• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.20-30
• /
• 2007

Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) is the class map to divide the national land into conservation areas and development areas based on legal and ecological assessment criteria. It contributes to enhancements of the efficiency and the scientificity when framing a policy in various fields including the environment. However, it is impossible to understand the multiphase vegetation structure as data on judging the national forest class in ECVAM are restricted to areal information of Ecological Nature Status, Degree of Green Naturality and Forest Map. This point drops the reliability of ECVAM. Therefore we constructed vegetation information using LiDAR (Light Detection And Raging) technology. We generated Biomass Class Maps as final results of this study, to introduce the new forest assessment criterion in ECVAM that alternates or makes up for existing forest assessment criteria. And then, we compared these with Forest Map and Landsat TM NDVI image. As a result, biomass classes are generally higher than stand age classes and DBH classes of Vegetation Map, and lower than NDVI of Landsat TM image because of the difference of time on data construction. However distributions between these classes are mostly similar. Therefore we estimates that it is possible to apply the biomass item to the new forest assessment criterion of ECVAM. The introduction of the biomass in ECVAM makes it useful to detect the vegetation succession, to adjust the class of the changed zone since the production of Vegetation Map and to rectify the class error of Vegetation Map because variations on tree heights, forest area, gaps between trees, vegetation vitality and so on are acquired as interim findings in process of computing biomass.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.44-56
• /
• 2000

Landsat TM 영상을 이용하여 곰소만 간석지의 미지형을 분류하고, 현지조사를 통하여 분류된 각 미지형의 퇴적물 입도 특성과 지형특성을 밝혔다. 내만 쪽의 mud flat는 갯골과 갯골 사이의 평탄지로 이루어져 있으며, 평균입경이 $4{\phi}$ 이하의 세립질이고 분급은 1 S.D. 이상이며, positive skewness를 보인다. 만구쪽에 분포하는 sand flat는 갯골이 없이 평탄한 지형을 이루며 ripple mark가 발달해 있다. 분급이 좋은 모래로 대부분 구성되어 있고 negative skewness를 보인다. mixed flat는 mud flat 와 sand flat와의 중간적 특징을 보인다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2007

윈격탐사 영상은 파장대에 따라 나누어진 여러 개의 밴드로부터 수집된 다중분광 이미지 데이터이다. 위성영상 분류는 원격탐사 처리 과정에 있어서 가장 중요한 분석 기법으로써 영상을 구성하는 각각의 화소들 중 비슷한 분광 특성을 갖는 것끼리 집단화시켜주는 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 PFCM 알고리즘을 응용한 원격탐사 영상의 패턴분류 방법에 관하여 연구하였다. PFCM 알고리즘은 각 데이터와 특정 클러스터 중심과의 거리에 대한 소속정도를 고려한 FCM 클러스터링 알고리즘과 데이터와 해당 클러스터 중심과의 거리에 의존하여 패턴의 전형성(typicality)을 고려한 PCM 클러스터링 알고리즘을 결합한 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 분류 항목별 학습데이터를 선정한 후 이를 PFCM 알고리즘에 적용하여 감독분류를 수행하였다. Landsat TM과 IKONOS 원격탐사 위성영상을 이용하여 PFCM 알고리즘의 적용성을 검증하였다. PFCM 알고리즘을 이용한 감독분류는 PCM, FCM 분류방법보다 좋은 결과를 보여주었으며, 또한 전통적인 분류방법인 최대우도분류보다도 정확도가 더 높은 결과를 보여주었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.165-181
• /
• 2001

Using a field spectrometer having a spectral range of 0.4$\mu\textrm{m}$~2.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ with a spectral resolution of 1nm, the researchers measured the reflectance of granite, andesitic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and pyrophyllite ore in the Ungsang area, Kyungsang Basin, South Korea. Spectral characteristics of the geological media were investigated from the analysis. The in-situ measured sites were selected in well exposed rock outcrops. In case of unfavorable weather conditions, rocks were sampled and remeasured under natural solar condition. The reflectance of field data was measurd at three sistes for granite, six sites for andesitic rock three sites for sedimentary rocks, and two sites for pyrophyllite ore. The vibrational absorption bands for pyrophyllite are detected in the spectral range of 2.0$\mu\textrm{m}$~2.5$\mu\textrm{m}$. The absorption band for granites in study area is not distinctive. The reflectance measured under normal field conditions showed strong absorption at wavelengths of 1.4$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.9$\mu\textrm{m}$ due to the effect of moisture in the atmosphere. After the bands of 1.4$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.9$\mu\textrm{m}$ were removed, Hull Quotient method was applied to characterize absorption bands. The reflectances of field data were calculated to estimate the band ratio corresponding to the Landsat TM and EOS Terra ASTER. The researchers suggest here that the TM band2, band3, band4, and band7 or ASTER band2, band3, band4, and band9 are the best combination for discriminating outcrops. The researchers tested and demonstrated using a Landsat TM image in the study area. For geologic applications, decorrelation stretch is also an effective tool to enhance the exposed rock mass in images.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.447-452
• /
• 2006

대형 수체의 수질 모델 검증 효과를 향상시키기 위하여 원격탐사 기술이 적용되었다. 인공위성 영상은 대형 수체의 넓은 표면을 한꺼번에 파악할 수 있으므로 모델의 보정 및 검증에 사용되는 관측 자료의 부족함을 보완할 수 있다. 이 논문은 2000년 4월 29일과 9월 4일에 촬영된 Landsat FTM+영상을 분석하여 팔당호 표층 수온 검증 연구를 제시하고 있다. 영상으로부터 계산된 수온과 모델의 표층 수온의 자료를 획득하여 3가지 방법으로 영상에 의한 수온과 모델의 결과를 비교하였다. 4월 29일 영상의 경우 모델 결과를 기준으로 오차율이 0.13이며 9월 4일에는 오차율이 0.04로 모델의 표층 수온이 영상으로부터 계산된 수온과 잘 일치함을 알 수 있다. 그러나 영상촬영 시점의 대기의 간섭을 고려하지 못한 것이 4월 29일 결과의 오차를 발생시킨 주요 원인으로 사료된다. 그러므로 정확한 수질자료를 얻기 위해서는 영상촬영 시점의 대기의 효과를 고려한 대기보정이 필요할 것이라 사료된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제26권4D호
• /
• pp.687-693
• /
• 2006

최근 전 지구적, 혹은 대규모 지역의 분석 및 모니터링을 위한 위성영상의 사용이 늘어나고 있으며 이를 처리하기 위해 빠르고 편리한 '영상좌표 상호등록'방법이 요구되고 있다. 이러한 '영상좌표 상호등록'은 위성의 센서모델 및 천체력 자료를 이용하는 엄밀 모델식을 이용하는 방법과 기 존재하는 기준 영상(Reference image)을 사용하거나 혹은 수치지도를 사용하는 경험적 방법의 두 가지로 분류할 수 있다. '영상좌표 상호등록'의 효율성을 높이기 위해서 저자는 '사전검수 영역기반정합법'(Pre-qualified area matching)을 사용하였다. 이는 Canny 연산자를 이용한 경계추출법, 교차상관계수를 사용한 영역기반정합법(Area based matching), t-분포를 이용하여 95%의 신뢰구간 내에서 과대오차 소거법을 적용한 방법이다. 이러한 사전검수(Pre-qualification) 과정을 통해 연산시간을 현저히 단축시켰고, '영상좌표 상호등록'의 정확도 역시 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 제안한 알고리즘을 사용하여 프로그램을 작성하고, 한반도 Landsat ETM+ 영상 3장을 이용하여 테스트하였다. 정합점 간의 평균제곱오차는 0.435 영상소, 정합점은 평균 25,573개로 나타났다. 연산 시간은 3.0GHz 1Gb RAM 사양의 컴퓨터에서 평균 약 4.2분으로 나타났다.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국측량학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.181-185
• /
• 2006

Image co-registration is the process of overlaying two images of the same scene, one of which represents a reference image, while the other is geometrically transformed to the one. In order to improve efficiency and effectiveness of the co-registration approach, the author proposed a pre-qualified area matching algorithm which is composed of feature extraction with canny operator and area matching algorithm with cross correlation coefficient. For refining matching points, outlier detection using studentized residual was used and iteratively removes outliers at the level of three standard deviation. Throughout the pre-qualification and the refining processes, the computation time was significantly improved and the registration accuracy is enhanced. A prototype of the proposed algorithm was implemented and the performance test of 3 Landsat images of Korea showed: (1) average RMSE error of the approach was 0.436 Pixel (2) the average number of matching points was over 38,475 (3) the average processing time was 489 seconds per image with a regular workstation equipped with a 3 GHz Intel Pentium 4 CPU and 1 Gbytes Ram. The proposed approach achieved robustness, full automation, and time efficiency.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.173-176
• /
• 2008

Lake studies play an important role in water management, ecology, and other environmental issues. Typically, monitoring lake levels is the first step on the lake studies. However, for the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America having millions of small lakes and potholes, on-site measurement for lake levels is almost impossible with the conventional gage stations. Therefore, we employed Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing approach with the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data to extract lake levels. Several image processing techniques were used to extract lake levels for January, 2000 as a one-time snapshot which will be useful in historic lake level reconstruction. This study is associated with other remote sensing datasets such as Landsat imagery and Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle (DOQ). In this research, firstly, image processing techniques like FFT filtering, Lee-sigma, masking with Canny Edge Detector, and contouring were tested for lake level estimation. The semi-automated contouring technique was developed to accomplish the bulk processing for large amount of lakes in this region. Also, effectiveness of each method for bulk processing was evaluated.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.189-197
• /
• 2012

This research attempted to find possibilities of the practical use utilizing geospatial methods for the balanced promotion of sustainable coastal development and preservation through a case study of Jekyll Island, one of Georgia's barrier islands. In response, this research provided ways for practical use in sustainable development and preservation plans. First this research thoroughly investigated the 1996 master plan of Jekyll Island and tried to recalculate developed and undeveloped areas. Second, new estimations for developed areas were investigated through field survey. Third, this research proposed the use of the satellite images with different levels of spatial resolutions and tested different classification schemes to find possibilities for practical use. For these purposes, first, we classified developed and undeveloped features by manual digitization using an aerial photo image with 0.5m spatial resolution. Second, a Landsat 7 ETM+ and a QuickBird satellite images with mid- and high-levels of spatial resolutions were applied to identify developed and undeveloped areas using both the National Land Cover Data (NLCD) and the Coastal Change Analysis Program (CCAP) classification schemes. Also, GEOBIA (Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis) was conducted to accurately identify developed and undeveloped areas.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2013

The propose of this study is to analyze the optimum spatial resolution of the urban spatial thermal environment structure and to evaluate of the possibility detection using aerial photographs and thermal satellite images. The proper techniques of the optimum spatial resolution for the urban spatial thermal environment structure were analyzed. Thermal infrared satellite image of Seoul city were used for the change rate of surface temperature variation and suggested to the spatial extent and effects of urban surface characteristics and spatial data was interpreted as regions. To extract the surface temperature, Landsat thermal infrared satellite image compared with an automatic weather station data and in the field of the measured temperature and surface temperature by thermal environment affects, the spatial domain has been verified. The surface temperature of the satellite images to extract after adjusting surface temperature isotherms were constructed. The changes in surface temperature from 2008 to 2012 the average surface temperature observation images of changing areas were divided into space. The results of this study are as follows: Through analysis of satellite imagery, Seoul city surface temperature change due to extraction comfort indices were classified into four grades. The comfort index indicative of the temperature of Gangnam-gu, $23.7{\sim}27.2(^{\circ}C)$ range and Songpagu, a $22.7{\sim}30.6(^{\circ}C)$ respectively, the surface temperature of Yeouido $25.8{\sim}32.6(^{\circ}C)$ were in the range.