• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.832-848
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• 2024

This study was carried out to assess the quality properties, components associated with taste and aroma of beef as a function of breed. For this purpose, steers from four Korean native cattle breeds: Hanwoo (n=10), Chikso (n=10), black Hanwoo (n=12, BHW) and Jeju black cattle (n=12, JBC) were used. The steers all were raised under identical conditions and finished at a similar age of around 30-months old. Following 24 h of slaughter, all longissimus lumborum muscles were collected and used for analysis of meat quality, fatty acids, and flavor-related components (metabolic compounds, free amino acids, and aroma volatiles). The Hanwoo presented a significantly higher intramuscular fat content (IMF, 22.85%) than the BHW (11.78%), Chikso (9.25%), and JBC (9.14%; p<0.05). The meat of Hanwoo breed showed lighter and redder color, and lower shear force value (p<0.05). The JBC presented a "healthier" fatty acid profiles as it had a higher total unsaturated fatty acids content (p<0.05). With regard to flavorrelated components, Hanwoo also had higher total contents of free amino acids and metabolites associated with umami and sweet tastes, and fat-derived volatile compounds (aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones) associated with fatty aroma. It may be concluded that there was a considerable difference in the meat quality properties among breeds. The variations of IMF content and flavor-related components may be the main factors contributing to the typical flavors of beef among the four Korean native cattle breeds.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.336-341
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of carcass grade on the hardness, myofibrillar fragmentations index, protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity of myofibril and actomyosin obtained from 1, 2, 3 and D carcass grade)subgrade) in Korean native cow. Proximate component, hardness, chewiness, myofibril fragmentation index, protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity if myofibril or actomyosin were not significantly different between 1st and 2nd carcass grade loin. The hardness and chewiness of 2nd carcass grade loin's were significantly lower than 3th grade loin's, but the myofibril fragmentation index, sarcoplasmic protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity of myofibril were higher. The myofibrillar protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity of actomyosin obtained from 3th carcase grade loin's were significantly higher than D grade loin's, but the hardness, chewiness and stroma protein extractability were lower. In conclusion, the degree of toughness in Korean native cow's loin was not significantly different between 1st and 2nd grade, but 3rd and D carcass grade were significantly higher, regardless of before and after aging.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.441-453
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• 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of round of Hanwoo by vacuum packaging film materials, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH). The packaged beef samples were stored in refrigerated conditions (2±1℃) for 12 weeks. Physicochemical analysis with pH, surface color, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values, and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) values and microbiological analysis with aerobic plate count (APC) and metagenomic analysis of packaged beef samples were performed. The pH and surface color did not change substantially during the 12 weeks and EVOH-packaged beef tended to be lower than those of PVDC-packaged beef. PVDC- and EVOH-packaged samples showed low TBARS and VBN values below standard limits. APC did not exceed 7 Log CFU/g for both samples during storage. In metagenomic analysis, Firmicutes and Lactobacillaceae were dominant phylum and family of the PVDC- and EVOH-packaged beef. In both packaged samples, Dellaglioa algida was the dominant species during storage, with the notable difference being the presence of Lactococcus piscium. Therefore, this study provided the information on the quality of vacuum-packaged beef according to different vacuum films for long-term refrigerated storage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.648-654
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• 2004

This study was carried out to assess whether feeding of alcohol-fermented feeds (AFF) affects the nutritional metabolism and growth characteristics of Korean native steers. Ten steers were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The dietary treatments were AFF (50% commercial beef cattle feed+30% alcohol-fermented soybean curd dregs+20% rice straw) and control (80% commercial beef cattle feed+20% rice straw). The change of serum metabolites and growth characteristics were measured every two months during the whole twelve months experimental period and the relationships between serum metabolites and growth characteristics were simultaneously analyzed. Four hours after feeding AFF, serum alcohol concentration reached its peak with a significantly higher value than that after control feeding (11.9 and 4.9 mg/dl, respectively). Serum glucose and inorganic phosphorus (IP) concentrations (63.1 and 8.4 mg/dl, respectively) of steers fed AFF were higher than those (56.6 and 7.0 mg/dl) fed the control diet. In both treatments, the serum glucose concentration rapidly increased when body weight (BW) of the steer reached about 600kg, while IP concentrations were rapidly diminished at that BW. Lower concentrations of both blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cholesterol were observed in steers fed AFF up to 450 kg of BW. The IP concentration was correlated with concentrations of BUN, cholesterol and glucose in AFF fed cattle but not in the cattle fed control diets. Average daily gain was higher in steers fed AFF than steers fed control, particularly during the growing stage of cattle. These findings indicated a capability of AFF to improve BW gain of Korean native steers by decreased protein degradation as well as increased fat synthesis.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2020

It is well known that intensive selection caused a decline in reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Interestingly, the reproductive performances including fertility and calving interval of Korean native beef cattle have declined in the last 20 years, suggesting that a breeding program focusing on carcass weight and intramuscular fat may affect the reproductive physiology in Korean native beef cattle, too. In this study, we analyzed the calving interval (CI) and selection index (SI) based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of Hanwoo cows for seven years (2013 - 2019). Multiparous cows (4.5 ± 0.11) were analyzed, which were bred by artificial insemination (AI). We first examined the distribution of the AIs and calving dates. About 40% of the AIs were carried out in May to June and October to December; subsequently, calving was observed from March to April and August to October, respectively, indicating the cows were seasonally bred. No correlation between CI and SI was found (y = 0.0459x - 17.64; R² = 0.0356), but the ratio of cows with a positive SI was higher in the longer CI group compared to the shorter group, suggesting that the selection for meat quality and quantity may affect the reproductive performances. In addition, the average value of SI was - 3.42 in the CI < 400 while + 5.79 in the CI > 400 although the values were not statistically significant. However, our results suggest that reproductive indices such as fertility and CI should be considered for sustainability in the Hanwoo breeding selection program.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2005년도 국제학술심포지움 The 44th Annual Meeting of Korean Society for Life Science
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• pp.93-93
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• 2005

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.174-177
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• 1998

Two 7 months old Korean native beef calves, which were suspected as ergotisms were referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospitals Chonnam National University in February 1997. Those showed severe lameness as a result of a dry gangrene of the lower part of both hindlimbs which unilaterally were detached, tail necrosis and retarded growth. On the skin of the extremities of both hindlimbs were clearly appeared indented line, hypertropic granuloma and hemorrhage, from which were isolated gicrosp$\theta$rum gysiNㅁt. On the X-ray views of hindlimbs and the longitudinal sectioned metatarsal bones were not observed any changes of osteomyelitis except slightly increased osteophytes and soft tissue swelling. Clnical and anatomical observations were suggested that these calves were affected by the ergotism.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2005

유전자수준의 염기서열에 근거를 둔 유전자 감식기법을 활용하여 개체간의 유전적 차이로 한우육과 젖소육 혹은 수입육의 구별방법을 개발하기 위한 연구가 많이 수행되었다. 그 중 real-time PCR 판별방법은 기존 PCR의 단점인 허위양성을 배제시켜 그 결과의 신뢰성이 높으며, PCR 산물들의 제한효소에 의한 절단 및 겔에서의 확인 등의 과정을 생략시킬 수 있어 짧은 시간 내에 다량의 시료를 분석할 수 있고 민감도가 높아 쇠고기가 포함된 가공식품의 분석도 가능하다는 장점이 있다. 본 연구는 시중에서 한우로 유통되는 쇠고기(생육 또는 양념육)의 DNA를 추출하여 real-time PCR을 통해서 모색유전자의 유전자 형(C-type, C/T-type or T-type)으로 한우육과 젖소육 및 수입육을 구분하였다. 한우육만을 판매한다는 시중 음식점 41개소에서 쇠고기(생육 또는 양념육)를 수거하여 분석한 결과, 분석된 41개의 시료 중 29개가 한우 유전자형으로, 12개의 시료가 젖소 또는 수입육 유전자형으로 판별되었다. 따라서 분석된 시료들의 한우육(T-type) 비율은 $70.1\%$, 그리고 젖소육 또는 수입육 비율은 $29.3\%$(C/T-type; $12.2\%$, C-type; $17.1\%$)이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.475-479
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• 1994

Postweaning performance data were obtained on 401 group fed purebred Angus calves from 24 selected sires (12 high and 12 low feed conversion sires) from 1983 through 1986 at the Northwestern Branch of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. A single generation divergent selection experiment was replicated four times (1983, 1984, 1985 and 1986) to obtain an realized heritability estimate for postweaning feed conversion. The 140-d postweaning period was divided into five 28-d periods. Realized heritability estimates for feed conversion by 28-d periods fluctuated greatly and demonstrated no particular pattern. Heritability was highest for the fourth period (between d 85 and 112 of postweaning period, 0.61). Thus, beef producers could successfully select for feed conversion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.919-925
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• 2018

Objective: The performance, health, and behaviour of cattle can be strongly affected by climate. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of heat stress on blood parameters, blood proteins (haptoglobin [Hp]; heat shock protein 70 [HSP70]), rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR) and rumination time in Korean native beef calves. Methods: Thirty-two Korean native beef calves were randomly assigned to 8 groups with 4 animals per group. They were kept in environmental condition with temperature-humidity index (THI) ranging from 70.01 to 87.72 in temperature-humidity controlled chamber for 7 days. Results: Their HR, RT, and serum cortisol and HSP70 levels were increased (p<0.05) in high THI compared to those at low THI. But, serum Hp level was decreased (p<0.05) in high THI compared to these at low THI. In addition, HR, RT, serum cortisol and HSP70 were positively correlated with THI ($R^2=0.8368$, p<0.01; $R^2=0.6162$, p<0.01; $R^2=0.581$, p<0.01; $R^2=0.2241$, p = 0.0062, respectively). There was also positive association between HR and cortisol ($R^2=0.4697$, p<0.01). Similarly, RT and cortisol were positively associated ($R^2=0.4581$, p<0.01). But, THI and HR were negatively correlated with Hp ($R^2=0.2157$, p = 0.02; $R^2=0.3362$, p = 0.003). Hematology and metabolites results were different among treatment groups. Standing position was higher (p<0.05) in the high THI group compared to that in the low THI group. Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that HR, RT, blood parameters (Cortisol, HSP70, Hp) and standing position are closely associated with heat stress. These parameters can be consolidated to develop THI chart for Korean native beef calves.