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  • Title/Summary/Keyword: Land-use Factors

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Probabilistic Landslide Susceptibility Analysis and Verification using GIS and Remote Sensing Data at Penang, Malaysia

  • Lee, S.;Choi, J.;Talib, En. Jasmi Ab
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.129-131
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    • 2003
  • The aim of this study is to evaluate the hazard of landslides at Penang, Malaysia, using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing. Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs and field surveys. The topographic and geologic data and satellite image were collected, processed and constructed into a spatial database using GIS and image processing. The used factors that influence landslide occurrence are topographic slope, topographic aspect topographic curv ature and distance from drainage from topographic database, geology and distance from lineament from the geologic database, land use from TM satellite image and vegetation index value from SPOT satellite image. Landslide hazardous area were analysed and mapped using the landslide-occurrence factors by probability - likelihood ratio - method. The results of the analysis were verified using the landslide location data. The validation results showed satisfactory agreement between the hazard map and the existing data on landslide location.

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An Assessment of Urban Amenity using Physical Environmental Factors (물리적 환경인자를 활용한 도시의 쾌적성 평가)

  • Lee, Woo-Sung;Gwak, Haeng-Goo;Jung, Sung-Gwan;Park, Kyung-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.169-182
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study is to assess the urban amenity on physical environmental factors, and to verify the effectiveness of the amenity map using correlation analysis of the environmental quality. The physical environmental factors were set to 4 items of green space, landscape, water environment and land use, and the items were composed of 11 detail factors. Based on the factors, GIS maps were constructed and the amenity map was produced using overlay analysis. The results of this study are as follow; the proportion of 1~2 ranks was 40.8% of total area around Dalseong-gun, Dong-gu, Suseong-gu. The lower 6~7 ranks in the amenity assessment was 5.7% of total area around Jung-gu, Seo-gu, Dalseo-gu. According to the results of correlation analysis between the amenity and environmental observed data, SO2 among the air pollution material had a negative correlation with amenity(r=-0.649, p<0.05). In case of water pollution, TN and TP had the negative correlations with amenity (r=-0.643, P<0.01; r=0.642, p<0.01).

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Influence of Land Use and Meteorological Factors for Evapotranspiration Estimation in the Coastal Urban Area (해안도시 지역에서 증발산량 산정에 토지이용도와 기상인자의 영향성)

  • Yang, Sung-Il;Kang, Dong-Hwan;Kwon, Byung-Hyuk;Kim, Byung-Woo
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.295-304
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    • 2010
  • Actual evapotranspiration (AET) in the Suyeong-gu was estimated and correlations between AET and meteorological factors were analyzed. The study area was Suyeong-gu lay at the east longitude 129 05' 40" ~ 129 08' 08" and north latitude 35 07' 59" ~ 35 11' 01". The Kumryun mountain, the Bae mountain, the Suyeong river and the Suyeong bay are located on west, north, northeaster and south side in the study area, respectively. AET was estimated using precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PET) and plant-available water coefficient. Meteorological factors to estimate PET were air temperature, dewpoint temperature, atmospheric pressure, duration of sunshine and mean wind speed (MWS). PET and AET were estimated by a method of Allen et al. (1998) and Zhang et al. (2001), respectively. PET was the highest value (564.45 mm/yr) in 2002 year, while it was the lowest value (449.95 mm/yr) in 2003 year. AET was estimated highest value (554.14 mm/yr) in 2002 year and lowest value (427.91 mm/yr) in 2003 year. Variations of PET and AET were similar. The linear regression function of AET as PET using monthly data was AET=0.87×PET+3.52 and coefficient of determination was high, 0.75. In order to analyze relationship between the evapotranspiration and meteorological factors, correlation analysis using monthly data were accomplished. Correlation coefficient of AET-PET was 0.96 high, but they of AET-P and PET-P were very low. Correlation coefficients of AET-MWS and PET-MWS were 0.67 and 0.73, respectively. Thus, correlation between evapotranspiration and MWS was the highest among meteorological factors in Suyong-gu. This means that meteorological factor to powerfully effect for the variation of evapotranspiration was MWS. The linear regression function of AET as MWS was AET=84.73×MWS+223.05 and coefficient of determination was 0.54. The linear regression function of PET as MWS was PET=83.83×MWS+203.62 and coefficient of determination was 0.45.

Biotope Type Classification based on the Vegetation Community in Built-up Area (시가화지역 식물군집 특성에 기초한 비오톱 유형분류)

  • Kim, Ji-Suk;Jung, Tae-Jun;Hong, Suk-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.454-461
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    • 2015
  • This study aims to classify the biotope types based on the vegetation community in built-up areas by different land use and to map the plant communities. By classifying biotopes according to a taxonomic system, the characteristics of a biological community can be well-represented. The biotope classification indexes for the target area include human behavioral factors such as land use intensity, land-use patterns and land-cover types. The type classification was divided into four hierarchic ranks starting with Biotope Class, next by Biotope Group and Biotope Type and lastly by Biotope Sub-Type. The Biotope Class was first divided into two areas: the areas improved by humans and the areas unimproved by humans. The improved areas were again divided into permeable and non-permeable regions on the Biotope Group level. In the Biotope Type level, permeable paving areas were divided into areas with wide gap pavers and those with narrow gap pavers. The differential species of each biotope type are Lindera glauca, Conyza canadensis, Mazus pumilus, Vicia tetrasperma, Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, Zoysis japonica, Potentilla supina and Festuca arundinacea. The results of this study suggest that the biotope classification methodology, using a subjective phytosociological approach, is a useful and valuable tool and the results also suggest the possibility of applying more objective and scientific methods in mapping and classifying various environments.

Development of a Transducer for Cursor Control by use of Semiconductor Strain Gage (반도체 게이지를 이용한 360 방향의 트랜스듀서 개발)

  • 김민석;송후근;이정태;김성배;이명훈
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2003.06a
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    • pp.1430-1433
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    • 2003
  • Transducers, which are incorporated in control devices for fixed wing aircraft, land vehicles. and weapon systems were designed and manufactured by use of semiconductor strain gages. These transducers consist of three parts; flange mounts, sensing rods, and semiconductor strain gages. In this investigation, we designed cylindrical sensing rods with high sensitivity and developed installation procedures of semiconductor strain gages. The semiconductor strain gage has hish gage factor such that it can produce high resistance change in spite of low strain, but it is so small and fragile that one should handle carefully and sophisticated installation method is needed for good performances. The prototype transducers are manufactured, and then tested about three important factors: sensitivity, linearity, and hysteresis. We got results or 0.084 V/N sensitivity, 0.2% nonlinearity, and 0.5% hysteresis.

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The Integrated Assessment Model for the Conservation of Natural Environment - Focused on Site Selection for the National Trust - (자연환경 보전을 위한 통합 평가모형 - 내셔널 트러스트 후보지 선정을 중심으로 -)

  • Jung, Sung-Gwan;You, Ju-Han
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.87-98
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    • 2003
  • The main purpose of this study is to propose the integrated assessment model for the rational and effective selection of proposed sites in National Trust (NT) and conserve the ruined natural environment by excessive land development. The results of this study are as follows; 1) The specialists thought that rare and endangered species were very important in plant and animal, in case of landscape and environment, naturality and water quality were too important. 2) In the result of the correlation measure on the indicator of assessment, 'erosion of soil'and 'air pollutant'was highly correlative. Secondly, 'suspended solids' and 'erosion of soil'was high correlation. 3) In the result of forming the factors into the integrated indicators, they were classified into conditional, stable, valuable and potential factors and the purpose of this formation is to evaluate proposed sites in NT objectively and rationally with organic assessment. 4) In the integrated assessment model, the degree of explanation was observed approximately 36.4% and the important factor was the conditional factor, but we have to consider all factors for the effective and objective assessment. Therefore we organically have to apply and use them for the assessment of proposed sites in NT. It turns out to offer raw data on the land conservation and carry out the role of the instrument of measurement. As for future directions, the follow are proposed: 1) adaptation of real proposed site, 2) verification of effect and problem, 3) practical survey for diverse types as mountain, coast and inland.

Estimating GHG Emissions from Agriculture at Detailed Spatial-scale in Geographical Unit (상세 공간단위 농업분야 온실가스 배출량 산정 방안 연구)

  • Kim, Solhee;Jeon, Hyejin;Choi, Ji Yon;Seo, Il-Hwan;Jeon, Jeongbae;Kim, Taegon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.65 no.5
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    • pp.69-80
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    • 2023
  • Carbon neutrality in agriculture can be derived from systematic GHG reduction policies based on quantitative environmental impact analysis of GHG-emitting activities. This study is to explore how to advance the calculation of carbon emissions from agricultural activities to the detailed spatial level to a spatial Tier 3 level (Tier 2.5 level), methodologically beyond the Tier 2 approach. To estimate the GHG emissions beyond the Tier 2.5 level by region for detailed spatial units, we constructed available activity data on carbon emission impact factors such as rice cultivation, agricultural land use, and livestock. We also built and verified detailed data on emission activities at the field level through field surveys. The GHG emissions were estimated by applying the latest national emission factors and regional emission factors according to the IPCC 2019 GL based on the field-level activity data. This study has significance that it explored ways to build activity data and calculate GHG emissions through statistical data and field surveys based on parcels, one of the smallest spatial units for regional carbon reduction strategies. It is expected that by utilizing the activity data surveyed for each field and the emission factor considering the activity characteristics, it will be possible to improve the accuracy of GHG emission calculation and quantitatively evaluate the effect of applying reduction policies.

Estimation of the Greenhouse Gas Inventory on Forest Land at Provincial Level (광역지자체의 산림지 온실가스 인벤토리 시범 산정)

  • Kim, Kyeong Nam;Lee, Sun Jeoung;Kim, Raehyun;Son, Yeong Mo
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.336-342
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    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to estimate of the greenhouse gas inventory on forest land at provincial level. The greenhouse gas emissions are calculated according to the K-MRV guidance. We collected activity data from statistical yearbook of forestry and used default emission factors. The annual total CO2 emission in forest land was -58,711Gg CO2eq. and the annual CO2 emission in loss such as fellings, fuelwood and fire was 19,896Gg CO2eq. in 2011. The results showed the removals of carbon dioxide in the forest land, it's amount was -38,815Gg CO2eq. in 2011. Annual net CO2 removal of local forest was highest in Kangwon province in 2011. Our study did not use the many statistics due to exclusion of double counting. There are need complementary activity data and emission factors, and then we will find a way to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions/removals in the near future.

An Application of Artificial Intelligence System for Accuracy Improvement in Classification of Remotely Sensed Images (원격탐사 영상의 분류정확도 향상을 위한 인공지능형 시스템의 적용)

  • 양인태;한성만;박재국
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 2002
  • This study applied each Neural Networks theory and Fuzzy Set theory to improve accuracy in remotely sensed images. Remotely sensed data have been used to map land cover. The accuracy is dependent on a range of factors related to the data set and methods used. Thus, the accuracy of maps derived from conventional supervised image classification techniques is a function of factors related to the training, allocation, and testing stages of the classification. Conventional image classification techniques assume that all the pixels within the image are pure. That is, that they represent an area of homogeneous cover of a single land-cover class. But, this assumption is often untenable with pixels of mixed land-cover composition abundant in an image. Mixed pixels are a major problem in land-cover mapping applications. For each pixel, the strengths of class membership derived in the classification may be related to its land-cover composition. Fuzzy classification techniques are the concept of a pixel having a degree of membership to all classes is fundamental to fuzzy-sets-based techniques. A major problem with the fuzzy-sets and probabilistic methods is that they are slow and computational demanding. For analyzing large data sets and rapid processing, alterative techniques are required. One particularly attractive approach is the use of artificial neural networks. These are non-parametric techniques which have been shown to generally be capable of classifying data as or more accurately than conventional classifiers. An artificial neural networks, once trained, may classify data extremely rapidly as the classification process may be reduced to the solution of a large number of extremely simple calculations which may be performed in parallel.

Development of Monthly Hydrological Cycle Assessment System Using Dynamic Water Balance Model Based on Budyko Framework (Budyko 프레임워크 기반 동적 물수지 모형을 활용한 월 단위 물순환 평가체계 개발)

  • Kim, Kyeung;Hwang, Soonho;Jun, Sang-Min;Lee, Hyunji;Kim, Sinae;Kang, Moon Seong
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.64 no.2
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    • pp.71-83
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    • 2022
  • In this study, an indicator and assessment system for evaluating the monthly hydrological cycle was prepared using simple factors such as the landuse status of the watershed and topographic characteristics to the dynamic water balance model (DWBM) based on the Budyko framework. The parameters a1 of DWBM are introduced as hydrologic cycle indicators. An indicator estimation regression model was developed using watershed characteristics data for the introduced indicator, and an assessment system was prepared through K-means cluster analysis. The hydrological cycle assessment system developed in this study can assess the hydrological cycle with simple data such as land use, CN, and watershed slope, so it can quickly assess changes in hydrological cycle factors in the past and present. Because of this advantage is expected that the developed assessment system can predict changes in the hydrological cycle and use an auxiliary tool for policymaking.