• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.235-246
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• 2009

The analyses of minor and trace elements in glass debris were performed using LA-ICP-MS in order to identify manufacturers using real commercial samples. At first, a calibration curve was made using standard glass samples of NIST 610, 612, 614 and 616. $^{29}Si$ was used as an internal standard, and the ratios of metal/Si for each metal were compared with their concentrations. Based on elements in each sample and standard materials, 24 metals were quantified and the LOD in analysis, according to the blank sample, was in the range of 0.11 mg/kg (Ti)-4.91 mg/kg (Ca). Eleven samples from two manufacturers were collected and five sub-samples were taken from each sample for analysis. 15 elements (Co, Ce, Ca, Mn, Sr, Ba, Li, Rb, U, La, Th, Na, Al, Zr and Hf) were selected to identify manufacturers because some elements (Cu, Cr, Cd and Ni) were below the detection limit and some elements (Ti, Pr, Mg, Nb, Nd) were absent in the analysis of standards and others (Pb and Sn) had a problem of homogeneity. The attempts to identify manufacturers and the manufacturing period were performed through a triangular diagram. In the manufacturer discrimination by discriminant analysis, a canonical discriminant function was made based on Mn, Ce and Rb, and each sample could be identified.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2007

Sweat contents were investigated for using those data to forensic purpose. The experiments of identifying sweat contents were as follow: 1) measurement of amino acids (aspartic acid, serine, glycine etc) by HPLC, 2) anions ($Cl^-$, $F^-$, and $SO{_4}^{2-}$) by IC and 3) trace elements (Cu, Zn, Li, B, etc.) by ICP-MS. Amino acid contents in sweat are varied with individual samples and glycine, threonine, alanine, valine and histidine are detected as the prime one. The detected anions are $Cl^-$(2167~4073 ppm) and $F^-$(454~582 ppm) mostly. Trace elements of Rb, Zn and Cu are detected and those concentrations are relatively very high. The compositions of sweat can be influenced by various factors (diet, anthropometric, characteristics, physical fitness, age, gender and the state of the health).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.110-124
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop community design evaluation factors for sustainable urban regeneration and to suggest considerations for sustainable community design by analyzing excellent community design cases. Through literature review, previous studies on the concept and core items of sustainable urban regeneration, and the concept and components of community design were considered. In addition, evaluation indicators for sustainable community design were developed in the socio-economic, physical, environmental, historical and cultural dimensions through the analysis of the linkage with the evaluation factors of community design through the analysis of previous studies. The evaluation index consists of 3 evaluation items and 9 items including social performance and participation at the social level, economic feasibility at the economic level, environmental characteristics at the physical and environmental level, accessibility, contextuality, locality at the historical and cultural level, identity, and artistry. Includes dog evaluation factors. Reliability and effectiveness are secured through the developed evaluation index and detailed description and expert verification. Exploratory factor analysis and expert interviews were conducted through the survey, and as a result of the analysis, the stability and Cronbach'α coefficients were verified, and the validity of the community design evaluation index considering sustainable urban regeneration was recognized through expert interview. The results of this study are considered meaningful in that they can provide basic data for the improvement of community design for sustainable urban regeneration in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.638-646
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• 2023

Recently, active research has been conducted to enhance the power characteristics and thermal stability of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) by modifying separators using a ceramic coating method. However, since the thermal properties and surface features of the separator vary depending on the characteristics of the ceramic powders applied to the separator, it is crucial to manufacture ceramic powders optimized for the separator's performance. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of three types of α-alumina (A-1, A-2, and A-3) produced with varying dispersant contents and milling times, in addition to commercial α-alumina (AES-11). Subsequently, the optimized powders (A-3) were coated onto the separator using an aqueous binder for comparison with the characteristics of an AES-11 coated separator and an uncoated PE separator. The A-3 coated separator improved electrolyte wettability with a low contact angle (44.69°) and increased puncture strength (538 gf). Furthermore, it exhibited excellent thermal stability, with a shrinkage value of 5.64% when exposed to 140℃ for 1 hour, compared to the AES11 coated separator (6.09%) and the bare PE separator (69.64%).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.521-531
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• 2023

Transmembrane protein TMEM16A, which encodes calcium-activated chloride channel has been implicated in tumorigenesis. Overexpression of TMEM16A is associated with poor prognosis and low overall survival in multiple cancers including lung adenocarcinoma, making it a promising biomarker and therapeutic target. In this study, three structure-related sesquiterpene lactones (mecheliolide, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone) were extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Aucklandiae Radix and identified as novel TMEM16A inhibitors with comparable inhibitory effects. Their effects on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells were examined. Whole-cell patch clamp experiments showed that these sesquiterpene lactones potently inhibited recombinant TMEM16A currents in a concentration-dependent manner. The half-maximal concentration (IC50) values for three tested sesquiterpene lactones were 29.9 ± 1.1 µM, 19.7 ± 0.4 µM, and 24.5 ± 2.1 µM, while the maximal effect (E_max) values were 100.0% ± 2.8%, 85.8% ± 0.9%, and 88.3% ± 4.6%, respectively. These sesquiterpene lactones also significantly inhibited the endogenous TMEM16A currents and proliferation, and migration of LA795 lung cancer cells. These results demonstrate that mecheliolide, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone are novel TMEM16A inhibitors and potential candidates for lung adenocarcinoma therapy.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2023

Based on the tourism input-output data of five provinces and cities in China's Bohai Rim region from 2015~2021, this study analyzes the efficiency of regional tourism using DEA-BCC and DEA-Malmquist index, as well as its contribution to regional economic efficiency, and identifies factors influencing the comprehensive efficiency. The research results indicate that the comprehensive efficiency of the tourism industry in the China Bohai Sea region has reached an optimal level of 88.9%, but there is still room for improvement, with overall fluctuations. The overall productivity of the tourism industry exhibits a "U"-shaped fluctuating pattern, with growth mainly driven by technological advancements. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the region experienced a nearly 50% decrease in total factor productivity in 2019~2020. However, in 2021, with the implementation of various government stimulus policies, the tourism efficiency rapidly recovered to 80% of pre-pandemic levels. In terms of the impact of the tourism industry on the regional economy in the China Bohai Sea region, Hebei Province stands out as a significant contributor. Based on the aforementioned research findings, the following recommendations are proposed in three aspects: optimizing the supply structure, increasing innovation investment, and strengthening internal collaboration. These recommendations provide valuable insights for enhancing regional tourism efficiency and promoting regional synergy.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.125-144
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• 2023

Objectives This study aimed to investigate domestic clinical research trends in Shinbaro pharmacopuncture, identify diseases managed using Shinbaro pharmacopuncture, and suggest the direction for future studies to increase its clinical utilization. Methods This study used five steps proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA-extension for scoping reviews checklist. We examined published literature on Shinbaro pharmacopuncture studies reported until June 5, 2023, in the following eight databases (Research Information Sharing Service, Science ON, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, KMBASE, The Society of Internal Korean Medicine, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library). The search terms used were 'Shinbaro' or 'Sinbaro'. Results A total of 47 studies were included in our analysis. Of these, 37 (78.7%) were interference time series studies. Shinbaro pharmacopuncture was the most frequently used treatment for lumbosacral disease (n=15). In the facial area, ST4 and ST6 were used in five out of six studies, and in the shoulder area, TE14 and LI15 were used in all studies. Nine of the 15 studies in the lumbosacral area used the EX-B2. The other parts mostly used the pressure points. Compared to other pharmacopuncture methods, the treatment effect was similar to that of bee venom, and faster than that of jungsongouhyul. Conclusions This is the first scoping review of Shinbaro pharmacopuncture therapy in South Korea. Studies with a high level of evidence based on sole treatment, large capacities, and standardization of Shinbaro pharmacopuncture need to be conducted to increase its clinical utilization.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.51-75
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• 2021

Global e-commerce websites offer personalized recommendation services to gain sustainable competitiveness. Existing studies have offered personalized recommendation services using quantitative preferences such as ratings. However, offering personalized recommendation services using only quantitative data has raised the problem of decreasing recommendation performance. For example, a user gave a five-star rating but wrote a review that the user was unsatisfied with hotel service and cleanliness. In such cases, has problems where quantitative and qualitative preferences are inconsistent. Recently, a growing number of studies have considered review data simultaneously to improve the limitations of existing personalized recommendation service studies. Therefore, in this study, we identify review and rating mismatches and build a new user profile to offer personalized recommendation services. To this end, we use deep learning algorithms such as CNN, LSTM, CNN + LSTM, which have been widely used in sentiment analysis studies. And extract sentiment features from reviews and compare with quantitative preferences. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology in this study, we collect user preference information using real-world hotel data from the world's largest travel platform TripAdvisor. Experiments show that the proposed methodology in this study outperforms the existing other methodologies, using only existing quantitative preferences.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1213-1224
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• 2021

Objective: To develop a machine learning (ML) pipeline based on radiomics to predict Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and the future deterioration to critical illness using CT and clinical variables. Materials and Methods: Clinical data were collected from 981 patients from a multi-institutional international cohort with real-time polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19. Radiomics features were extracted from chest CT of the patients. The data of the cohort were randomly divided into training, validation, and test sets using a 7:1:2 ratio. A ML pipeline consisting of a model to predict severity and time-to-event model to predict progression to critical illness were trained on radiomics features and clinical variables. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC), concordance index (C-index), and time-dependent ROC-AUC were calculated to determine model performance, which was compared with consensus CT severity scores obtained by visual interpretation by radiologists. Results: Among 981 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 274 patients developed critical illness. Radiomics features and clinical variables resulted in the best performance for the prediction of disease severity with a highest test ROC-AUC of 0.76 compared with 0.70 (0.76 vs. 0.70, p = 0.023) for visual CT severity score and clinical variables. The progression prediction model achieved a test C-index of 0.868 when it was based on the combination of CT radiomics and clinical variables compared with 0.767 when based on CT radiomics features alone (p < 0.001), 0.847 when based on clinical variables alone (p = 0.110), and 0.860 when based on the combination of visual CT severity scores and clinical variables (p = 0.549). Furthermore, the model based on the combination of CT radiomics and clinical variables achieved time-dependent ROC-AUCs of 0.897, 0.933, and 0.927 for the prediction of progression risks at 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively. Conclusion: CT radiomics features combined with clinical variables were predictive of COVID-19 severity and progression to critical illness with fairly high accuracy.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the adjunctive effect of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing ligatures around the mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars of 6 beagles for 3 months. After ligature removal, periodontitis progressed spontaneously for 2 months. The animals' hemimandibles were allocated among the following 3 groups: 1) no treatment (control), 2) scaling and root planing (SRP), and 3) SRP with LED irradiation at 470-nm and 630-nm wavelengths (SRP/LED). The probing pocket depth (PPD) and gingival recession (GR) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. The clinical attachment level (CAL) was calculated. After 12 weeks, histological and histomorphometric assessments were performed. The distances from the gingival margin to the apical extent of the junctional epithelium (E) and to the connective tissue (CT) attachment were measured, as was the total length of soft tissue (ST). Results: PPD and CAL increased at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the control group (6.31±0.43 mm to 6.93±0.50 mm, and 6.46±0.60 mm to 7.61±0.78 mm, respectively). PPD and CAL decreased at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the SRP group (6.01±0.59 to 4.81±0.65 mm, and 6.51±0.98 to 5.39±0.93 mm, respectively). PPD and CAL decreased at 12 weeks compared with baseline in the SRP/LED group (6.03±0.39 to 4.46±0.47 mm, and 6.11±0.47 to 4.78±0.57 mm, respectively). The E/ST and CT/ST ratios significantly differed among the 3 groups (P<0.05). The clinical parameters and histologic findings demonstrated that 470-nm and 630-nm wavelength LED irradiation accompanying SRP could improve treatment results. Conclusions: Within the study limitations, 470 nm and 630 nm wavelength LED irradiation might provide additional benefits for periodontitis treatment.