• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effect of invasive laser acupuncture treatment at Liver Brook (LR2) acupoint and Liver Sea (LR8) acupoint on liver damage induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN) in rats Methods : Liver damage was induced by D-GalN. The experimental rats were divided into two groups (control group, Low Level Laser Treatment (LLLT) group). Control groups were classified into small groups. Intact group had no liver damage and no treatment. D-GalN group was induced liver damage induced by D-GalN and not treated. LLLT group were induced liver damage induced by D-GalN and then treated at the LR2 or LR8 acupoint with 532, 658, 904 nm invasive laser acupuncture. The treatment was carried out three days at a time for 15days at both acupoints. To examine mechanism of the effect of invasive laser acupuncture, we measured the contents of ASP, ALT, ALP, TBIL in serum, CBC in blood and SOD in liver tissue. Results : The change of body weight increased in all groups. That change was AST and ALP, the AST activity decreased significantly compared with the control groups and decreased by 532 nm and 904 nm both LLLT groups. But ALP increased at LR8 acupoint by 658 nm. TBIL level significantly decreased in all LLLT groups. The SOD of LLLT groups increased in the liver tissue of rats compared to the control groups. SOD activity indicated that LLLT can help cellular defense mechanism by preventing scavenging hydrogen peroxide. In the change of WBC, it was increased in D-GalN Control group compared to intact group and LLLT groups. Conclusions : These results suggested that invasive laser acupuncture treatment at LR2 or LR8 acupoint reduced activation of hepatic enzyme and damage of liver tissue. Thus, the effect of invasive laser acupuncture was nearly identical to the way of the traditional acupuncture for the treatment of hepatocytotoxicity.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 1990

There are several methods for the treatment of herpetic neuralgia, but there is no method that results in complete remission. The laser has lately come into use to reduce several acute or chronic pains. Twenty six patients who suffered from herpetic neuralgia were treated with Ne-Ne and Ga Al AS lasers simultaneously 2 or 3 times per week. In order to determine the degree of pain relief, we used the visual analogue scale. The results were as follows. 1) Low level laser therapy (LLLT) was a non-invasive, simple method. 2) The improvement rate after 15 irrradiations of laser was 63%. 3) The Highest improvement rate (24%) was shown after one irradiation of laser. 4) Only one patient above age 60 (3.8%) developed postherpetic neuralgia. 5) There was no significant difference effects of LLLT between above and below the age of 60. 6) There was no complication during or after irradiation of laser.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.373-379
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• 2011

Current therapeutic methods for suppressing muscle spasticity are intensive functional training, surgery, or pharmacological interventions. However, these methods have not been fully supported by confirmed efficacy due to the aggravation of the muscle spasticity in some patients. In this study, a combined system was developed to treat with a low-level laser and to monitor the region of the treatment using an optical spectroscopic probe that measures oxygen saturation and deoxygenation during low-level laser therapy (LLLT). The evaluation of the wavelength dependence for LLLT was performed using a Monte Carlo simulation and the results showed that the greatest amount of heat generation was seen in the deep tissue at ${\lambda}$ = 830 nm. In the oxy- and deoxygenation measurements during and after the treatment, oxygen-Hb concentration was significantly increased in the laser-irradiated group when compared to the control group. These findings suggest that LLLT using ${\lambda}$ = 830 nm may be of benefit in accelerating recovery of muscle spasticity. The combined system that we have developed can monitor the physiological condition of muscle spasticity during the laser treatment in real time and may also be applied to various myotonia conditions such as muscle fatigue, back-pain treatment/monitoring, and ulcer due to paralysis.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.193-206
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on Atopic dermatitis symptoms. Methods 19 patients (7 men, 12 women) were involved in this study. The intensity of SCORAD index (Erythema/darkening, Edema/papulation, Oozing/crust, Excoriation, Lichenification/prurigo, Dryness) and the symptom of SCORAD index (Pruritus) in two regions were measured. One region was treated by LLLT, the other region was not treated. Then a comparative study of index score of two regions was analyzed. Results After treatment, there were statistically significant differences in Edema/papulation, Excoriation (p<0.001), Oozing/crust (p<0.01), and Pruritus(p<0.05) index. Conclusions Based on the results, we concluded that LLLT is an effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Also, further controlled studies with clinical cases of appropriate treatment time, wavelength, and intervals are needed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2019

Background: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) including laser acupuncture (LA) has been widely used to treat chronic low back pain (CLBP), but there is no critically appraised evidence of the potential benefits. The purpose of this protocol for a systematic review was to enable the evaluation of the effectiveness of LLLT including LA for non-specific CLBP to identify the potential benefits. Methods: The electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Korean medical databases (KoreaMed, KMBASE, KISS, NDSL, KISTI, OASIS), the Chinese database (CNKI), and Japanese databases (CiNII, J-STAGE) are recommended. Results: Randomized controlled trials in LLLT including LA should be included in the searches. All data synthesis and subgroup analyses should be conducted using a Review Manager software. The Cochrane risk of bias tool can be used to evaluate methodological quality of the studies. A risk ratio or mean difference with a 95% confidence interval will show the effects of LLLT including LA. Conclusion: The primary outcome would be pain intensity and functional status/disability due to low back pain. The secondary outcome would be a global measurement of recovery or improvement, quality of life and adverse event.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.335-343
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ischemic compression treatment (ICT) or low-level laser therapy (LLLT) applied to the trigger points of the infraspinatus muscle on shoulder pain and function in patients with shoulder pain. Design: A randomized clinical trial Methods: Thirty patients with shoulder pain were randomly allocated into the ICT group (n=15) or LLLT groups (n=15). ICT was performed on three myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) of the infraspinatus muscle twice a week for 4 weeks (eight sessions), with 5 minutes of treatment per trigger point. LLLT was performed similarly. Shoulder pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain pressure threshold (PPT), and shoulder function was assessed using the Korean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, rotator cuff strength, and range of motion (ROM) of shoulder flexion and abduction. Results: Significant changes in VAS score and PPT were found after the intervention in both groups (p<0.05). Significant changes were observed in the Korean DASH score, rotator cuff strength, and ROM of shoulder flexion (p<0.05) but not in the ROM of shoulder abduction (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: This study showed that both ICT and LLLT applied on the MTrPs of the infraspinatus muscle were effective for relieving shoulder pain and improving shoulder functions in patients with shoulder pain.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.90-97
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic effect of a single application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on spontaneous pain and pain on chewing after placement of initial archwires. Methods: Forty-two patients (26 women, 16 men) were randomly recruited for this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Each patient received super-elastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) initial archwires (0.012, 0.014, 0.016, and 0.018-inch [in]) in the maxilla for leveling and alignment for an interval of 4 weeks between archwires. One side of the mouth was randomly designated as experimental, while the other side served as placebo. After insertion of each archwire, the experimental side was irradiated with a diode laser for 3 seconds each on 5 points facially and palatally per tooth, from the central incisor to first molar. On the placebo side, the laser device was held the same way but without laser application. A numerical rating scale was used to assess the intensity of spontaneous and masticatory pain for the following 7 days. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare pain scores between sides. Results: Patients in the LLLT group exhibited significantly lower mean scores for spontaneous pain after insertion of the initial two archwires (0.012-in and 0.014-in NiTi; p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference for 0.016-in and 0.018-in wires between the LLLT and placebo groups. LLLT significantly reduced chewing pain scores (p < 0.05) for all archwires. Conclusions: A single dose of LLLT considerably lessened postoperative pain accompanying the placement of super-elastic NiTi wires for initial alignment and leveling.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2013

Objective : Low level laser therapy(LLLT) is conjugated many different diseases such as skin disease, nervous system disease, cardiovascular disease, etc. This study was tried to survey the conjugation of LLLT in field of ophthalmology, otolaryngology and dermatology of Korean Medicine. Methods : In this study, LLLT deal with the field of ophthalmology, otolaryngology and dermatology was searched at Pubmed and NDSL. We searched Pubmed and NDSL with the title "Laser Therapy and Low-Level" for the last 10 years and analyzed disease, laser type, sample size, effect, journal and year. Results : Using Pubmed and NDSL, 8 treatises were researched. About 8 treatises, 7 treatises were papers in field of dermatology, 1 treatise was ophthalmology. And about 8 treatises, 6 treatises were foreign papers and 2 treatises were domestic papers on clinical application of laser status. Mainly used type of laser was a He-Ne laser and Diode laser. The diseases were ocular hypertension, acne, ulcers in patients with leprosy sequelae, freckles, segmental-type vitiligo lesions, diabetes-linked skin lesion, facial skin melanin and elasticity, atopic dermatitis symptom. As a result, we found that treat group had more improvement than control group in 7 of the 8 treatises, that treat group had no difference control group on effect significantly only 1 treatise. Conclusions: As therapeutic tool, LLLT's application range is very wide in the field of ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, and dermatology. Keep up with the increasing interest of domestic and foreign about laser therapy, clinical tries on the use of laser will be studied steadily. It is necessary to have sustained attention and research on the point of view of the Korean Medicine.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.289-294
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• 2019

Background: Pain, limitations in opening, asymmetrical jaw movements, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds are the most common findings in temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs), which causes excruciating pain, inflammation of the surrounding muscles, posterior fibers, and synovial fluid. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of ultrasound heat therapy and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in reducing TMD-related pain. Methods: This prospective study included 42 patients (age range, 25-45 years), who were divided into two groups of 21 patients each. All patients were prescribed a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) twice a day for 5 days for temporary relief of pain prior to the commencement of treatment. Patients were kept on a soft diet and asked to restrict mouth opening during the same period. Fifteen sessions of LLLT (Group A) or ultrasound therapy (Group B) were administered to the affected side. Results: Post-therapy, the mean visual analog scale score for group A and group B was 4.81 (2.01) and 6.19 (1.20), respectively; the difference was statistically significant and favoring the LLLT group. Similarly, the mean mouth opening for group A and group B was 3.99 (0.40) and 3.65 (0.41), respectively; the difference was statistically significant and favoring the LLLT group. Conclusion: Our study recommends LLLT for treating TMD-related pain with no underlying bony pathology.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2014

Objective: The low level lasers currently in the market vary in wavelength, dosage, and frequency. These devices are used with much different clinical pathology. Most notably, some studies claim that wounds heal faster with low level laser therapy due to the fact that bacteria commonly found in wounds are killed by laser light. Systemic and meta-analysis studies found the difficulty of comparison of numerous research studies because of differences in the intensities and frequencies of low level laser treatment (LLLT). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of LLLT on controlling bacterial growth. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Variables included LLLT dosage and wavelength on 3 bacteria commonly seen in wounds, strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used on commercially available 5.0-cm agar plates. Blue, green, and red, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared laser light sources were adjusted to either low or high intensity settings. Five Petri dishes at a time were placed directly beneath laser light sources with the exception of UV which was placed six inches below the suspended light and infrared which was placed directly on top of the Petri dish lid. Each group of five Petri dishes was irradiated for 15 minutes. Results: The results showed no effect of any of 9 different LLLT intensities or colors on bacteria growth compared to sham light. Conclusions: At least for claims of bacterial growth inhibition with LLLT, no support for this claim can be found here.