• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2001

One of the major environmental issues Japanese cities is now facing with is the conservation of seminatural landscapes for the restoration of ecological integrity of urban areas. The satoyama landscape, which includes coppice woodlands, agricultural areas and rural settlements, is seen as an indispensable semi-natural landscape, formed as a result of man-nature interaction. However, because of the loss of the economic viability they are now abandoned and in the process of losing their ecological values. Today a number of local municipalities as well as NPO groups are involved in the conservation projects of these landscapes. Although satoyama landscapes are commonly believed to have maintained their character over the years, historical studies have revealed that these landscapes have experienced constant and dynamic changes due to a variation in human impacts. It is therefore understood that the conservation projects on satoyama landscapes should not intend to restore their past condition, but should wet the goal of maintaining their dynamic character by promoting ecological roles which the landscapes may play in the contemporary world. EXPO2005 project in Aichi Prefecture is a good example of a development project underway on satoyama landscapes which intend to conserve the landscapes by stimulating contemporary ecological for them. In EXPO2005 project the key issue was the conservation of semi-natural landscapes formed by constant and intensive human impacts over the centuries and thus allowing endemic and endangered species to be accommodated. The planning team proposed a scheme to restore economic viability of satoyama landscapes. The scheme involves re-introducing intensive human impacts through a new management system with an innovative technology. This may restore the economic viability of lumbers provided form satoyama woodlands. EXPO2005 is understood as a model case which stimulates contemporary ecological functions of satoyama landscapes by applying innovative planning concepts.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.577-589
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• 2023

국내의 경관영향평가는 시각적 영향을 평가하는 기술적 기법은 표준화되어 있지만, 해양경관 자체를 평가하는 방법은 표준화되지 않은 한계가 있어 개선이 필요한 실정이다. 특히 국내의 해상풍력발전의 경관영향평가에서도 경관 자체를 수용체로 인식하고 그 경관의 특성 및 민감도를 평가할 수 있는 체계 마련이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해상풍력발전 사업의 사업 특성을 반영한 해양경관의 질 평가서 작성에 관한 평가방안을 제시하고, 실제 사업대상지를 사례로 적용하여 활용 가능성을 검토하였다. 해상풍력발전 사업 시 해양경관의 질 평가는 사전 조사 내용을 바탕으로 경관 특성, 물리적 특성, 사회문화적 특성의 평가항목을 평가하고, 5개의 등급으로 구분하여 해양경관의 질을 평가하였다. 다음으로 평가 항목의 평가 기준을 종합하여 해양경관의 질 등급을 보존등급(5급)-준보존등급(4급)-완충등급(3급)-준 개선등급(2급)-개선등급(1급)으로 구분하여 판정하였다. 또한, 실제 사업대상지인 신안우이 해상풍력 발전사업 단지를 임의로 선정하여 평가 과정을 수행하고 활용성을 검토하였다. 본 연구는 해상풍력발전 사업 시 기존의 시각영향평가 위주의 방법을 보완하고 해양경관 자체의 질을 평가하여 해상풍력발전 사업 진행 시 해양경관자원을 효과적으로 보전하고자 하였다. 경관평가 시 기계적이고 정량적인 평가에 의존하기보다는, 사업대상지의 입지적, 사회문화적 특성에 대한 종합적 이해와 이해당사 자들과의 소통과 협력을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2015

Recent years, nationwide projects for ecological restoration are implemented with emerging issues on the stream ecosystem. In order to enhance effectiveness of the ecosystem restoration and reduce negative impact, the appraisal of effectiveness through the follow-up monitoring and the adaptive management process are executed in consecutive phase. In this study, planning phase, monitoring and adaptive management in Hakui stream which is part of An Yang stream restoration project is introduced as representative ongoing case of effective adaptive management. The aim of this study is to verify the adaptive management process and suggest direction of effective restoration. Restoration project of Hakui stream resulted in increasing number and diversity of species (vegetation, fish, bird, invertbrates, amphibian and reptilia) according to monitoring from 2004 to 2013, and enhancing natural river landscape by evaluation of river naturalness among 2001(before restoration), 2007 (after), 2015 (recent). However, excessive vegetation expansion or sediment deposition on channel over time caused unexpected results such as terrestrialization or degradation of habitats. Adaptive management action such as removing disturbance species (Humulus japonicus)(2007), coppicing willow (2007), release of march snail (2007), creation of wetland (2014) were implemented based on monitoring results. And then appraisal of management action was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제2호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2004

Urban stream restoration projects can improve water quality, wildlife habitats, urban landscape, outdoor recreation spaces, and urban microclimate. The objectives of this research were to investigate temperature cooling effect of urban streams by using satellite imagery, to evaluate environmental variables related to stream cooling effect, and to estimate the cooling effect of the Cheonggye stream restoration project of Seoul, Korea. Findings of this research can be summarized as follows. First, a method of estimating temperature distribution around urban streams by using satellite imagery was developed. Scatter plots of distance from stream edges and average temperature obtained through multiple buffering were used for the estimation. Second, urban temperature cooling effect of streams was estimated by comparing background temperature and temperature of each buffer zone. Third, environmental factors affecting stream cooling effect were also identified. Fourth, the temperature cooling effect of the restoration project was estimated based on three scenarios. An estimated cooling effect based on the average cooling effect of existing tributaries showed the most significant effect; $2.0^{\circ}C$ lower than the present level at the edge of the renovated stream. It was estimated that the temperature of the same area would be $1.4^{\circ}C$ cooler than the present level if the cooling effect of the Yangjaechun was used as the bench mark But the effect would be $1.2^{\circ}C$ lower than the present level if environmental variables related to the temperature cooling effect of urban streams were used as the bench mark.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1089-1102
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• 2022

Recently, urbanization has become a serious issue, as there is imbalance between regions and various environmental problems occur intensively in cities. Therefore, cities all over the world are promoting the Green New Deal and trying to realize carbon neutrality. Accordingly, the European Union is leading the creation of carbon-neutral cities by promoting policies aimed at rapidly realizing carbon neutrality. In Korea, projects such as U-City and Smart City have also been promoted continuously for many years, and recently, the projects Smart Green City and Carbon Neutral Green City have been introduced. Therefore, this study aimed to derive directions and implications for future projects based on policies to address climate change by analyzing the guidelines for the Smart Green City project and the project plans of Gimhae-si and Gangjin-gun, which are the leading projects in the Smart Green City business model and are equipped with an extensive budget.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 건축주, 공무원, 전문가를 대상으로 한 인식조사를 통해 대지의 조경 제도에 대한 인식 차이와 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 세 집단 모두 도시녹지 확보의 필요성을 높게 인식하고 있다. 사적재산권을 제한하더라도 공공 편익을 위해 녹지를 확보해야 한다는 인식수준이 높게 나타났다. 대지의 조경 제도에 대한 관심 수준 역시 보통 이상으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 건축주 집단을 포함해 설문 응답자들은 현재보다 대지의 조경 면적 기준을 강화할 필요성이 있다고 응답하였다. 이를 통해 최근 많은 지자체에서 건축조례 개정을 통해 대지의 조경 면적 기준을 완화하는 것을 재검토할 필요성이 있음을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 대다수의 지자체는 대지의 조경 업무를 추진할 수 있는 조직체계가 갖추어져 있지 않다. 조경 설계 및 유지 관리 전문분야 공무원을 신규 채용하거나, 관련 부서와의 협의를 확대하는 것이 필요하다. 넷째, 건축주들은 조경에 관심은 있지만 구체적인 관리 방법을 알지 못해 조경 공간을 방치하고 있다. 지자체는 건축주들이 쉽게 따라할 수 있는 건축물 조경 설계 및 시공방법을 안내하고, 수목 등을 지원함으로써 지역주민들의 자발적인 조경 공간 관리를 활성화할 필요성이 있다. 다섯째, 건축물 조경 제도 개선을 위해서는 우선 대지의 조경의 효과 검증과 공감대 확산이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 정부 차원에서는 도시재생사업 등과 연계해 건축주들이 조경 공간의 가치를 인식할 수 있도록 우수 조경 설치 사례를 시범사업 등을 통해 제시할 필요성이 있다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.107-120
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• 2013

A lot of rural development projects have been planned and implemented for revitalizing rural areas in South Korea. However, it is not easy to properly evaluate and quantitatively analyze project outcomes. For this reason only selected regions have been evaluated for rural projects by government agencies. In this study, we analyzed the purpose and the contents of the Rural Village Development Project (RVDP) and Green Tourism Village Project (GTVP) to find indicators for evaluating results of rural projects using logistic regression analysis. Outputs of this study show that RVDPs increase regional population and GTVPs positively affect the sales of agricultural products. We also estimated the spatial distribution of project effects through spatial autocorrelation analysis and local-spatial autocorrelation analysis. Results show that the Moran's I values for the proportion of farmers with avocational jobs, product sales changes, and population growth in Jeol-La province are positive and the biggest one is population growth. Especially, key areas of agricultural product sales are widely distributed.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1997

The objective of this study is to investigate actual conditions of terrestrial vegetation part in Environmental impact statement, and to prepare a proposal for the efficiency of Environmental Impact Assessment. 13 E.I.S.s made out during 1996.6-1997.5. have been chosen and analysed with respect to scope of survey, item of survey, method of survey, and result of survey. Actual conditioins of terrestrial vegetation part in E.I.S. are summarized as follows : 1. The mean number of total participants in drawing up E.I.S. is 26.0 persons, that of participants in terrestrial vegetation part is 2.3 persons. 2. In case of planar project, the mean of scope of survey is 16.1 times as large as area of project . In case of linear project, the scope of survey has been determined arbitrarily. 3. The most part of survey has been dependent on literature, and field survey has been practically neglected. 4. Results of survey mostly missed the point that E.I.A. pursues. And proposals are as follows : 1. Participants in terrestrial vegetation part in drawing up E.I.S should be increased. 2. It is necessary to subdivide scope of survey in view of difference between planar project and linear project. 3. As for item and method of survey, field survey should be specially reinforced. 4. Several sheets of map as results of survey should be included in E.I.S. The vegetation map, the D.G.N. map, and the planting map should be included and drawn by smaller scale as possible.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2019

In a situation in which rural areas are declining, local governments are seeking to revitalize areas by place marketing. Place marketing, defined by various efforts to promote the image of a place, has been used as an economic tool. As a result, the image has been over-promoted and marketing has been driven in a perfunctory manner, so individual residents' lives and experiences have been ignored. Thus, in addition to the traditional types of cultural place marketing and economic place marketing, this study established a 'project for rural revitalization of Hwayang-eup' so that it could be applied to political place marketing aimed at inducing internal investment and improving the welfare of local residents. To implement this project, the concept was set up as building network organization, sustainable development and symbiotic relationship, and various H/W and S/W plans were developed. First of all, in terms of political place marketing, the Hwaeyang Oulim Center was constructed to strengthen the capacity of local autonomous organizations. In terms of cultural place marketing, we explored cultural resources at the village level and created a small community space. In terms of economic place marketing, the landscape around the main street and the township was reorganized to create a cultural business space for urban and rural exchanges. The reinterpretation of place marketing seen through this project was first, it was more process-oriented than results, second, it was important to induce the community-participating village-making project, and finally, the role of experts was important to expand the community movement.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.89-106
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• 1998

This essay addresses the role of environmental aesthetics in landscape architecture : how can environmental aesthetics enrich landscape architectural theory and practice\ulcorner It begins by criticizing the predominant notions toward theory : theory as an instrumental design method, theoretical vacuum in modernism of landscape architecture, and the intimate relation of theory and practice in 18th-century England. It suggests that the expulsion of theory in landscape architectural academics and profession is nothing but an inappropriate bias. In the second place, the essay explores a remaining question : why environmental aesthetics is a part of landscape architectural theory\ulcorner I would argue that environmental aesthetics can transcend the man-nature(subject-object) dichotomy, one of heritages of Western modernity project. Here, landscape architecture meets environmental aesthetics, and both can intermediate between theory and practice. For landscape architecture is (and ought to be) a device of embodied communication, creating symbolic settings wherein an interconnection of man and nature can occur. Finally, this essay examines the aesthetics of engagement that Arnold Berleant claimed recently. This theory of aesthetic experience has a possibility of making corrections some improper conventions in landscape architectural creation and appreciation : disinterested contemplation, visual-orientedness, decoration-denteredness, and so forth. I would conclude that environmental aesthetics can be a significant theory which can correct misconceptions in landscape design and appreciation and, further, can lead contemporary practice. As the great mediator between man and nature, between theory and practice, environmental aesthetics has a profound role to play in the realm of landscape architecture, and vice versa.