• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.47-50
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• 2002

This paper presents the results of fire resistance properties of high performance concrete varying with fiber kinds and the size of metal lath in order to verify the validities of fiber on the spatting resistance by fire. Metal lath, glass fiber and carbon fiber are used to confine the concrete. According to test results, plain concrete without lateral confinement and confined concrete with glass fiber and carbon fiber show entire failure after exposed to fire, while confined concrete with metal lath take place in the form of slight surface spatting by fire, which has favorable spatting resistance of concrete. As for the effect of the size of metal lath, when the size of metal lath is more than 1.2mm of thickness, the residual strength of concrete exposed to fire maintains more than 80% of its original strength. However, glass fiber and carbon fiber does not perform desirable spatting resistance by fire due to loss of lateral confinement of fiber exposed to fire caused by melting of fiber and reducing bond strength between concrete and fiber.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1998

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of solution-treatment temperature on the microstructure and damping capacity of a martensitic Fe-7%Ni-0.4%C alloy. The size of lath increased from $0.3{\mu}m$ to $0.55{\mu}m$ with increasing the solution-treatment temperature from 700 to $1100^{\circ}C$. In addition, the size of block, packet, and austenite grain had tendency to increase with increasing solution-treatment temperature. The damping capacity of the Fe-7%Ni-0.4%C martensitic alloy decreased with increasing the solution treatment temperature. The reason is not attributed to the increase in the size of lath, block, packet, and austenite grain, but to the increase in vacancy concentration which hinders dislocation motion.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.249-256
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• 2019

The 9Cr-1Mo ferritic-martensitic ODS steel is a promising structural material for the next generation nuclear power plants including fast reactors for application in reactor vessels and nuclear fuel. The ODS steel was cooled down by furnace cooling, air cooling, oil quenching and water quenching, respectively, after normalizing it at $1150^{\circ}C$ for 1 h and then tempering at $780^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. It is found that grain size, a relative portion of ferrite and martensite, martensitic lath configuration, behaviors of carbide precipitates, and hardness of the ODS steel are strongly dependent on a cooling rate. The grain size and martensitic lath width become smaller with the increase in a cooling rate. The carbides were precipitated at the grain boundaries formed between the ferrite and martensite phases and at the martensitic lath interfaces. In addition, the carbide precipitates become smaller and more widely dispersed with the increase in a cooling rate, resulting in that the faster cooling rate generated the higher hardness of the ODS steel.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.188-197
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• 1997

Effect of martensite morphology on damping capacity and hardness of Fe-Ni-C martensitic alloys were studied. The morphologies of martensite such as lath, butterfly, lenticular and thin plate were prepared by adjusting nickel content and austenite grain size. The hardness increased in order of lath, lenticular, thin plate, butterfly. The damping capacities of the lath and butterfly martensites were higher than those of the other two morphologies, indicating that the dislocation substructure is more effective in the damping capacity than the twin substructure. Especially, the butterfly martensite showed the highest damping capacity among these morphologies because of presence of not tangled but free dislocations in there.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.274-277
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• 2009

There have been a number of works on manufacturing ultrafine grained steels with average ferrite grain sizes of smaller than a few micrometers to develop beneficial high strength steels. Among microstructures in low carbon steels, lath martensite is known to be useful to produce an ultrafine grained ferrite matrix and finely globular cementite particle. Thus, severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing at lower temperature of lath martensite would become an effective way to produce ultrafine grained steels. However, most ultrafine grained steels exhibited a total elongation of a few per cent in tensile tests. Such a defect is one of the primary factors restricting the potential applications of ultrafine grained steels. Therefore, the improvement of the strength-elongation balance is required for the application of ultrafine grained structural steels. In this study, the effect of deformation temperatures on microstructure, such as ferrite grain size and the distribution of cementite particles, and mechanical property of lath martensite steels, was investigated. Specimens were fabricated through cold rolling or warm rolling and subsequent annealing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.346-346
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• 2001

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.327-337
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• 2011

Effects of microstructural change, tensile properties and impact property according to the change of austenitizing temperature and tempering temperature of AISI 51B20 steel were examined. Regardless of austenite grain size, lath martensite with needle and packet shapes was found at tempering temperature of $300^{\circ}C{\sim}400^{\circ}C$. The needles of lath martensite changed to parallel packet at tempering temperature of $450^{\circ}C{\sim}600^{\circ}C$. As tempering temperature increased, tensile strength, yield strength and hardness decreased, while elongation, ratio of reduction area and Charpy impact energy increased. Grain size increased when quenching temperature was $930^{\circ}C$. Grain size had prominent effect on the mechanical properties of AISI 51B20 steel. Ratio of tensile strength/yield strength and yield strength autenitized at $880^{\circ}C$ followed by tempering at $350^{\circ}C{\sim}450^{\circ}C$ showed higher values than that of autenization at $930^{\circ}C$ due to fine grain size.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 1981

A study has been performed on the effect of TMT(thermomechanical treatment) on the mechanical properties of steel and aluminum alloys. Improvement of the mechanical properties on steel by HTMT is due to refinement of prior austenite grain size, martensite lath size and the distribution of fine carbide precipitates and on aluminum alloy by ITMT is due to grain size refinement, homogeneous distribution of small second phase particles and retardation of the recrystallization.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.198-204
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• 1996

This work was carried out in order to investigate the effect of grain size on martensitic transformation temperature and morphology of Fe-27%Ni-0.27%C alloy. The martensitic transformation temperature was raised with increasing the austenitizing temperature within the range from $750^{\circ}C$ to $1200^{\circ}C$, owing to the grain growth, vacancy concentration. It was observed that the larger was the austenite grain, the higher was the martensitic transformation temperature. The influence of the austenite grain size was similar to that of the austenitizing temperature. The morphology of martensite in Fe-27%Ni-0.27%C alloy changed from lath to lenticular with the variation of grain size. From the above results, it was concluded that the martensitic transformation temperature and morphology was mainly dependent upon the austenite grain size.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.518-524
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• 2016

The thermal aging effects on mechanical properties and microstructures in China low-activation martensitic steel have been tested by aging at $550^{\circ}C$ for 2,000 hours, 4,000 hours, and 10,000 hours. The microstructure was analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the grain size and martensitic lath increased by about $4{\mu}m$ and $0.3{\mu}m$, respectively, after thermal exposure at $550^{\circ}C$ for 10,000 hours. MX type particles such as TaC precipitated on the matrix and Laves-phase was found on the martensitic lath boundary and grain boundary on aged specimens. The mechanical properties were investigated with tensile and Charpy impact tests. Tensile properties were not seriously affected by aging. Neither yield strength nor ultimate tensile strength changed significantly. However, the ductile-brittle transition temperature of China low-activation martensitic steel increased by $46^{\circ}C$ after aging for 10,000 hours due to precipitation and grain coarsening.