedding light on the principles and history of cities. For intangible factors in R. Venturi's architecture, daily routine, function and use, time, a use for a building and others form complex architecture. And also, those factors describe shared values of the same period as the façades of buildings and complex symbols and formative lexicons in metaphorical terms. For A. Rossi's intangible factors, 'collective memory' is buried in inhabitants of the city, and with that, the city is a place for memory to its inhabitants. What is more, cities' monuments have intangible landscapes like 'sustainability', 'permanence' and so on. With lots of events happening throughoutcities, those monuments are the whole images of cities giving the value to the urban buildings that reside in cities. Finally, R. Venturi's all-encompassing complex architecture concept was extended on a tangible and intangible point of townscapes. It was found that A. Rossi's tangible thought was formed from the whole landscape of historic cities in then Italy as the background of time and place. Also, With types of urban buildings and 'collective memory', A. Rossi drew architectural norms and formats of unchangeable types.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.6
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• pp.79-91
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• 1998

Design principles for high-brightness ligh-temitting diodes have been derived by using escape cone concepts. Based on the design principles, some important high-brightness LED structures developed thus far have been reviewed and, in addition, their external coupling efficiencies have also been estimated. In AlGaAs or InGaAIP LEDs, in which photon absorption in the ohmic electrodes is known to be serious, photon shielding by the electrodes is minimized by using window layer (WL) as well as transparent substrate (TS) leading to significantly improved light-emitting efficiency. However, in InGaN LEDs emitting blue to green lights, the photon absorption in ohmic contact to wide bandgap GaN may be negligible and therefore, photon shielding by the electrodes would not lead to as significant problems as in conventional In AIGaAs or InGaAIP LEDs.