• 제목/요약/키워드: Layered FGMs

검색결과 13건 처리시간 0.018초

기능성 경사복합재의 적층조형을 위한 분해기반 공정계획 (Decomposition-based Process Planning far Layered Manufacturing of Functionally Gradient Materials)

  • 신기훈;김성환
    • 한국CDE학회논문집
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.223-233
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    • 2006
  • Layered manufacturing(LM) is emerging as a new technology that enables the fabrication of three dimensional heterogeneous objects such as Multi-materials and Functionally Gradient Materials (FGMs). Among various types of heterogeneous objects, more attention has recently paid on the fabrication of FGMs because of their potentials in engineering applications. The necessary steps for LM fabrication of FGMs include representation and process planning of material information inside an FGM. This paper introduces a new process planning algorithm that takes into account the processing of material information. The detailed tasks are discretization (i.e., decomposition-based approximation of volume fraction), orientation (build direction selection), and adaptive slicing of heterogeneous objects. In particular, this paper focuses on the discretization process that converts all of the material information inside an FGM into material features like geometric features. It is thus possible to choose an optimal build direction among various pre-selected ones by approximately estimating build time. This is because total build time depends on the complexity of features. This discretization process also allows adaptive slicing of heterogeneous objects to minimize surface finish and material composition error. In addition, tool path planning can be simplified into fill pattern generation. Specific examples are shown to illustrate the overall procedure.

소결시간에 따른 적층형 Mg0.93Ca0.07TiO3-(Ca0.3Li0.14Sm0.42)TiO3 세라믹스의 마이크로파 유전특성 (Effect of Sintering Time on Microwave Dielectric Properties of Layered Mg0.93Ca0.07TiO3-(Ca0.3Li0.14Sm0.42)TiO3 Ceramics)

  • 조준엽;윤기현;김응수;김태홍
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제39권9호
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    • pp.890-895
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    • 2002
  • $Mg_{0.93}Ca_{0.07}TiO_3(MCT)$$(Ca_{0.3}Li_{0.14}Sm_{0.42})TiO_3(CLST)$ 세라믹스를 적층형 경사기능재료 구조로 제조한 뒤 소결시간에 따른 마이크로파 유전특성의 변화를 고찰하였다. 소결시간의 변화에 대하여 유전상수는 거의 일정한 값을 유지하였으나, 품질계수는 밀도와 각 유전체 층에 인가되는 열응력의 변화에 의해 영향을 받았다. 적층형 시편의 밀도가 증가할수록, 각유전체 층에 작용하는 열응력이 감소함에 따라 전체 품질계수 값은 증가하였으며, CLST 보다 열팽창 계수가 작은 MCT층에 인가되는 압축응력의 변화에 대하여 품질계수 값은 민감하게 영향을 받았다. 1300$^{\circ}C$에서 9시간 소결한 적층형 경사기능재료 구조의 시편의 MCT층에 가장 큰 압축응력이 인가되었으며, 이 때 가장 낮은 품질계수를 나타냈다.

Transfer matrix method for solution of FGMs thick-walled cylinder with arbitrary inhomogeneous elastic response

  • Chen, Y.Z.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.469-477
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    • 2018
  • This paper presents a numerical solution for the thick cylinders made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) with a constant Poisson's ratio and an arbitrary Young's modulus. We define two fundamental solutions which are derived from an ordinary differential equation under two particular initial boundary conditions. In addition, for the single layer case, we can define the transfer matrix N. The matrix gives a relation between the values of stress and displacement at the interior and exterior points. By using the assumed boundary condition and the transfer matrix, we can obtain the final solution. The transfer matrix method also provides an effective way for the solution of multiply layered cylinder. Finally, a lot of numerical examples are present.

Strain Analysis for Quality Factor oft he Layered Mg0.93Ca0.07TiO3-(Ca0.3Li0.14Sm0.42)TiO3 Ceramics at Microwave Frequencies

  • Cho, Joon-Yeob;Yoon, Ki-Hyun;Kim, Eung-Soo
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.222-225
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    • 2002
  • Microwave dielectric properties of the layered and functionally graded materials (FGMs) of $Mg_{0.93}Ca_{0.07}TiO_3$ (MCT) and $(Ca_{0.3}Li_{0.14}Sm_{0.42})TiO_3$(CLST) were investigated as a function of the volume ratio of two components. Dielectric constant was decreased with an increase of the volume ratio of MCT which had a lower dielectric constant thant CLST. For the layered FGMs specimens, the difference of thermal expansion coefficients between two components induced thermal strain to dielectric layers, which was confirmed by the plot of ${\Delta}$k (X-ray diffraction peak width0 versus k (scattering vector) using the double-peak Lorentzian function, f(x). Quality factor of the specimens was affected by the thermal strain of dielectric layer, especially MCT layer. For the specimen with the volume ratio of MCT/CLST = 2, the qulaity factor of the specimen showed a minimum value due to the maximum thermal strain fo MCT layer.

레이저 적층조형을 이용한 P21 툴 스틸과 Cu 간 기능성 경사 복합재의 제작 (Fabrication of Functionally Graded Materials Between P21 Tool Steel and Cu by Using Laser-Aided Layered Manufacturing)

  • 정종설;신기훈
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.61-66
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    • 2013
  • 적층조형 방법의 개발로 열전도성 금형 혹은 형상적응형 냉각회로를 구비한 금형의 제작이 가능하게 되었다. 금형의 재질로 치수변화가 적은 P21 툴 스틸이 널리 사용되고 있지만, 열전도율이 낮기 때문에 냉각효율은 높지 않다. 이러한 점에서 열전달 효율을 극대화 시킬 수 있는 방법으로 P21 스틸과 구리(Cu)를 기능적으로 혼합한 기능성 경사 복합재(FGM)를 사용하는 방법이 검토되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 FGM 구조를 가지는 금형의 적층조형을 위한 예비연구로 P21-Cu 간의 1 차원 FGM 을 DMT 장비를 이용하여 제작하고, 열전달 관련 물성치를 평가하였다.

A novel solution for thick-walled cylinders made of functionally graded materials

  • Chen, Y.Z.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.1503-1520
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    • 2015
  • This paper provides a novel solution for thick-walled cylinders made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). In the formulation, the cylinder is divided into N layers. On the individual layer, the Young's modulus is assumed to be a constant. For an individual layer, two undetermined constants are involved in the elastic solution. Those undetermined coefficients can be evaluated from the continuation condition along interfaces of layers and the boundary conditions at the inner surface and outer surface of cylinder. Finally, the solution for thick-walled cylinders made of functionally graded materials is obtainable. This paper provides several numerical examples which are useful for engineer to design a cylinder made of FGMs.

수산화아파타이트와 지르코니아의 경사기능 재료의 제조 (Fabrication of functionally graded materials of hydroxyapatite and zirconia)

  • 김성진;조경식;박노진
    • 한국결정성장학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.115-119
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    • 2001
  • 수산화아피타이트와 이트리아 부분 안정화된 지르코니아의 바를 달리하는 3층 구조를 가즌ㄴ 생체 재료용 경사기능재료(FGMs)를 spark plasma sintering(SPS)과 hot pressing(HP) 장비로 제조하였다. HAp 원료에 대한 전처리를 실시할 경우 HAp의 소결성이 개선되었다. 전처리하여 얻은 FGM 복합체의 최고밀도는 전처리하지 않은 FGM 보다 낮은 온도에서 얻을 수 있었다. SPS로 FGM 소결체를 제조할 경우 10 MPa의 가압조건에서 8분 동안 소결 할 경우, $1200^{\circ}C$의 온도에서도 HAp의 TCP로의 분해 반응은 일어나지 않았으나. 이 온도에서 FGm의 지르코니아는 정방정에서 압방정으로와 상변화가 일어났다. 지르코니아 첨가에 따라. 즉 지르코니아의 응력 유기 상전이에 의해, HAp-ZrO$_2$ FGm 소결체의 기계적 물성이 증진된 것으로 예산된다. 치밀하고 고강도의 FGM을 제조하는 방법으로서 SPS가 HP공정에 비해 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

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A simple plane-strain solution for functionally graded multilayered isotropic cylinders

  • Pan, E.;Roy, A.K.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.727-740
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    • 2006
  • A simple plane-strain solution is derived in this paper for the functionally graded multilayered isotropic elastic cylinder under static deformation. The solution is obtained using method of separation of variables and is expressed in terms of the summation of the Fourier series in the circumferential direction. While the solution for order n = 0 corresponds to the axisymmetric deformation, that for n = 2 includes the special deformation frequently utilized in the upper and lower bounds analysis. Numerical results for a three-phase cylinder with a middle functionally graded layer are presented for both axisymmetric (n = 0) and general (n = 2) deformations, under either the traction or displacement boundary conditions on the surface of the layered cylinder. The solution to the general deformation case (n = 2) is further utilized for the first time to find the upper and lower bounds of the effective shear modulus of the layered cylinder with a functionally graded middle layer. These results could be useful in the future study of cylindrical composites where FGMs and/or multilayers are involved.

기능성 경사 복합재를 이용한 사출금형의 냉각회로 모델링 (Modeling of Cooling Channels of Injection Mould using Functionally Graded Material)

  • 신기훈
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제35권12호
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    • pp.1647-1653
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    • 2011
  • 일반적으로 사출금형의 사출주기는 플라스틱 제품의 냉각 시간에 크게 좌우되는 데, 냉각회로를 적용하여 조절할 수 있다. 금형의 냉각회로는 전통적으로 기계가공을 통하여, 직선형상만을 생성할 수 있었지만, 최근 적층조형 방법의 개발로 코어 형상을 따라가는 형상적응형 냉각회로를 생성할 수 있게 되었다. 한편 금형의 다이 재질로 열저항력이 크고, 치수변화가 적은 H13 스틸이 널리 사용되고 있지만, 열전도율이 낮기 때문에 냉각효율은 높지 않다. 이러한 점에서 열전달 효율을 극대화 시킬 수 있는 방법으로 H13 스틸과 구리(Cu)를 기능적으로 혼합한 기능성 경사 복합재(FGM)를 적층조형을 이용하여 냉각회로에 적용하는 방안이 검토되고 있다. 이러한 시도로서 본 논문에서는 H13 스틸과 Cu 간의 FGM을 이용한 형상적응형 냉각회로의 모델링 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

Axisymmetric analysis of a functionally graded layer resting on elastic substrate

  • Turan, Muhittin;Adiyaman, Gokhan;Kahya, Volkan;Birinci, Ahmet
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제58권3호
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    • pp.423-442
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    • 2016
  • This study considers a functionally graded (FG) elastic layer resting on homogeneous elastic substrate under axisymmetric static loading. The shear modulus of the FG layer is assumed to vary in an exponential form through the thickness. In solution, the FG layer is approximated into a multilayered medium consisting of thin homogeneous sublayers. Stiffness matrices for a typical homogeneous isotropic elastic layer and a half-space are first obtained by solving the axisymmetric elasticity equations with the aid of Hankel's transform. Global stiffness matrix is, then, assembled by considering the continuity conditions at the interfaces. Numerical results for the displacements and the stresses are obtained and compared with those of the classical elasticity and the finite element solutions. According to the results of the study, the approach employed here is accurate and efficient for elasto-static problems of FGMs.