• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 1994

To verify in vivo viability of IVF-derived bovine embryos, morula and blastocysts that developed from in vitro matured and fertilized ova were transferred to the uteri of recipient cows and normal calves were produced. To produce IVF-derived bovine morula or blastocysts, ova matured and fertilized in vitro were cultured in culture medium for 7~8 days at 39$^{\circ}C$ under the humicified atmosphere of 5% CO2. Two different culture systems, a co-culture system with TCM-199 and bovine epithelial cells (BOEC) and CR1aa without somatic cell support, were compared. Cleavage rates to 2~8 cell stage and developmental rates of IVF-derived bovine embryos to blastocyst stage were not different between co-culture system (51.3 and 14.0%) and CR1aa medium (60.4 and 22.1%), respectively. Embryos were classified into three grades by embryo quality and then one or two embryos in higher quality(A and B grades) were transferred to the uterus of recipients. In this study Korean Native calf was first born after transfer of IVF-derived embryos. Total four live calves were normally developed to term from IVF-derived bovine blastocysts and one female fetus was still-born approximatedly 8 months of gestation, but there was no pregnancy after transfer of morula. Therefore, normal calves could be produced after transfer of IVF-derived bovine embryos cultured in CR1aa medium without somatic cell support. In addition, our results suggest that in transfer of IVF-derived bovine embryos blastocyst stage is better than morula.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1973-1977
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• 2009

In the present study, at first, 2,4-Dihydroxy Salophen (2,4-DHS), has been synthesized by combination of 1, 2-diaminobenzene and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde in a solvent system. This ligand containing meta-quinone functional groups were characterized using UV-Vis and IR spectroscopies. Subsequently, the interaction between native calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (ct-DNA) and 2,4-DHS, was investigated in 10 mM Tris/HCl buffer solution, pH 7.2, using UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, thermal denaturation technique and viscosity measurements. From spectrophotometric titration experiments, the binding constant of 2,4-DHS with ct-DNA was found to be (1.1 ${\pm}\;0.2)\;{\times}\;10^4\;M^{-1}.$ The fluorescence study represents the quenching effect of 2,4-DHS on bound ethidium bromide to DNA. The quenching process obeys linear Stern-Volmer equation in extended range of 2,4-DHS concentration. Thermal denaturation experiments represent the increasing of melting temperature of DNA (about 3.5 ${^{\circ}C}$) due to binding of 2,4-DHS. These results are consistent with a binding mode dominated by interactions with the groove of ct-DNA.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권4권
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• pp.432-436
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• 2006

The therapeutic effects and immune responses with Oidenlandiae Herba administration(17.5%, 1g/30 kg, everyday, PO) were investigated in calves(1 to 3 months old) with diarrhea from 159 Korean native calves(76 heads from A farm and 83 heads from B farm) in Jeju. The causes of 47 calves with diarrhea were coronavirus(1 head) and rotavirus(1 head), coccidium(5 heads) and bacteria(40 herds). PCV values were significantly increased 2 weeks after administration of Oldenlandiae Herba in A form, compared by those of pre-treatment(p<0.05). However RBC, TP, WBC, fibrinogen levels were not significantly changed. The significant difference were not detected in changes of AST, BUN and creatinine. The CD14+ distribution rate were increased in 1 week after administration of Oldenlandiae Herba, compared by that of pre-treatment(p<0.05), however, certain tendencies of changes were not observed in distribution rates of CD4+ CD8+ and CD19+, respectively. The rate of death was 20.1%(36/179 calves) in 2004, however, it was decreased to 12.6%(20/159 calves) by Oldenlandiae Herba administration at 2 farms from Jeju in 2005. In conclusion, the administration of Oldenlandiae Herba was effective for treatment of calves with diarrhea.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.3015-3020
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• 2014

The behavior of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (BPQ) in aqueous solution and its interaction with native DNA was investigated using conventional absorption and linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy. The appearance of a broad absorption maximum at long wavelengths and its proportional relationship to solvent polarizability suggested that BPQ adopts a aggregated state for all solutions examined. Disappearance of this absorption band at higher temperatures in aqueous solution also supported BPQ aggregation. When associated with DNA absorption spectral properties were essentially the same as that in aqueous solution. However, two isosbestic wavelengths were found in the concentration-dependent absorption spectrum of the BPQ-DNA complex, suggesting the presence of at least two or more DNA-bound BPQ species. Both species produced $LD^r$ spectra whose magnitude in BPQ absorption region is larger or comparable to that in the DNA absorption region, suggesting that the molecular BPQ plane is near perpendicular relative to the local DNA helical axis. Therefore, BPQ molecules are aligned along the DNA stem in both DNA-aggregated BPQ species.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2014

한우는 털색에 따라 황소, 칡소 또는 흑소로 분류되고, 칡소는 1,700여두만 전국에 사육되고 있어 보존과 증식이 절실히 요구되고 있으나, 연구는 아주 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 칡소의 보존과 대량증식을 위하여 follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) 용량이 수정란 생산 및 이식에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. FSH 240 mg과 280 mg을 각각 처리하여 회수수정란, 이식가능한 수정란은 차이가 없었으나, 임신율이 280 mg이 46%로 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 칡소 송아지의 생시체중이 인공수정 방법은 평균 25.6 kg, 수정란이식 방법은 평균 24.8 kg으로 비슷하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2011

This study was carried out to increase the breeding rate using sustained recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) and examine the reproductive disorder and disease prevalencies of cow and calf, respectively. Sixty cows were allotted randomly to three groups in randomized complete block design; (1) No treatment, (2) 500 mg bST two times + 250 mg bST SC injection five times from 3 weeks before to 9 weeks after parturition every two weeks, (3) 500 mg bST two times before 3 weeks parturition + 250 mg bST SC injection three times from five to 9 weeks after parturition every two weeks. Developmental data of birth weight, weaning weight, total gain and average daily gain in control was $22.9{\mu}0.45$ kg, $88.0{\mu}1.13$ kg, $65.1{\mu}0.74$ kg and $0.54{\mu}0.08$ kg, respectively. There is no significant difference between Group 1 and 3 in the examined factors. However, there is significant difference between Group 1 and 2 in the birth weight ($24.4{\mu}0.88$ kg), weaning weight ($101.0{\mu}1.77$ kg), total gain ($76.7{\mu}0.9$ kg) and average daily gain ($76.7{\mu}0.9$ kg). Total gain was showed higher in Group 2 and 3 than Group 1 in the >2nd parity, and in Group 2 than Group 1 and 3 in the 1st parity. There is no significant difference in the BCS, no return days and disease occurrence of cow and calf by bST treatment. Number of service per conception was slightly increased in the Group 3 compared to Group 1 and 2. To increase the breeding ability of Hanwoo, it is recommended that 500 mg bST two times + 250 mg bST injection five times from 3 weeks before to 9 weeks after parturition every two weeks.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of Neospora caninum infection in dairy cow and Korean native cattle(KNC), raised in several Chungnam province. To determine the prevalence of antibodies to N caninum, a total of five hundred fifty six sera were analyzed by indirected fluorescent antibody(IFA) test. Five hundred thirty three sera were collected from fifteen dairy herds and twenty three sera were taken from fourteen KNC herds from December 1999 to November 2000. Seropositive ratio of the dairy cattle sera were individually or herdly tested and showed 64.2% and 93.3%, respectively. It was recorded with 78.6% and 47.8% in KNC. The seropositive ratio of dairy cattle was depended on the size of ranch. It was 92.2, 60.7 and 57.9% at the size of less than thirty, thirty to seventy and more than seventy one cattle, respectively However, it was different from the province of Chungnam. The seropositive ratio to N caninum of dairy cattle were 79.5, 53.1, 61.4 and 31.1% at Gongju, Yeongi, Geumsan and Cheongwon, respectively. It showed difference at the growth stage and sex of cattle. The seropositive ratios of N caninum of calf, heifer, premiparous, multiparous(2nd-5th), multiparous (6>th) and bulls confirmed to 25.0, 50.3, 70.3, 71.2, 50.0 and 50.0%, respectively. It was related with brucellosis in cattle. The infected ones with brucellosis were 75.7% of seropositive ratios to N caninum. The results of this study indicated that N caninum infection was widespread in Chungnam province and confirmed existing with brucellosis in cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 2013

This study elucidated the effects of limited concentrate feeding on growth, plasma profile, and gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes and visfatin in the liver of Hanwoo beef calves. The purpose of this study was to test that reducing the amount of concentrate would partially be compensated by increasing the intake of forage and by altering the metabolic status. The study utilized 20 Korean native beef calves (Hanwoo; 60 to 70 d of age) divided into two groups of 10 calves each for 158 d. Control group calves received the amount of concentrate as per the established Korean feeding standards for Hanwoo, whereas calves in the restricted group only received half the amount of concentrate as per standard requirements. Good quality forage (Timothy hay) was available for ad libitum consumption to both groups. Since calves were with their dam until 4 months of age in breeding pens before weaning, the intake of milk before weaning was not recorded, however, the concentrate and forage intakes were recorded daily. Body weights (BW) were recorded at start and on 10 d interval. Blood samples were collected at start and at 50 d interval. On the final day of the experiment, liver biopsies were collected from all animals in each group. The BW was not different between the groups at all times, but tended to be higher (p = 0.061) only at final BW in control than restricted group. Total BW gain in the control group was 116.2 kg as opposed to 84.1 kg in restricted group that led to average BW gain of 736 g/d and 532 g/d in respective groups, and the differences were significant (p<0.01). As planned, the calves in the control group had higher concentrate and lower forage intake than the restricted group. The plasma variables like total protein and urea were higher (p<0.05) in control than restricted group. The mRNA expressions for the gluconeogenic enzymes such as cytosolic phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (EC 4.1.1.32) and pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1), and visfatin measured by quantitative real-time PCR in liver biopsies showed higher expression (p<0.05) in restricted group than control. Overall, restricting concentrate severely reduced the growth intensity and affected few plasma indices, and gene expression in liver was increased indicating that restricting concentrate in the feeding schemes during early growth for beef calves is not advocated.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.274-280
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• 2002

로타바이러스는 유아와 어린 포유동물에 있어서 위장염을 일으키는 원인체로서 다양한 혈청형에 의해 발병되기 때문에 효과적인 백신 개발이 되지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 분리 한우송아지 로타바이러스 S97과 JBR(Jeju island bovine rotavirus)에 $textsc{k}$-casein, GMf, sialic acid를 첨가하여 MA-104세포에 감염시켰을 때 그 억제 효과를 규명하기 위해 시행하였다. 한우송아지 로타바이러스 597과 JBR을 무혈청 Ml99배지의 MA-104세포에 감염시켜 37$^{\circ}C$에서 6일간 회전 배양하여 활성화시킨 다음, 로타바이러스 역가를 분석하였고, MA-104 세포에 활성화된 BRV를 감염시키고, $textsc{k}$-casein, GMP sialic acid를 각각 농도에 따라 첨가하여 15시간 배양한 다음 AEC 염색법으로 염색시켜 현미경 상에서 감염된 세포수를 계산하였다. 한우송아지 로타바이러스 S97과 GMR의 역가는 각각 2.5$\times$107과 2.0$\times$106 PFU/ml이었다. $textsc{k}$-casein, GMP의 농도 20001M에서 S97의 세포감염율은 97.4%와 97.44%로 나타났고, $textsc{k}$-casein, GWP의 농도 2000$\mu$M에서 JBR의 세포감염 억제율은 99.52%와 99.78%로 나타났다. Sialic acid의 농도 2000$\mu$M에서의 S97과 JBR의 세포감염 억제율은 3.85%와 3.63%로 나타났다. $textsc{k}$-casein, CU는 로타바이러스 S97과 JBR에 대해 농도 2000UM에서 97%이상의 억제효과를 나타냈으며, sialic acid는 억제효과가 거의 없었다. K-casein, GMP는 송아지뿐만 아니라 유아의 로타바이러스에 의한 설사를 억제할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 1998

The objective of this study was to evaluate the embryonic development ability and the appearance of blastocysts of bovine in vitro fertilized oocytes cultured in different culture media, and also to evaluate survival rate after thawing of frozen embryos by using 1.5 or 1.8M ethylene glycol(EG) with sucrose or trehalose. Fertilized oocytes were divided into three groups; i ) monolayer of cumulus /granulosa cell prepared by TGM 199+5% calf serum(TGM199), ii)GRlaa+5% CS, iii)SOF+5% CS, and they were cultured after insemination for 9 days, at 39˚C, under 5% $CO_2$ in air, but SOF+5% CS was cultured at 39˚C, under 5% 02, 5% GO2, 99% N2. Blastocysts derived from GRlaa + 5% CS on day 7~8 after insemination were frozen by using 1.5M EG or 1.8M EG with/without 0.2M sucrose or O.1M trehalose. The development rate of blastocysts on day 7 after insemination in SOF+5% CS was significant higher than in TCM199 or CR1aa(P<0.05). The appearance rate of blastocysts on day 7-8 after insemination was higher than in TCM199, when fertilized oocytes were cultured in GRlas or SOF. The survival rate of frozen blastocysts after thawing tended to increase, when blastocysts were frozen by using 1.8M EG with 0.2M sucrose or O.1M trehalose. These results indicated that SOF or CRlaa media with amino acids was superior to TCM199 with monolayer in terms of blastocyst development in culturing of in vitro fertilized bovine nocytes, and sucrose or trehalose was supposed to prevent embryos from the freezing shock.