• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

Purpose : This study aimed to understand the influence of the virtual reality program combined with cognitive activity on elderly people's balance ability. Method : We randomly divided 14 elderly people receiving daytime protection service from D daytime protection center for senior citizens located in Busan-si into a group(seven) with cognitive activity combined with virtual reality program, and the other group(seven) with only virtual reality program. In order to compare the balance ability before/after the therapeutic intervention, the Berg Balance Scale was carried out. The Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea(MMSE-K) was also conducted to compare their cognitive functions. Result : Both groups showed statistically significant differences in balance ability before/after the therapeutic intervention(p<.05) while there were no statistically significant differences in balance ability after the therapeutic intervention(p>.05). The cognitive functions before/after the therapeutic intervention were not statistically significantly different in both groups(p>.05). Conclusion : The findings showed that the application of virtual reality program combined with cognitive activity could improve elderly people's balance ability. It is considered that the application of virtual reality program can have positive influence on the improvement of elderly people's balance ability, as an intervention method for improving balance ability in the future.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this case study is to describe the effect of Korean medicine on a patient with delirium caused by a left middle cerebral artery infarct. Methods: The patient was treated with Sopungbosimdodam-tang, acupuncture, and moxibustion. The Korean version of the Delirium Rating Scale (K-DRS), Neelon and Champagne (NEECHAM) Confusion Scale, and Korean Version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) were used to evaluate the effect of the treatment. Results: After 50 days of treatment with Sopungbosimdodam-tang, the patient's K-DRS score decreased from 16 to 8. The NEECHAM Confusion Scale also improved from 17 to 23, and the MMSE-K score improved from 1 to 7. Conclusion: This clinical study suggested that Korean medicine could contribute greatly to the treatment of delirium caused by a left middle cerebral artery infarct.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.405-419
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• 2018

이 연구는 치매행동 관련 홀니스 프로그램 적용 및 완충효과 검증 단계로 서울시에 위치한 M1과 M2 노인복지관에 개설되어 있는 주간보호시설 참여 노인 총 40명을 대상자로 선정하였다. 선정된 대상자들의 사전조사를 실시한 후 무작위로 M1노인복지관 노인 20명을 실험군으로, M2노인복지관 노인 20명을 통제군으로 배치하였다. 치매행동 관련 홀니스 프로그램 활동은 2016년 3월 14일부터 2016년 5월 30일까지 12주간, 주 2회, 60분간 수행하였다. 측정도구는 MMSE-K와 K-MBI, GDS-K를 사용하였다. 치매행동 관련 홀니스 프로그램에 참여하는 동안 치매행동 참여 전과 참여 후 총 2회를 측정하였으며 SPSS-PC(version 21.0) 통계프로그램을 이용하여 첫째, 실험군과 통제군의 동질성여부를 파악하기 위하여 독립표본 t-검증, 둘째, MMSE-K와 K-MBI, GDS-K에 대한 효과를 알아보기 위하여 사전검사와 사후검사 간 대응표본 t-검증, 셋째, 사전·사후 간 변화량을 확인하기 위하여 ANOVA를 실시하였다. 연구결과 노인의 치매행동 관련 홀니스 프로그램은 인지능력의 변화(MMSE-K), 신체능력의 변화(K-MBI), 우울수준의 변화(GDS-K)에 모두 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.987-998
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• 2023

The purpose of this case study is to report the effectiveness of scalp acupuncture and Cheungsindodam-tang on Wernicke's aphasia in patients with left middle cerebral territory infarction. Scalp acupuncture, herbal medicine (Cheungsindodam-tang), and moxibustion were administered for 66 days to improve the patient's symptoms. The degree of improvement in symptoms was evaluated using the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB) and Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea (MMSE-K). Quality of life was evaluated with the Korean version of the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (K-SAQOL-39). After 66 days of treatment, the aphasia quotient score of the K-WAB test increased from 19 to 34.6 after treatment. The K-SAQOL-3 score increased from 2.77 to 3.18, and the MMSE-K score increased from 4 to 21. This case report suggests that Korean medical therapy can be effective in improving the language functions of patients with Wernicke's aphasia.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.252-257
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 (K-SIS 3.0) in patients with stroke. Methods: Patients with stroke longer than 3 months were invited to participate in the study at specialized rehabilitation centers in Busan. Information on patients was collected using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Modified Bathel Index (MBI), Beck Depression Index (BDI), WHODAS 2.0-12 item, and K-SIS. Floor and ceiling effects of each domain of K-SIS were examined. The internal consistency of each domain of the K-SIS was calculated using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Correlation between K-SIS and each scale was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: Ninety subjects participated in the study. The K-SIS was found to have excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.93$). Each domain of the consistency ranged from 0.86 to 0.94, except the emotion (${\alpha}=0.51$). Significant correlations were observed between MMSE and domains of memory and thinking, and communication (r=0.48 and 0.52 respectively). BDI was negatively related to domains of emotion, ADL, mobility, and participation (r=-0.43, -0.49, -0.52 and -0.33 respectively). Specific daily activity (MBI) and general functioning (WHODAS 2.0) were also found to be closely related to the domains of ADL, mobility, and participation (ranging from r=-0.41 to r=-0.59). No ceiling and floor effect was observed. Conclusion: Excellent reliability and validity of K-SIS were obtained in the study and it could be suggested that K-SIS may be used for patients with stroke for collection of information on functioning in the clinical context.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.735-742
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• 2023

Background: Gintonin is a new material of ginseng that acts through the ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand. The gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF) inhibits amyloid plaque accumulation in the cortex and hippocampus, improves cognitive dysfunction by increasing acetylcholine levels, and promoted hippocampal neurogenesis in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. We evaluated the effect of the GEF on the cognitive performance of subjects with subjective memory impairment (SMI). Methods: In this eight-week, randomized, assessor- and participant-blinded, placebo-controlled study, participants with SMI were assigned to three groups receiving placebo, GEF 300 mg/day or GEF 600 mg/day. The Korean versions of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (K-ADAS), Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and Stroop color-word test (K-SCWT) were also evaluated along with the safety profiles. Results: One hundred thirty-six participants completed the study. After eight weeks, we analyzed intergroup differences in primary or secondary outcome score changes. When we compared the GEF group with the placebo group, we observed significant improvements in the K-ADAS and K-SCWT scores. The GEF group did not show a significant improvement in K-MMSE and BDI scores compared to the placebo group. No adverse events were observed in the gintonin and placebo groups for eight weeks. Conclusion: The GEF is safe and effective in improving subjective cognitive impairment related to both the K-ADAS and K-SCWT in this study. However, further large-scale and randomized controlled studies are warranted to secure other cognitive function tests besides the K-ADAS and K-SCWT, and to confirm the findings of the current study.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.433-444
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• 2023

Objectives: This case study aimed to provide evidence of the combined use of Korean Medicine treatments, including electroacupuncture (EA) on scalp acupoints, as a useful intervention for post-stroke delirium. Methods: The patient in this study was diagnosed with Cerebral Infarction in Right Corpus Callosum and post-stroke delirium. The patient received eight sessions of EA on scalp acupoints, rehabilitation medicine treatment, and other Korean Medicine treatments such as acupuncture and herbal medicine. Evaluation of treatment effectiveness was done mainly through the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale Korean (MDAS-K) and Mini-Mental State Examination Korean (MMSE-K). Results: MDAS-K score dropped from 20 to 9 and MMSE-K score increased from 15 to 21 during hospitalization, showing improvement in symptoms. Conclusions: Combined use of Korean medicine treatments including EA on scalp acupoints may be an effective treatment for post-stroke delirium.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.36-48
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• 1997

This survey was performed to evaluate and compare cognitive function, self-esteem and depression in the elderly related to aging. The data were collected from 200 elders in eight homes for the elderly in Taegu. Data collection was done from June 1 to 31, 1996. The scale used to measure cognitive function was the MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea), Self-esteem was measmed using Rosenberg's self-esteem scale and depression using SDS(Self-rating Depression Scale). A comparison of cognitive function, self-esteem and depression by aging were summarised as follows : 1. There were significant differences on the cognitive function score in the elderly according to age group(F=24.81, P<.01). 2. There were significant differences on the self-esteem score in the elderly according to age group(F=3.84, P<.5). 3. There were significant differences on the depression score in the elderly according to age group (F=5.90, P<.1). 4. The general characteristics which affected the cognitive function scores of the elders were sex (F=8.45, P<.5), educational level(F=8.86, P<.5), spousing(F=34.59. P<.01), and the perception of health(F=4.63, P<.5). 5. The general characteristic which affected the self-esteem scores of the elders was the perception of health(F=3.81. P<.5). 6. The general characteristic which affected the depression scores was the educational level(F=3.96, P<.5).

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed at finding factors influencing cognitive impairment which is one of the typical symptoms among the demented elderly. Methods: The number of subjects was 417 elderly residents aged over 65 yr in a community. A cognitive function and a depression level were measured using the Korean Version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and the Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS). Alcohol abuse was measured using the CAGE instrument. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify factors affecting cognitive impairment. Results: The prevalence rates of cognitive impairment of the sample was 43.5%. Sex, age, educational level, perceived health and alcohol abuse were strong factors influencing cognitive impairment. However, the effects of smoking, living alone, depression, family history in dementia and stroke were not strong. Conclusion: Risk for cognitive impairment were increased by being female and older than 70 yr, having low education, perceiving health as poor, and drinking alcohol abusively. Therefore, a reinforcement system, continuous research and the development of proper programs should be preformed in order to prevent cognitive impairment.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy and side effects of quetiapine and haloperidol for the treatment of symptoms of delirium. Methods : One hundred and seven patients with delirium were recruited and randomly assigned to receive a flexible-dose regimen of quetiapine or haloperidol over 7days and seventy-seven patients completed the study(quetiapine group N=40, haloperidol group N=37). The severity of delirium was assessed by using Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale(MDAS) scores, the psychiatric and behavioral symptoms were assessed by Neurobehavioral Rating Scale(NRS) scores, and the cognitive status was measured by Mini-mental state examination Korean version(MMSE-K) scores. The side effects were measured by Drug Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale(DIEPSS) scores. Results : MDAS scores significantly improved in both treatment groups. NRS scores also significantly improved in both treatment group, but the group-by-time effect approached significance, likely caused by the greater decrease in scores of the quetiapine group. MMSE-K scores significantly improved only in the quetiapine group. Side effects associated with treatment were not significant in either treatment groups. Conclusion : This study suggests that quetiapine is as efficacious as haloperidol in the treatment of delirium. In particular, quetiapine seems to improve psychiatric and behavioral problems of delirium and was more effective than haloperidol in cognitive improvement.