• 생태와환경
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2021

To analyze the distribution characteristics of alien plants in various habitat types, 249 sites were selected from four administrative districts in the Gyeongsang region of Korea. The survey was conducted across nine different habitat types. A total of 115 species of alien plants were collected; comprising 23 families, 73 genera, 112 species, and 3 varieties. Species from the family Compositae were the most common at 33.0%. Raunkiaer's life forms had the highest occurrence rate with 70 species(60.9%) of therophytes(Th) followed by 30 species (26.1%) of hemicryptophytes (H) and 8 species (7.0%) of geophytes (G). The distributions of alien plant species per habitat type were: 81 species on the roadside; 80 species on vacant lots and artificial habitats; 67 species in streams; 53 species in grasslands; 47 species in cultivated lands; and 39 species on the coast. Since 2017, the number of alien plants has increased in Gyeongju-si, Cheongdo-gun, and Pohang-si, and decreased in Ulsan Metropolitan-si. In each region, 614 taxa were observed. The invasive alien species, Sicyos angulatus, Hypocaeris radicata, and Solanum carolinense, were observed for the first time and are expected to further increase the disturbance of the ecosystem.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.18-31
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• 2004

Ecological network can solve the ecological problems such as habitat cutting and fragmentation that are resulted from urbanization. Recently, rooftop biotope construction has been appeared as a usefull method for ecological networking in urban area. The objective of this study is to seek the possibility of rooftop greening introduction as well as to select target species for rooftop greening construction from the urban ecological network point of view. In order to select target species, we monitored two adjacent rooftop greening sites, where we found 22 species of birds and insects and 33 species of plants. We set criteria to select target species through documents research, and gave marks species according to the criteria with the help of specialists. We divided the target species into 5 groups on the basis of the 12 selecting criteria. In those two monitored rooftop greening sites, we did not find any species belong to group A, which is the best target species, but we found species belong to the other groups. Orthetrum albistylum, Sympetrum dawinianum belong to group B, which is the priority target species, 7 species besides Passer montanus, Coccinella axyridis, Agrionidae to group C, which is the possible target species, 6 species besides Atractomorpha lata to group D, which is the potential target species, and the others were found to be inadequate to the target species. We found Orthetrum albistylum, Sympetrum dawi-nianum to be the best appropriate target species in the two sites. According to the result of this study, the method of ecological network construction from the dra-gonfly habitat network point of view through the construction of rooftop habitat is ideal for Orthetrum albistylum, and Sympetrum dawinianum. For successful urban ecological network construction, selection criteria and construction techniqes & methods for rooftop habitat should be developed through future research.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2007

Objects : This study was designed to determine origin-plants of 3 kinds of Scrophulariaceae herbs reported worldwide 220 families 3000 species, domestic 21 families 55 species by researching efficacy of each herb. Furthermore the objects of study were confirmation of genuine species and substitution species standing on the results. Methods : In this studies, the origin-plants and efficacy were determined by bibliographic method. Results : The results indicate that 1. There were total 15 species of original plants of Scrophulariaceae herbs, 9 species for Radix Scrophulariae, 4 species for Radix Rehmanniae Recens, 2 species for Rhizoma Picrorrhizae. 2. In the view of authenticity of Radix Scrophulariae, there were 2 genuine species, 1 species for substitution, and study of 6 species later on. 3. In the view of authenticity of Radix Rehmanniae Recens, there were 2 genuine species, 1 species for substitution, and study of 1 species later on. 4. In the view of authenticity of Rhizoma Picrorrhizae, all the original species was genuine species. 5. The each efficacy of origin-plants were reported in the main subject. Conclusions : The 15 original plants were present among the 3 medicinal herbs in the common family scrophul ariaceae. There were 2 genuine species in Radix Scrophulariae and Rhizoma Picrorrhizae. All the original species was genuine species in Rhizoma Picrorrhizae.

• 한국토양동물학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2000

강원도 양양군과 인제군에 걸쳐 설악산 국립공원의 남부를 차지하고 있는 점봉산게 서식하는 거미류는 미확정 5종을 포함하여 총 27과 88녹 144종으로 나타났다. 풍부한 종 구성을 갖는 우점과의 순위는 접시거미과가 21종 (14.6%), 왕거미과 20종(13.9%), 꼬마거미과 16종(11.1%), 깡충거미과 12종(8.3%)등의 순이었고, 나머지 과는 미소 하였다. 생활형에 따르면 조망성거미는 89종(62.2%)으로 배회성 거미 55종(37.8%)보다 우세하였다. 거미류의 생태적 분포면에서 보면 구북계(Pal. spp.)가 16종 (11.2%), 전북계(Hol. spp.) 7종(4.9%) 범세계종(Cos. spp.)이 1종(0.7%)이고 한국고유종(Kor. spp.)은 25종(미확정 5종 포함, 17.4%)이었고 동양계(Or. spp.)는 한 종도 채집되지 않았다. 따라서 점봉산은 한국고유종이 차지하는 비율이 높아 가장 한국적 특성을 잘 반영하는 동시에 북방계(Pal. + Hol., 16.1%)의 거미가 우세한 지역임을 알 수 있다. 또한, 인접국가와의 공통성을 보면, 한국과 일본, 한국과 중국, 한국과 러시아 (사할린과 시베리아 포함)의 공통종은 각각 115종(80.4%), 98종(68.5%), 48종(33.6%)으로 일본, 중국과 공통성이 매우 크게 나타났으며 한·일·중·러 공통종은 39종 (27.3%)으로 나타났다. 한편, 개발치 정도와 방향에 따른 물리적 환경 변화가 생물상에 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 따라서 자연환경을 보전을 위해서는 개발의 정도와 시간의 경과에 따른 생물상의 변화를 감지할 수 있는 감시 시스템이 필요할 것으로 사료되며, 거미류는 종다양성과 발생밀도가 자연상태에서 매우 높고 발견이 용이하기 때문에 조사의 진행정도에 따라 환경오염 등의 환경변화를 반영할 수 있는 지표생물로 활용 가능하다고 판단된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2006

Growth responses of Zea mays and Glycine max to colonization by mixture of combination of three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, two species of Glomus and a species of Scutellospora were compared. In Zea mays, plants inoculated with single species of AM fungi showed significantly higher in dry weight than non-mycorrhizal plant for all three AM fungal species. Also, growth of plants inoculated with spores of two species of AM fungi was significantly higher than nonmycorrhizal control except for plants inoculated with two Glomus species. When three species of AM fungi were inoculated, the plants showed the highest growth. In Glycine max, plants with single AM fungal species inoculation were not significantly different in plant growth from nonmycorrhizal plants. When the plants were inoculated with combination of two or more AM fungal species, their growth significantly increased compared to nonmycorrhizal plants. In both plant species, mycorrhizal root colonization by Scutellospora species was significantly lower than by Glomus species.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.62-65
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• 2000

Partial sequence comparisons of mitochondrial small subunit rDNA (mt SSU rDNA) were used to examine taxonomic and evolutionary relationships among seven Penicillium species : two monoverticillate species, two biverticillate species, and three terverticillate species. Amplified fragments of mt SSU rDNA highly varied among seven species in size, suggesting the existence of multiple insertions or deletions in the region. A phylogengtic tree was constructed by exhaustive search of parsimony analysis. The phylogenetic tree distinguished two statistically supported monophyletic groups, one for two monoverticillate species and the other for three terverticillate species and ont biverticillate species, P. vulpinum. The phylogenetic relationship of P. waksmanii, the biverticillate species, was not clear.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.332-340
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• 2023

Kim (1970) was an early, comprehensive foundation for the taxonomy of Korean spider wasps. All the species therein are reviewed, and an annotated checklist comprising 21 species is presented. Species names are corrected in terms of current taxonomy. Based on the re-examination of voucher specimens, five misidentifications are rectified, of which two species rectified as Priocnemis(Leptopriocnemis) cyphonota and P.(Umbripennis) pseudojaponica are new to Korea. Also, occurrences of two species (Anoplius eous and An. viaticus) in Korea, which was doubted by Lelej et al. (1994), are confirmed. On the other hand, exclusions of two species (Irenangelus perinx and Priocnemis mitakensis) from the Korean fauna are proposed. However, the need for further study on six species (Anoplius reflexus, An. infuscatus, Arachnospila eisukei or Ar. fumipennis eisukei, Auplopus obtusus, Priocnemis irritablis) historically mentioned for the Korean fauna is newly recognized. The current taxonomic status of those species is briefly discussed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

DNA barcoding, an inventory of DNA sequences from a standardized genomic region, provides a bio-barcode for identifying and discovering species. Several recent studies suggest that the sequence diversity in a 648 bp region of the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) might serve as a DNA barcode for identifying animal species such as North American birds, insects and fishes. The present study tested the effectiveness of a COI barcode in discriminating Korean bird species. We determined the 5' terminus of the COI barcode for 92 species of Korean birds and found that species identification was unambiguous; the genetic differences between closely related species were, on average, 25 times higher than the differences within species. We identified only one misidentified species out of 239 specimens in a genetic resource bank, so confirming the accuracy of species identification in the banking system. We also identified two potential composite species, calling for further investigation using more samples. The finding of large COI sequence differences between species confirms the effectiveness of COI barcodes for identifying Korean bird species. To bring greater reliability to the identification of species, increased intra- and interspecies sampling, as well as supplementation of the mitochondrial barcodes with nuclear ones, is needed.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.329-340
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• 2007

This study is to find out how well elementary school gardens work as places of observation learning. We compared the tree species planted in elementary school gardens with those which appeared in the science textbooks of the 7th Korean National Curriculum. The number of tree species are 60 throughout all the grades, specifically; 43 in the third grade, 22 in the fifth grade, 16 in the first grade, 15 in the second grade, 8 in the sixth grade, and 5 in the fourth grade, respectively. Their frequency of appearance (hereafter referred to as 'appearance frequency') throughout all the grades is 175, and the maximum frequency is 62 in the third grade. Of particular note is the fact that the appearance frequency in one grade was very high, meaning that a repeat study will not be conducted. The total number of tree species counted in the study was 13,028 and consisted of 167 species in 52 families. Only 23% of the total planted tree species, that is, 38 tree species appeared in the textbooks, so the ratio of the practical usage of school gardens was revealed to be low. In the school gardens, there are only an average of about 16 tree species per school. The fewest number of species in one school was 9 and the most was 22. The native species were 74 and the non-native species were 93. This means that almost all the planted species do not relate to observation learning in the textbooks. The 22 tree species among 60 species in the textbooks were not planted in the gardens. In conclusion, the degree of utilization of almost all the elementary school gardens examined during this investigation was very low.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.292-303
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• 2022

Background: Climate change significantly influences the geographical distribution of plant species worldwide. Selecting indicator species allows for better-informed and more effective ecosystem management in response to climate change. The Korean Peninsula is the northernmost distribution zone of warm temperate evergreen broad-leaved (WTEB) species in Northeast Asia. Considering the ecological value of these species, we evaluated the current distribution range and future suitable habitat for 13 WTEB tree species designated as climate-sensitive biological indicator species. Results: Up-to-date and accurate WTEB species distribution maps were constructed using herbarium specimens and citizen science data from the Korea Biodiversity Observation Network. Current northern limits for several species have shifted to higher latitudes compared to previous records. For example, the northern latitude limit for Stauntonia hexaphylla is higher (37° 02' N, Deokjeokdo archipelago) than that reported previously (36° 13' N). The minimum temperature of the coldest month (Bio6) is the major factor influencing species distribution. Under future climate change scenarios, suitable habitats are predicted to expand toward higher latitudes inland and along the western coastal areas. Conclusions: Our results support the suitability of WTEB trees as significant biological indicators of species' responses to warming. The findings also suggest the need for consistent monitoring of species distribution shifts. This study provides an important baseline dataset for future monitoring and management of indicator species' responses to changing climate conditions in South Korea.