• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.297-304
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• 2021

The environmental impact assessment(EIA) project in Korea has undergone changes and revisions in various evaluation items for about 30 years after the introduction of the Environmental Conservation Act (1997). However, despite the importance of land use evaluation items under the current EIA Act, there are insufficient studies to consider. Therefore, this study focused on the land-use evaluation items based on the EIA guidelines, reviewed 90 of the evaluation documents and consultation documents, and tried to suggest implications and supplementary points forthe domestic EIA land-use evaluation items. As a result, the paradigm was changing from land efficiency centered on development in the past to land efficiency centered on the natural environment and resource conservation. However, in spite of the manual for fitting the paradigm change, opinions on the conservation of the natural environment are still being drawn in the consultation document, so it needs improvement. Two improvements in the impact assessment process suggested in this study are the establishment of standardized spatial data and a quantitative impact and reduction method evaluation tool based on it. In particular, there is a need for a plan evaluation tool for land use arrangement and distribution that can solve the needs of minimizing damage to the natural environment and securing green space and a green network.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2018

Background: For various reasons such as agricultural and economical purposes, land-use changes are rapidly increasing not only in Korea but also in the world, leading to shifts in the characteristics of local carbon cycle. Therefore, in order to understand the large-scale ecosystem carbon cycle, it is necessary first to understand vegetation on this local scale. As a result, it is essential to comprehend change of the carbon balance attributed by the land-use changes. In this study, we attempt to understand accumulated soil carbon (ASC) and soil respiration (Rs) related to carbon cycle in two ecosystems, artificially turned forest into pastureland from forest and a native deciduous temperate forest, resulted from different land-use in the same area. Results: Rs were shown typical seasonal changes in the alpine pastureland (AP) and temperate deciduous forest (TDF). The annual average Rs was $160.5mg\;CO_2\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ in the AP, but it was $405.1mg\;CO_2\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ in the TDF, indicating that the Rs in the AP was lower about 54% than that in the TDF. Also, ASC in the AP was $124.49Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ from litter layer to 30-cm soil depth. The ASC was about $88.9Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$, and it was 71.5% of that of the AP. The temperature factors in the AP was high about $4^{\circ}C$ on average compared to the TDF. In AP, it was observed high amount of sunlight entering near the soil surface which is related to high soil temperature is due to low canopy structure. This tendency is due to the smaller emission of organic carbon that is accumulated in the soil, which means a higher ASC in the AP compared to the TDF. Conclusions: The artificial transformation of natural ecosystems into different ecosystems is proceeding widely in the world as well as Korea. The change in land-use type is caused to make the different characteristics of carbon cycle and storage in same region. For evaluating and predicting the carbon cycle in the vegetation modified by the human activity, it is necessary to understand the carbon cycle and storage characteristics of natural ecosystems and converted ecosystems. In this study, we studied the characteristics of ecosystem carbon cycle using different forms in the same region. The land-use changes from a TDF to AP leads to changes in dominant vegetation. Removal of canopy increased light and temperature conditions and slightly decreased SMC during the growing season. Also, land-use change led to an increase of ASC and decrease of Rs in AP. In terms of ecosystem carbon sequestration, AP showed a greater amount of carbon stored in the soil due to sustained supply of above-ground liters and lower degradation rate (soil respiration) than TDF in the high mountains. This shows that TDF and AP do not have much difference in terms of storage and circulation of carbon because the amount of carbon in the forest biomass is stored in the soil in the AP.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.63-73
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the key factors affecting official land values and the appropriateness of the assessed land price, to find out what determines the real estate price and to assess the appropriateness of the valuation. This study explored whether actual transaction prices of forest land located in six Gu districts in southern and northern parts of Han river are appropriate using independent sample t-analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results showed that regional differences and shape were adequate for development restriction areas, whether biotope was designated, whether or not to be preserved, differences in pitch, and differences in use, and differences in bearing and approach. Thorough analysis of unique factors that determine forest land prices must be carried out in advance and the findings should be applied to the examination and assessment of official land values. The forest land appraisal system is closely related to the public's economic activity, thus it is necessary to apply forest land value determinants considered to be significant by market participants to the forestland appraisal system. I look forward to seeing variables related to the appropriateness of forest land transactions drawn from this study being used as indices for settlement of forest land transaction orders and market stabilization.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to empirically identify the differentiating characteristics of determinant factors on sing-person households' commuting mode choice compared to multi-person households' one in order to establish the customized police directions to decrease private car use in commuting. While the study use the 2% sample survey data on the population and housing in 2015, it employ multinomial logit models on relative choice probability of such alternative commuting modes as bus, subway or rail, and walking, rather than driving. As potential determinant factors, the study employs demographic, socio-economic, and housing and residential one for both models of single-person and multi-person households. The study finds that the behavior of commuting mode choice has distinctive difference by gender, marriage status, physical activity constraint, job type, residential period in current housing of the single-person household's workers compared to the multi-person households' ones. Based on the findings, the study deduce ten commuting policy directions customized for the single-person household.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.21-31
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• 2024

Sumgol in Jeju Island plays a significant role in groundwater recharge due to its permeable hydrogeological characteristics. However, a quantitative assessment of the interrelationship between rainfall characteristics and rainwater inflows into Sumgols has not yet been conducted. Therefore, this study examined the characteristics of rainwater inflow into three Sumgols located in the eastern and western regions of Jeju Island and assessed hydrogeologic factors influencing these inflows. During two rainfall events, the studied locations in Sumgol exhibited different characteristics of rainwater inflows, despite experiencing similar rainfall events. Additionally, the delay time for rainwater to reach the Sumgol locations after the rainfall was influenced more by rainfall intensity than by cumulative amount of rainfall. In Sumgols located in non-volcanic ash soil with low hydraulic conductivity, such as those in agricultural areas, rainwater inflows were observed even with small rainfall and low rainfall intensity. This study suggests that rainfall intensity, soil characteristics, permeability of lava flows, and land use are key factors influencing rainwater inflow into Sumgols, revealing that soil characteristics and the permeability of lava flows have a greater impact on surface runoff than land use.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.393-397
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• 2003

It has been researched the relationship between deposition velocity and factors which could affect the deposition phenomena and deposition velocity also has been estimated fer several land-use types. The typical deposition velocities are complex functions of surface types, atmospheric stabilities, friction velocities, air pollutants and so on. The canopy resistance is major contribution to the model's total resistance for O₃. Canopy wetness is also an important factor to calculate deposition velocity. We considered the canopy wetness as canopy water content(CWC) in our Model. But, it is not easy to observe CWC over each land-use types. In this study, we use CWC observed by EMEFS(CANADA Environment Service, 1988) to examine the influence of CWC in estimation of 03 dry deposition velocity(V/sub d/) in summertime. The value of O₃ V/sub d/ range 0.2 ∼ 0.7 cm s/sup -1/ on dry surface and 0.01 ∼ 0.35 cm s/sup -1/ on wet surface in daytime.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to apply and verify of logistic regression at Janghung, Korea, using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of IRS satellite images, field surveys, and maps of the topography, soil type, forest cover, geology and land use were constructed to spatial database. The factors that influence landslide occurrence, such as slope, aspect and curvature of topography were calculated from the topographic database.13${\times}$1ure, material, drainage and effective soil thickness were extracted from the soil database, and type, diameter and density of forest were extracted from the forest database. Land use was classified from the Landsat TM image satellite image. As each factor's ratings, the logistic regression coefficient were overlaid for landslide susceptibility mapping. Then the landslide susceptibility map was verified and compared using the existing landslide location. The results can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides management and to plan land use and construction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to reveals spatial relationships between landslides and geospatial data set, map the landslide susceptibility using the relationships and verify the landslide susceptibility using the landslide occurrence data in Bosun area in 1998. Landslide locations were detected from aerial photography and field survey and topography, soil, forest, and land use data sets were constructed as a spatial database using GIS. As the landslide occurrence factors, slope, aspect, curvature and type of topography, texture, material, drainage and effective thickness of soil, type, age, diameter and density of wood and land use were used. Is extract the relationship between landslides and geospatial database, Bayesian probability methods, likelihood ratio and weight of evidence, were applied and the ratio and contrast value that is W$\^$＋/- W$\^$-/ were calculated. The landslide susceptibility index was calculated by summation of the likelihood ratio and contrast value and the landslide susceptibility maps were generated using the index. As a result, it is expected that spatial relationships between landslides and geospatial database is helpful to explain the characteristics of landslide and the landslide susceptibility map is used to reduce associated hazards, and to plan land use and construction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to apply and verify of Bayesian probability model, the likelihood ratio and statistical model, at Janghung, Korea, using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of IRS satellite images, field surveys, and maps of the topography, soil type, forest cover, geology and land use were constructed to spatial database. The factors that influence landslide occurrence, such as slope, aspect and curvature of topography were calculated from the topographic database. Texture, material, drainage and effective soil thickness were extracted from the soil database, and type, diameter and density of forest were extracted from the forest database. Land use was classified from the Landsat TM image satellite image. As each factor's ratings, the likelihood ratio coefficient were overlaid for landslide susceptibility mapping, Then the landslide susceptibility map was verified and compared using the existing landslide location. The results can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides management and to plan land use and construction.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2015

A vertical city with multifunctional land use turns out to be the most viable solution for an urban condition characterized by increasing density due to population expansion, topographical limitation of buildable land, economic development and the pursuit for collective sustainable living, such as in Hong Kong. This paper presents initial research results from a study on the chronological and typological evolution of tall buildings in the city, from the climate-responsive verandah typology to the mixed-use hyper-commercial podium and residential tower typologies that predominate today, to the ultimate formation of a vertical city. Case studies and surveys have focused on the development of this building typology throughout the decades since the 1920s, substantiating a discussion on the subjective and objective factors contributing to a genesis of the vertical city phenomenon in Hong Kong. The discussion will engage, under the notion of the vertical city, on how residents and visitors adapt to the growing density of the city, and how they accustom themselves to the changing urban morphology over time. Advantages such as high efficiency, spaces savings, time convenience, etc.; and disadvantages such as deficiency in livability, incompatibility of uses, environmental health deficiencies, etc.; serve as a reference for other cities in need of high-density planning due to population and economic growth.