• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.71-74
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• 2003

Effects of nitrogen addition on the growth of Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria (Leguminosae) in the waste landfill site was investigated. Nitrogen fertilization in the nitrogen poor soils of waste landfill may influence the growth of nitrogen fixing plants beneficially or detrimentally. When I. pseudo-tinctoria was fertilized with three different levels of nitrogen, the coverage of plants treated with 46 g N/$m^2$ and 460 g N/$m^2$ was significantly less than that of plants treated with 23 g N/$m^2$. The growth rates of plant height treated with 46 g N/$m^2$ and 460 g N/$m^2$ were significantly less than those of plants treated with 23 g N/$m^2$. The growth rates of plant diameter treated with 46 g N/$m^2$ and 460 g N/$m^2$ were significantly less than those of plants treated with 23 g N/$m^2$. Dry weights of whole plants in control sites were higher than those of all the others nitrogen treatment sites. Nodule numbers were higher in control plants than those of plants in all the other nitrogen treatment sites. It is suggested that nitrogen fertilizer addition over 23 g N/$m^2$ affect the growth of some nitrogen fixing plants, such as I. pseudo-tinctoria, negatively.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.568-579
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• 2018

Virtual power plants can be regarded as systems that have entered the network after restructure of power systems. In fact, these plants are a set of consumers capable of consuming and generating power. In response to widespread implementation of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, further investigation of energy management in this type of power plants seems to be of great value. In effect, these vehicles are able to receive and inject power from/into the network. Hence, study of the effects of these vehicles on management of virtual power plants seems to be illuminative. In this paper, management of power consumption/generation in virtual power plants has been investigated in the presence of hybrid electric vehicles. The objective function of virtual power plants problem management is to minimize the overall costs including not only the costs of energy production in power generation units, fuels, and degradation of batteries of vehicles, but also the costs of purchasing electricity from the network. Furthermore, the constraints on the operational of plants, loads and hybrid vehicles, level of penalty for greenhouse gas emissions ($CO_2$ and $NO_x$) produced by power plants and vehicles, and demand response to the immediate price of market have all been attended to in the present study. GAMS/Cplex software system and sample power system have been employed to pursue computer implementation and simulation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1955-1970
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• 2018

Several genetic strategies have been proposed for the successful transformation and expression of microbial transgenes in model and crop plants. Here, we bring into focus the prominent applications of microbial transgenes in plants for the development of disease resistance; mitigation of stress conditions; augmentation of food quality; and use of plants as "bioreactors" for the production of recombinant proteins, industrially important enzymes, vaccines, antimicrobial compounds, and other valuable secondary metabolites. We discuss the applicable and cost-effective approaches of transgenesis in different plants, as well as the limitations thereof. We subsequently present the contemporary developments in targeted genome editing systems that have facilitated the process of genetic modification and manifested stable and consumer-friendly, genetically modified plants and their products. Finally, this article presents the different approaches and demonstrates the introduction and expression of microbial transgenes for the improvement of plant resistance to pathogens and abiotic stress conditions and the production of valuable compounds, together with the promising research progress in targeted genome editing technology. We include a special discussion on the highly efficient CRISPR-Cas system helpful in microbial transgene editing in plants.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2024

This study was conducted to identify the differences in physiological and psychological effects between artificial and natural plants. Artificial and natural plant pots consisting of the same species and forms were prepared, and 40 subjects were asked to look at these plants for 3 min, and psychological responses were measured. Semantic differential, profile of mood states, and positive and negative affect schedule were used as psychological response measurement scales. As a result, regardless of the difference in plant material, as plants were viewed, negative emotions decreased in psychological terms. This result suggests that artificial plants can replace natural plants and that the use of artificial plants can be improved if planting natural plants is difficult because there is no difference in the psychological effects provided by artificial and natural plants.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1361-1368
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• 2009

The effects of $Cd^{2+}$ ions on the Chl a fluorescence of 5 hydrophytes (e.g. Lemna, Salvinia, Ricciocarp, Nymph, Typha plants) were investigated in order to select $Cd^{2+}$-sensitive plant species and to get informations on physiological responses of plants to $Cd^{2+}$ stress. Lemna plants were most sensitive to cadmium stress, while Nymph plants were tolerant. However, in all $Cd^{2+}$-treated plants, Fv/Fm, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II, decreased in proportion to the increase of $Cd^{2+}$ concentration and treatment time. The Chl a fluorescence transient O-J-I-P was also considerably affected by $Cd^{2+}$ ions; the fluorescence yield decreased consid- erably in steps J, I and P in $Cd^{2+}$ treated plants, although it followed a typical polyphasic rise in non-treated plants. In Lemna plants, the functional parameters, ABS/CS, TRo/CS와 ETo/CS and RC/CS, decreased in proportion to the increase of $Cd^{2+}$ concentration, while N, Mo and Kn increased. The structural parameters, ${\Phi}po$, ${\Phi}po$/($1-{\Phi}po$), Plabs, SFlabs, Kp and RC/ABS, also decreased according to the increase of $Cd^{2+}$ concentration. Consequently, Lemna plants will be useful as a experimental model system to investigate responses of plants. And several functional or structural parameters could be applied to determine quantitatively the physiological states of plants under stresses.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.390-402
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• 2005

본 연구는 충청북도 제천시 생태숲 조성예정지의 자원식물상을 체계적으로 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 이 지역은 북위 $37^{\circ}\;12'$, 동경 $127^{\circ}\;57'$에 위치하고 2004년 3월부터 10월까지 조사하였다. 관속식물상은 83과 238속 324종 44변종 3품종 등 총 371종류가 확인되었고 자원식물상 조사결과 관상용 식물자원은 178종 $(47.98\%)$, 식용 식물자원은 232종$(62.53\%)$, 약용 식물자원은 257종$(69.27\%)$, 기타용 식물자원은 154종$(41.51\%)$로 나타났다. 산림청 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 너도바람꽃, 백작약, 태백 제비꽃, 미치광이풀로 조사되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.682-688
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• 2020

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a dioecious plant, although monoecious plants are bred in some cultivars for fiber or seed production. Recently, hemp has received attention for medicinal use with some cannabinoids, including cannabidiol. Self-fertilization for breeding inbred lines is difficult because of dioeciousness and anemophily in hemp. This experiment was conducted to develop a self-fertilization method by forming female flowers and seeds from male plants of dioecious hemp. To induce the formation of female flowers on male plants, 500 mg L^-1 of ethephon was sprayed on plants at soon, seven and fourteen days after primordia formation. The plant ratio of female flowers formation and the number of harvested seeds were increased by ethephon treatment. Female flowers of male plants have 5 stigmas in contrast to the dual stigma of female 1plants. Male plant seeds were lighter and smaller than those from female plants. Although the germination rate was lower than that of normal seeds from female plants, the seeds from male plants germinated to grow seedlings. Thus, we suggest that hemp plants should be treated with ethephon at soon after primordia formation to induce the formation of more female flowers on the male plants.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 1997

강원대학교 연습림의 연엽산과 구절산 지역을 대상으로 식물상(植物相)을 조사한 결과, 관속식물자원(管束植物資源)은 98과(科) 345속(屬) 551종(種) 2아종(亞種) 88변종(變種) 10품종(品種) 2잡종(雜種)으로 총 653분류군이 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 소산식물(所産植物)중 한국특산식물(韓國特産植物)은 20종류, 그리고 희귀(稀貴) 및 멸종위기식물(滅種危機植物)은 18종류가 분포하였으며, 자연생태계(自然生態系)에 예측할 수 없는 영향을 초래하는 귀화식물(歸化植物)은 27종류가 출현하였다. 귀화식물 종류수에 의한 자연파괴도(自然破壞度)(UI)는 약 12.4%로 나타났다. 또한 소산식물(所産植物)들의 유용도(有用度)는 식용자원(食用資源)(42.1%), 약용자원(藥用資源)(33.8%), 목초용(牧草用)(28.8%), 관상자원(觀賞資源)(11.8%), 목재자원(木材資源)(5.2%), 섬유자원(纖維資源)(1.4%), 공업용(工業用)(1.1%) 등의 순으로 나타났으며, 아직 용도가 밝혀지지 않은 식물자원도 140종류(21.4%)로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 1998

Arisaema robustum, which has the ability to change sex, was studied in a temperate broadleaf forest of Sanseong-ri, Joongbu-myeon, Gwangju-gun, Kyonggi Province, Korea. \ulcornerThe study, carried out from 1993 to 1997, focused on population dynamics energy budget among organs, size distribution, mortality, the relationships between sex and size, seed production and germination rate. In terms of energy budget among the organs, the ratio of aboveground to belowground biomass was 36.6 : 63.4 in non-female plants, and 81.4 : 18.6 in female plants. Also, in female plants, the ration of leaf to sexual organ biomass was 39.5 : 41.9. Therefore, the belowground ratio of female plants was lower than that of non-female plants. Plants were classified into 8 levels relative to the amount of leaf area by $100cm^2$. The rates of the smallest and the largest classes were 49% and 1%, respectively, and population distribution by size was relatively stable. The mortality averaged 13.1% per year and decreased in inverse proportion to leaf size (6.6% in the smallest and 0.0% in the largest size classes). Leaf areas were $64.1{\pm}48.5cm^2$ in non-flowering plants, $232.1{\pm}123.9cm^2$ in males and $444.8{\pm}153.9cm^2$ in females. The increase rates of leaf area per year varied from 1.9% in plants changing from female tomale, to 152.4% in plants changing from non-flowering to female. But plants which remained female for 2 years showed a decrease of 34.7%. >From this result, it is thought that the female plants invest more energy to reproduction than to vegetative organs. The correlation coefficient (CC) value between plant size and the number of seeds produced (0.55) was larger than the CC value between plant size and total seed weight (0.73). That is, the larger the plant size, the heavier the seed produced. The germination rate increased along with seed weight, and it was 95% in plants which were over 60mg fresh weight/seed.

• 환경생물
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.95-126
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• 2024

본 연구는 백두대간 조령산의 관속식물과 고도별 수직분포 조사를 조사하였다. 2023년 4월부터 2023년 9월까지 총 4회에 걸쳐 조사한 결과, 관속식물은 101과 314속 491종 10아종 43변종 6품종 2교잡종의 총 552분류군이 확인되었다. 또한 우리는 관속식물 360분류군에 대해 고도별 분포범위를 구축하였다. 한반도 특산식물은 19분류군, 희귀식물은 2분류군이었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 100분류군으로 V등급에 2분류군, IV등급에 7분류군, III등급에 25분류군, II등급에 33분류군, I등급에 33분류군이 확인되었다. 북방계 식물은 78분류군, 외래식물은 29분류군이며, 귀화율 5.3%, 도시화지수 7.4%로 나타났다. 생태계교란식물은 2분류군이 확인되었다. 종 풍부도는 저지대와 중간 고도, 정상부에서 높은 패턴이 나타났다. 고도별 종 조성의 유사도는 저지대인 해발 200~300 m를 제외하고 인접한 고도구간일수록 유사성이 높게 나타났다. 조령산은 고도에 따라 62.1~92.9℃·month의 온도 범위를 보여주었다. 본 연구는 조령산 관속식물의 분포 자료로써 추후 기후변화에 따른 식물의 분포변화 연구를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.