• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidative permanent hair coloring agents on the dyeability and the damage of human hair. p-phenylenediamine and toluene-2.5-diamine sulfate were used as a hair coloring agent precursers. The degree of dyeability was checked by the change of CIELAB $L^*$ value according to dyeing time. And the damage of hair was evaluated by the tensile strength and morphological change of hair in SEM. When the hair was dyed, the CIELAB $L^*$ value was decreased with dyeing time regardless of the type of precursers. But when the hair was dyed after nutritional treatment, the CIELAB $L^*$ value showed lower level. This means that the nutritional treatment covers the scale of hair and protects the hair from the chemicals.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.25.1-25.6
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the association of POU1F1 (POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1, Pit1, renamed as POU1F1) gene with backfat thickness (mm), carcass weight (kg), pH, and color values ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$) in crossbred pigs (Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc). Frequency of the AA genotype indel was at the highest level (66.67%). Frequency of A allele (0.81) was higher than that of b allele (0.19). This population followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Carcass weights and $a^*$ values of the three genotypes were all significantly different (p < 0.05), respectively. However, backfat thickness, $L^*$, $b^*$, visual color, and pH of the three genotypes were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Visual color was negatively correlated with $L^*$ (r = -0.521) and $b^*$ (r = -0.390) values, $L^*$ value was correlated with $b^*$ (r = 0.419) value, and $a^*$ value was positively correlated with $b^*$ (r = 0.612) value. These results indicate that the POU1F1 gene affected carcass weight and meat redness.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.132-136
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to measure the levels of eluted and dissolved CO2, and CO, volatile organic substances and radiation composition of Cheongsong mineral water which were collected from November 2019 to July 2020 during the autumn, spring, and summer seasons at collection points located in the upper, middle and lower spring waters. Data of the upper, middle and lower spring waters include the following: the amount of eluted water (average value±standard deviation, mL/min) was 30.07±0.52, 15.03±0.16, 23.73±0.42, and the amount of CO2 gas was 1,000 ppm or more. In addition, there was no detection of CO or total volatile organic substances (TVOC) and the radiation dose was 0.08 to 0.13. μSv/h. A blank test value of 0.08 to 0.10 μSv/h, when compared with the median value, showed a high value of 0.02 μSv/h, and the uranium test results provided by the Cheongsong-gun Office were 0.0118 mg/L (date 2019.06.18) and 0.0091 mg/L (date 2020.06.04.) respectively, which was less than the permission limit of 0.03 mg/L. However, it is believed that further research using more precise devices is needed in order to guarantee the safety and health of the water.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 1986

The properties of carboxyl proteinase which was contained in Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf were investigated by means of the purification with 0.65 ammonium sulfate saturation, DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. This enzyme was found to hydrolyze only peptide bond between glutamyl-L-tyrosine of carbobenzoxy-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosine among the synthetic substrates of carbobenzoxy-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosine, hippuryl- L-phenylalanine and hippuryl-L-arginine. This enzyme was inhibited by $Zn^{+2},\;Fe^{+2},\;Ca^{+2},\;CN^{-1},\;P_2O_7^{-4}$ ions, but stimulated by $Hg^{+2}$ ion. Also, this enzyme was inhibited by organic compounds such as L-lysine, L-phenylalanine, hippuryl-L-phenylalanine, diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester (DAN) and 1,2-epoxy-3-(P-nitrophenoxy)propane(EPNP). In particular, the activity was inhibited by L-lysine till 20 minutes of preincubation time rapidly, and by DAN in the presence of $Cu^{+2}$ ion more rapidly after 30 minutes than DAN in the absence of $Cu^{+2}$ ion. L-Lysine was found to be a competitive inhibitor and its $K_i$ value was determined to be 0.12 mmole by Dixon plot.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.996-1002
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• 2014

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality in Arbor Acres broilers. A total of 486 1-d-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to 9 dietary treatments, 9 treatments were group A (0 mg/kg LA and 0 mg/kg ALC), group B (50 mg/kg LA and 0 mg/kg ALC), group C (100 mg/kg LA and 0 mg/kg ALC), group D (0 mg/kg LA and 50 mg/kg ALC), group E (50 mg/kg LA and 50 mg/kg ALC), group F (100 mg/kg LA and 50 mg/kg ALC), group G (0 mg/kg LA and 100 mg/kg ALC), group H (50 mg/kg LA and 100 mg/kg ALC), group I (100 mg/kg LA and 100 mg/kg ALC). Birds were slaughtered at 42 days old. Average daily gain (ADG), average feed intake (AFI), feed conversion rate (FCR), eviscerated rate, breast muscle percentage, thigh muscle percentage, abdominal fat percentage, liver weight, muscle color ($L^*$ value, $a^*$ value, $b^*$ value), pH values at 45 min and 24 h postmortem were measured. Results showed that there existed an interaction between LA and ALC in growth performance of broilers, carcass traits and meat quality. The overall result is that high level of LA and ALC led to lower AFI, ADG (p<0.01), lower abdominal fat percentage, liver weight (p<0.01), lower $L^*$ value, $a^*$ value, and $b^*$ value of breast muscle, $L^*$ value of thigh muscle (p<0.05), and higher FCR (p<0.01), eviscerated rate (p<0.01), breast muscle percentage, thigh muscle percentage (p<0.05), $a^*$ value, pH 45 min and pH 24 h of thigh muscle (p<0.01). These results suggested that dietary LA and ALC contributed to the improvement of meat quality in broilers.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.312-317
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• 1999

Quality control was carried out the three analytes, BOD, COD, TN, TP of high and low concentration for thirteen laboratories. Evaluation values of Quality control was determined from average value which were made by six times test, repeatedly and periodically. This value had not only error ratio of within 5% from prepared sample value but also high precision of standard deviation, 0.44 (BOD, low concentration), 2.15 (BOD, high concentration), 0.12 (COD, low concentration), 1.63 (COD, high concentration), 0.35 (TN, low concentration), 1.99 (TN, high concentration), 0.05 (TP, low concentration), 0.14 (TP, high concentration). Upper (Lower) Warning Limit (ULWL) and Upper (Lower) Acceptance Limit (ULAL) values made from quality control chart. Three (5.30, 9.70, 5.30 mg/L) and five laboratories were over ULAL value in low and high BOD concentration, respectively. Two (41.00, 30.60 mg/L) and four laboratories were over ULAL value in low and high COD concentration, respectively. while, other eleven laboratories appeared reliable data. One laboratory (0.70 mg/L) was over ULAL at low TN concentration, while other eleven laboratories had reliable values. In case of high TN concentration, eleven laboratories were over ULAL value, it should be focuced for improvement of reliability about measurement and analysis of TN. Four (1.14, 0.45, 0.64, 1.49mg/L) and seven laboratories were over ULAL in low and high TP concentration, respectively.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2002

Re purposes of this study were to determine consumers' selection criteria of fashion shopping area and to examine the effects of clothing consumption value and fashion leadership on the selection criteria of fashion shopping area. In addition, the third purpose was to clarify the relation beかeon the above variables and shopping intent. The data were collected from 198 females in their twenties using questionnaire. The results could be summarized as follows. First, the selection criteria of fashion shopping area were composed of 5 factors: scale & variety of shopping area, convenience of location, entertainment, physical service, and atmosphere. Second, the fashion leadership and clothing consumption value except functional and social values had an effect on the selection criteria fashion shopping area. Particularly, the attractiveness-sought value best explained the selection criteria. Third, the fashion leadership and selection criteria fashion shopping area had an effect on the shopping intent. The effect clothing consumption value was not significant.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2005

The Korean styled meat products such as grilled and/or roasted ham(Jikhwagui: J), Bulgogi ham(B), Kimbab ham(K) and sliced roasted ham(DDukgalbi: D) were obtained from different Korean meat processing companies and investigated for their salinity, saccharinity, pH, moisture and fat content, meat color and sensory evaluation. The results obtained were as follows; Percentage of saccharinity in J, B, K and D ranged 7.5 %(13) - 12.7% (J2), 5.3 0/«B2) -7.5 o/«BI), 5.2 0/«K4) - 6.6 o/«KI, K2, KS), and 6.60/«04) - 14.4o/«Dl), respectively. Percentage of salinity in J, B, K and D ranged 2.260/«13)- 2.38 0/«J4), 1.850/«B2) - 2.45 0/«B3), 1.94o/«KI) - 2.40% (K3), and 1.830/«02) - 2.19 o/«Dl), respectively. The pH value of J, B and K were ranged 6.30 - 6.44, 6.266.37 and 6.20 - 6.42, respectively, which are slightly higher than that of D(5.86 - 6.25). Content of average moisture were higher in B(61.0 %), K(59.94%) and J(59.63%) compared to the D(55.93%). In crude fat, B and D were ranged 14-21 %, which are very lower than those of K(59.94%) and J(59.63%). In meat color, $L^*$ value were above 50.0, except D2 and D3. $a^*$ value of B were slightly higher than those of other meat products. Compared to sensory evaluation, the overall acceptability of J is excellent in the range of saccharinity 12.7%, salinity 2.3 %, moisture 61 %, crude fat II - 12%, $L^*$ value 52 - 54, and $a^*$ value 12.3- 12.7. In the case of B, the overall acceptability is excellent in the range of saccharinity 6.6 - 7.5 %, salinity 1.90- 2.45 %, moisture 60 %, crude fat 15 %, $L^*$ value 56, and $a^*$ value 15. In the case of K, the overall acceptability is excellent in the range of saccharinity 6.5 %, salinity 2.4 %, moisture 61 %, crude fat 16%, $L^*$ value 53, and $a^*$ valuce 15. In the case of D, the overall acceptability is excellent in the range of saccharinity 14.0%, salinity 2.1 %, moisture 55%, crude fat 55%, $L^*$ value 50, and $a^*$ value 13.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.499-505
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to investigate extraction characteristics and antioxidative activity of Cassia tora L. extracts. Cassia tora L. was extracted by reflux extraction under different extraction conditions including solvent. The solid yield, turbidity, color value, titratable acidity, free sugar contents, electron donating ability and superoxide dismutase-like ability of Cassia tora L. extracts were determined. The highest solid yield value was obtained with water of 10 fold. No significant difference in turbidity and color value were found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 75% ethanol, 50% ethanol and water. The highest titratable acidity was obtained with 50% ethanol of Cassia tora L.. The free sugar contents of Cassia tora L. extracted with water showed the highest value. Cassia tora L. extracts with water included higher contents of free sugar compared with then of the other solvent extracts, 50% ethanol and 75% ethanol extracts. The total polyphenol compound content of Cassia tora L. extracted with 50% ethanol showed the highest value. Cassia tora L. extracts with 50% ethanol included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other solvent extracts, water and 75% ethanol extracts.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

Spray characteristics of a unlike triplet injector were investigated experimentally. Spray images and SMD of droplet were measured to evaluate the spray characteristics injected by liquid/gas combinations. G-L-G(Gas-Liquid-Gas), L-G-L(Liquid-Gas-Liquid) type of injector were used by changing the gas and liquid feed lines. The SMD graph shows that the droplet sizes decrease in the out of radial direction at a fixed gas Reynolds number. The SMD value of decreasing tendency shows that the more ethyl alcohol ratio increase, the more SMD value decrease.