• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.328-341
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• 1987

We reviewed 147 cases of primary carcinoma of the lung between January 1975 and December 1986 at the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Department, Yonsei university College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. There were 116 males and 31 females with 93.72% ranging in age from 40 to 69 years. The mean age was 61.01 years. To 69 years of age with 61.01 years of mean age. There were 92 [62.59%] cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 29 [19.73%] cases of adenocarcinoma, 8 [5.44%] cases of undifferentiated large cell carcinoma, 8 [5.44%] cases of undifferentiated small cell carcinoma and 10 [6.8%] cases of bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma. 50 [34.01%] patients in stage I and 49 [33.26%] patients in stage II underwent pneumonectomies and lobectomies with a 67.27% rate of resection, where as only 49.12% of stage III patients were resected. Also 7 [30.43%] of the 23 stage IV cases were surgically resected and confirmed stage IV after surgical resection. The actuarial survival rate according to classification are as follows. The one and 3 year survival rate of the patients in stage I were 96% and 84% respectively. The one and `3 year survival rate of the patients in stage II were 100% and 66.6%, whereas the one and 3 year survival rate of the patients in stage III, T3 were 78.57% and 69.84%. The survival rates of patients in stage I, II, III T3 were better than those of the other stages. There were significant differences in observed survival for patients with stage II as compared with the patients with stage Ill, T3. [p=0.0005]. An aggressive surgical approach still offered the greatest chance for long-term survival even in stage Ill, T3. The survival rate in patients with resectable cases including stage III, T3 might be improved with an aggressive surgical approach. The one and 3 year survival rates of patients in stage III, N2 were 56.67% and 43.7 I%. The one and 3 year survival rates of patients in stage IV were 21.43% and 3.57%. Patients in stage III, N2 or IV had markedly decreased survival rates. When the carcinoma cell type was the basis for the determination of rate of survival, the result were as follows; The one, 3 and 5 year survival rates of squamous cell carcinoma were 78.33%, 60.19%, and 57.32%, and the one and 3 year survival rates of adenocarcinoma were 55.56% and 44.49%. The survival rates of large cell carcinoma were 66.67%, and 44.45%, at one, three and five years respectively. The one and 3 year survival rates of bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma were 71.43% and 47.62%, the one, 3 and 5 year survival rates of small cell carcinoma were 40%, 20% and 20%. The survival rate of squamous cell carcinoma was better than that of other cell carcinomas, the survival rate of small cell carcinoma was the worst. The operative mortality rate was 1.36%. There were 10 cases of post-operative complications including 2 cases of bleeding which required further surgery, 2 cases of wound infection, and 4 cases of empyema thoracis. The length of survival of three of the empyema thoracis cases was 16, 98 and 108 months respectively, Four male patients all older than 47 years survived more than 9 years, post surgery, although one developed empyema thoracis. These four cases were initially classified as 2 cases of stage I and one each of stage II and stage III, T3. We have concluded that the survival rates of patients in stages I, II and III, T3 were improved after complete surgical resection.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1599-1603
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• 2015

Background: Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes due to promoter hypermethylation is one of the frequent mechanisms observed in cancers. Hypermethylation of several tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle regulation has been reported in many types of tumors including oral squamous cell carcinomas. LATS1 (Large Tumor Suppressor, isoform 1) is a novel tumor suppressor gene that regulates cell cycle progression by forming complexes with the cyclin dependent kinase, CDK1. Promoter hypermethylation of the LATS1 gene has been observed in several carcinomas and also has been linked with prognosis. However, the methylation status of LATS1 in oral squamous cell carcinomas is not known. As oral cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in India, the present study was designed to investigate the methylation status of LATS1 promoter and associate it with histopathological findings in order to determine any associations of the genetic status with stage of differentiation. Materials and Methods: Tumor chromosomal DNA isolated from biopsy tissues of thirteen oral squamous cell carcinoma biopsy tissues were subjected to digestion with methylation sensitive HpaII enzyme followed by amplification with primers flanking CCGG motifs in promoter region of LATS1 gene. The PCR amplicons were subsequently subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis along with undigested amplification control. Results: HpaII enzyme based methylation sensitive PCR identified LATS1 promoter hypermethylation in seven out of thirteen oral squamous cell carcinoma samples. Conclusions: The identification of LATS1 promoter hypermethylation in seven oral squamous cell carcinoma samples (54%), which included one sample with epithelial dysplasia, two early invasive and one moderately differentiated lesions indicates that the hypermethylation of this gene may be one of the early event during carcinogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to have explored and identified positive association between LATS1 promoter hypermethylation with histopathological features in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.185-188
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• 1999

폐에 발생한 거세포암종은 대세포암의 일종의 변형으로 현미경상 전체세포중 10% 이상의 거대한 다형, 다핵의 거세포종으로 구성되어 있으며, 중성구가 종양세포내로 들어가는 세포내행동(Emperipolesis)이 특징적인 소견이다. 국소재발과 초기전이를 잘 일으키는 고도의 악성종양으로 예후는 불량하나, 수술후 보조화학요법과 방사선요법에 의해 생존률을 높일 수 있다는 보고들이 있다. 2달간의 객혈을 주소로 내원한 46세의 남자환자가 단순 흉부 X선 검사와 전산화 단층촬영상 우상엽 첨부에 5 cm크기의 종괴가 발견되었고, 수술을 위한 검사도중 관상동맥조영술상 좌전하행지에 협착소견이 보여 경피적 경혈관혈관확장술을 시행하였다. 4주후 우상엽 절제술을 시행후 병리조직상 거세포암종으로 확인되어, 보조화학요법과 방사선요법을 받았다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.588-591
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• 2009

A 26-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma underwent $^{99m}Tc$-HDP bone scintigraphy for detecting bony metastasis after left total nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. $^{99m}Tc$-HDP bone scintigraphy showed small hot lesion in the first lumbar spine. About 12 months later, he underwent spinal MRI for lower back pain. A large mass was seen around spinous process of the first lumbar spine (L1) on spinal MRI and confirmed as metastatic renal cell carcinoma by bone biopsy. $^{99m}Tc$-HDP bone scintigraphy and $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT were underwent for further evaluation. $^{99m}Tc$-HDP bone scintigraphy showed cold lesion in the first lumbar spine which was initially hot and newly developed hot lesion in the twelfth thoracic spine, and which were shown as hypermetabolic lesions in $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT. We report a case of bony metastasis from renal cell carcinoma which is changed from hot lesion to cold lesion in $^{99m}Tc$-HDP bone scintigraphy and compare with $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.201-204
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• 2015

Background: This study was designed to determine the accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology (BAL) using histopathologic examination of transbronchial biopsy specimens as the gold standard in diagnosis of lung carcinoma at our center. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to investigate a total of 388 patients who were suspected of having lung cancer and had undergone fiberoptic bronchoscopy in Shahid Sadoughi hospital from 2006 to 2011. Lung masses were proven to be malignant by histology. Results: Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) identified malignancy in 183 of the 388 cases, including 48 cases (26.2%) with adenocarcinoma, 4(2.1%) with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, 47(25.6%)with squamous cell carcinoma, 34(18.5%) with well-diffentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, 35(19.1%) with small cell carcinoma, 14 (7.6%) with non-small cell carcinoma, and 1 (0.54%) with large cell carcinoma. A total of 205 cases were correctly classified as negative. BAL was also performed in 388 patients; 86/103 cases were consistent with the final diagnosis of lung cancer and 188/285 cases were correctly classified as negative. The sensitivity of BAL was 46.9%(CI:41.9%, 51.8%)) and its specificity was 91.6%(CI:88.8%, 94.3%). BAL had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83.4%(CI:79.7%, 87.1%) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 65.8%(CI:61%, 70.5%). The overall accuracy of BAL was 70.5% and the exact concordance was 39%. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that BAL cytology is not sensitive but is a specific test for diagnosis of lung carcinoma. If transbronchial lung biopsy is combined with bronchoalveolar lavage, the positive diagnostic rate will be further elevated.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 1991

We report 4 cases of malignant thymoma which were composed of 2 cases of invasive thymoma and 2 cases of thymic carcinoma. The cytologic findings of invasive thymoma were similar to those of benign thymoma. The distinctive cytologic features of thymic carcinoma were necrotic background, irregular clusters and individually scattered arrangement of anaplastic epithelial cells, and some scattered mature small lymphocytes. These findings may be found in the Hodgkin's lymphoma, seminoma, and metastatic squamous ceil carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and large ceil carcinoma of the lung. But, the feature of irregular clustering of anaplastic epithelial cell haying scanty cytoplasm was different from Hodgkin's lymphoma and seminoma. Clinical and radiologic findings as well as cytologic finding were helpful in differential diagnosis of thymic carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.273-280
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• 1999

저자들은 소세포 폐암으로 확진된 환자에서 오심 구토 혈변등 위장관 증상을 호소하여 상부 위 내시경 검사 및 조직 생검을 시행하여 위장으로의 전이를 확인한 2 예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.3057-3060
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• 2015

Background: Cytological examination of pleural effusions is very important in the diagnosis of malignant lesions. Thoracentesis is the first investigation to be performed in a patient with pleural effusion. In this study, we aimed to compare traditional with cell block methods for diagnosis of lung disease accompanied by pleural effusion. Materials and Methods: A total of 194 patients with exudative pleural effusions were included. Ten mililiters of fresh pleural fluid were obtained by thoracentesis from all patients in the initial evaluation. The samples gathered were divided to two equal parts, one for conventional cytological analysis and the other for analysis with the cell block technique. In cytology, using conventional diagnostic criteria cases were divided into 3 categories, benign, malignant and undetermined. The cell block sections were evaluated for the presence of single tumor cells, papillary or acinar patterns and staining with mucicarmine. In the cell block examination, in cases with sufficient cell counts histopathological diagnosis was performed. Results: Of the total undergoing conventional cytological analyses, 154 (79.4%)were reported as benign, 33 (17%) as malignant and 7 (3.6%) as suspicious of malignancy. With the cell block method the results were 147 (75.8%) benign, 12 (6.2%) metastatic, 4 (2.1%) squamous cell carcinoma, 18 (9.3%) adenocarcinoma, 5 (2.6%) large cell carcinoma, 2 (1%) mesothelioma, 3 (1.5%) small cell carcinoma, and 3 (1.5%) lymphoma. Conclusions: Our study confirmed that the cell block method increases the diagnostic yield with exudative pleural effusions accompanying lung cancer.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.309-316
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• 1996

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the gingiva. Oral cancer accounts for 5 percent of all malignant tumors in the body, and 6 percent of these occur in the gingiva. We present one case of squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva in 23-year-old female. She complained of gingival swelling and pain during mastication between left maxillary first molar and second molar. Since she had received scaling 2 years ago, food impaction occurred frequently in this site and an ulcerative lesion recurred several times. When she was referred from local clinic, she had a large, irregularly ulcerated lesion of palatal gingiva between left maxillary first molar and second molar, accompanying induration in center and slight elevation around ulcerative margin. The etiology could not be defined but we could diagnose by careful history taking and excisional biopsy of the recurrent ulcerative lesion. In addition, computed tomography and nuclear medicine imaging were undertaken. As a result, we finally diagnosed as moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma without metastases. It is concluded that if ulcerations do not respond to therapy in the usual manner, it should be biopsed and histologically evaluated for the definitive diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2023

Generally, if the size of a lip cancer defect exceeds 30% of the lower lip, a local flap or free flap is recommended. However, defects up to 50% of the lower lip in size have been reconstructed successfully by primary closure without a local flap or free flap. In one case, an 80-year-old male farmer who had smoked for more than 50 years presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip and underwent mass resection and supraomohyoid neck dissection. The defect accounted for almost 2/3 of the lower lip and was repaired by primary closure with V-shaped resection. Biopsy results confirmed pT2N0cM0 stage II disease with clear margins. In another case, a 68-year-old male also presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip and underwent mass resection. The defect accounted for about half the size of the lower lip but was repaired by primary closure with V-shaped resection. Both patients experienced no discomfort while eating or speaking and were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional outcomes with no evidence of recurrence. Thus, direct closure can be considered even in large lower lip cancers.