• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.127-136
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• 2002

This papers presents a practical damage detection algorithm based on damage index method that accurately assesses both the location and severity of the localized detriment in a bridge structure using only limited mode shapes. In the algorithm, the ratio of the modal vector sensitivity of an undamaged structure to that of a damaged structure is used as an indicator of damage. However, a difficulty arises when the damaged element is located at a node of mode where the amplitude of medal vector is close to zero, leading the singularity of the ratio (i.e., division-by-zero). This singularity problem is overcome by introducing a parameter denoted a sensitivity filter, a function of mode shape of the structure, in modal vector sensitivity. Using this concept, an improvement can be considerably achieved in the estimation of both degree of severity and location of damage. To verify the proposed algorithm, its numerical implementations are conducted for a simply supported beam and a 2-span continuous beam.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.229-239
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• 2011

This study aims to suggest profitability models of local cultural festival to be a focal point of local culture to overcome the abuses as an annual event led by the local government agencies have been in force in every local areas currently, to elicit the local residents' voluntary participation and to engage the outside tourists in connection of a more effective promotion and marketing. The festival is attractive to people with that provoke mirth and inspire curiosity, but the festival is not a one-time event ongoing maintenance enlarge: It is absolutely necessary in order to effort to reach at consumer-oriented quality of service. Also this research intends to present a activation scheme by developing profitability models to make profits while holding a number of risks taking into account the characteristics of the local festival service carried out. To this end, based on established research, leading indicator and expert opinion were analyzed through multiple regression analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.64-71
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• 2016

Recently, nanotechnology has grown as one of the leading science technology along with other converging technologies such as biology, information, medicine etc., bringing the continuous investment of the government in nano-related field. However, it is difficult to measure and evaluate the performance of the national research and development programs because of the multidimensional character of the expected outcomes. This study aims to measuring efficiency of the national nanotechnology research and development programs using DEA model. The decision making units are nine nano-related ministries including the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning. The input variables are total expenditure, number of the programs and average expenditure per program. The output variables are science, technology and economic indicator, and the combination of these outputs are respectively measured as seven different DEA cases. The Ministry of Science, ICT and Future was the first efficient ministry in total technical efficiency. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety were efficient in pure technical efficiency, when the Ministry of Commerce Industry and Energy took the first in the scale efficiency. The program efficiency was affected by organizational characteristics such as the institution's scale, the concentration of the research paper or the patent, technology transfer or the commercialization. The result of this study could be utilized in development of the policy in the nanotechnology and the related field. Furthermore, it could be applied for the modification of expenditure management or the adjustment of the research and development programs' input and output scale for each ministry.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2017

Based on the super elastic properties of the shape memory alloy (SMA) and the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric (PZT) ceramics, a kind of hybrid semi-active control device was designed and made, its mechanical properties test was done under different frequency and different voltage. The local search ability of genetic algorithm is poor, which would fall into the defect of prematurity easily. A kind of adaptive immune memory cloning algorithm(AIMCA) was proposed based on the simulation of clone selection and immune memory process. It can adjust the mutation probability and clone scale adaptively through the way of introducing memory cell and antibody incentive degrees. And performance indicator based on the modal controllable degree was taken as antigen-antibody affinity function, the optimization analysis of damper layout in a space truss structure was done. The structural seismic response was analyzed by applying the neural network prediction model and T-S fuzzy logic. Results show that SMA and PZT friction composite damper has a good energy dissipation capacity and stable performance, the bigger voltage, the better energy dissipation ability. Compared with genetic algorithm, the adaptive immune memory clone algorithm overcomes the problem of prematurity effectively. Besides, it has stronger global searching ability, better population diversity and faster convergence speed, makes the damper has a better arrangement position in structural dampers optimization leading to the better damping effect.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8617-8622
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• 2014

The goal of this study was to establish paclitaxel resistant MCF-7 cells, as in vitro model, to identify the molecular mechanisms leading to acquired chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Resistant cells were developed by stepwise increasing exposure to paclitaxel. Gene expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 along with protein levels of caspase-8 and caspase-9 were evaluated in two resistant cell lines (MCF-7/Pac64 and MCF-7/Pac5 nM). Morphological modifications in paclitaxel resistance cells were examined by light microscopy and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). As an important indicator of resistance to chemotheraputic agents, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio showed a significant increase in both MCF-7/Pac5nM and MCF-7/Pac 64nM cells (p<0.001), while caspase-9 levels were decreased (p<0.001) and caspase-8 was increased (p<0.001). FACS analysis demonstrated that MCF-7/Pac64 cells were smaller than MCF-7 cells with no difference in their granularity. Our results support the idea that paclitaxel induces apoptosis in a mitochondrial-dependent manner. Identifying breast cancer patients with a higher Bcl-2/Bax ratio and caspase 9 level and then inhibiting the activity of these proteins may improve the efficacy of chemotheraputic agents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.101-105
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• 2016

The number of deaths is often measured to monitor the population health status and priority of health problems. However, number of years of life lost (YLL) is a more appropriate indicator in some cases. We have calculated the YLL of adult cancers and its trend over the past few years in Yazd to provide planners with baseline data. Data obtained from death registration system were used to calculate the YLL, based on each individual's age at death, and the standardized expected YLL method was applied with a discount rate of 0.03, an age weight of 0.04, and a correction factor of 0.165. All data were analyzed and prepared in Epi6 and Excel 2007. A total of 3,850 death records were analyzed. Some 550 patients in Yazd province aged ${\geq}20$ die annually due to cancer (male: female ratio 1.3). The average ages at death in lung, CNS, breast cancer and leukemia cases were 68.5, 59, 58.7 and 61, respectively. The age group of 40-59 with 21 % had the highest cancer mortality percentage. Premature cancer deaths have caused 40,753 YLL (5,823 YLL annually). Females lose on average more life years to cancer than do men (11.6 vs 9.8 years). Lung cancer (12.1%), CNS tumors (11.7%) and leukemia (11.4 %) were the leading causes terms of YLL due to all cancers in both sexes. From 2004 to 2010, cancer-caused YLL as a fraction of all YLL increased from 12.8 to 15.2 %. This study can help in the assessment of health care needs and prioritization. Cancer is the major cause of deaths and the trend is increasing. The use of YLLs is a better index for measurement of premature mortality for ranking of diseases than is death counts. Longer periods of observation will make these trends more robust and will help to evaluate and develop, better public health interventions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.91-93
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• 2003

It has been estimated that the equivalent of approximately $US 50 billion has been spent on research on the behavior and fate of pesticides in the environment since Rachel Carson published “Silent Spring” in 1962. Much of the resulting knowledge has been summarized explicitly in computer algorithms in a variety of empirical, deterministic, and probabilistic simulation models. These models describe and predict the transport, degradation and resultant concentrations of pesticides in various compartments of the environment during and after application. In many cases the known errors of model predictions are large. For this reason they are typically designed to be “conservative”, i.e., err on the side of over-prediction of concentrations in order to err on the side of safety. These predictions are then compared with toxicity data, from tests of the pesticide on a series of standard representative biota, including terrestrial and aquatic indicator species and higher animals (e.g., wildlife and humans). The models' predictions are good enough in some cases to provide screening of those compounds which are very unlikely to do harm, and to indicate those compounds which must be investigated further. If further investigation is indicated a more detailed (and therefore more complicated) model may be employed to give a better estimate, or field experiments may be required. A model may be used to explore “what if” questions leading to possible alternative pesticide usage patterns which give lower potential environmental concentrations and allowable exposures. We are currently at a maturing stage in this research where the knowledge base of pesticide behavior in the environmental is growing more slowly than in the past. However, innovative uses are being made of the explosion in available computer technology to use models to take ever more advantage of the knowledge we have. In this presentation, current developments in the state of the art as practiced in North America and Europe will be presented. Specifically, we will look at the efforts of the ‘Focus’ consortium in the European Union, and the ‘EMWG’ consortium in North America. These groups have been innovative in developing a process and mechanisms for discussion amongst academic, agriculture, industry and regulatory scientists, for consensus adoption of research advances into risk management methodology.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.149-161
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to present the direction of improving the Korean Government 2.0 services by evaluating the quality of the service and analyzing its effects on user satisfaction. Recently, on the extension of e-government, Government 2.0, which is the government service combined with Web 2.0, has emerged as a new paradigm. However, there are very few studies on the impact of Government 2.0 on general society and industries. Especially, there is little or no practical analysis and evaluation for the quality of Government 2.0 service. Because the service quality is typically used as the leading indicator of user satisfaction, this study applies it to the Government 2.0 for the validation of the existingtheory in a particular subject. The service quality was measured by the tangibles, reliability, responsiveness of revised SERVQUAL, the efficiency and security of the E-S-QUAL. Inconclusion, this study has empirically significant implications for providing a theoretical foundation for measuring the quality of the Government 2.0 service.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12B
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• pp.1537-1547
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• 2011

With the development of ICT technology, the broadcasting and communication networks of Korea have been bigger, faster and more reliable and Korea has become one of the leading countries in the ICT industry. Through the international ICT indices, we can see different economies' ICT industry competitiveness at a glance and high ranking in such indices can make national brand image improve. However almost all the existing international ICT indices mainly focused on the telecommunication industry, not on the broadcasting industry. This study thus aims to develop a new index focusing on broadcasting and communication networks. This new index is composed of 3 sectors such as access, usage and environment with different weight respectively and using objective indicators. This study also aims to contribute to improve Korea's national brand image by developing new systematic and effective broadcasting and communication index.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.15 no.2 s.27
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• pp.61-68
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• 1976

Leading soybean cultivars such as Kwanggyo, Yugu No.3, Dongbugtae, Gangrim, and Eundaedu were heavily diseased by a virus in Korea. The disease was most severe in the northern provinces where soybean mosaic virus also occurrs, but the disease has also been observed in other provinces where soybean diseases are less prevalent. The disease symptoms were similar to bud blight caused by tobacco ringspot virus; but this was not confirmed in inoculation tests on indicator plants and serological experiments. There were some differences in varietal susceptibility to the disease, with symptom variation depending on the soybean cultivar and source of inoculm. Disease symptoms on infected soybean plants were mottling and necrosis. The present results, therefore, indicate some strains of SMV or a mixture of legume viruses may or may not be responsible for the disease.