• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.33-36
• /
• 2011

The genome of a potyvirus isolate associated with chlorotic spots and vein banding symptoms on Spathiphyllum spp., in Andhra Pradesh state, India was amplified by RT-PCR using degenerate potyvirus primers, amplicons cloned, and sequence (1.6 kb) analyzed. This virus isolate shared maximum identity of 74.8% and 80.2% at coat protein (CP) gene nucleotide (906 nucleotides) and amino acid (302 amino acids) levels, respectively with Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV)-M13 isolate reported from China. But its 3'-UTR (258 nucleotides) had maximum identity of 62.5% with DsMV-Vietnam isolate. The deduced molecular weight of CP is 33.57 kDa and it contained DAG triplet in its N-terminal region. In CP amino acid based phylogenetic analysis, this virus isolate represented a separate branch but closer to DsMV isolates cluster. Based on the molecular criteria set for the discrimination of species and genus in the Potyviridae family, the present virus isolate was identified as a distinct virus species in the genus Potyvirus and proposed the name Spathiphyllum chlorotic vein banding virus (SCVbV).

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2004

이 실험의 목적은 침엽수(Paraserianthes falcataria)와 활엽수(Shoreasp) 골목에서 두 개의 Ganoderma lucidum 균주의 자실체 발생과 성장을 연구하고 자실체의 organic germanium 과 crude ganoderic acid 함량을 측정하기 위함이다. 두 개의 Ganaderma lucidum중 하나는 인도네시아 본지에서 분리한 것이고 또 다른 하나는 Fungi Perfecti, USA에서 구입한 것을 사용하였다. 일반적으로 활엽수에서 생성된 자실체의 농도가 침엽수에서 자란 것보다 훨씬 높다. 두 종류의 골목 모두에서 상업용 균주에서 생산된 자실체의 organic germanium 농도가 인도네시아의 균주에서 생산된 자실체의 organic germanium 농도보다 높았다. 이에 반하여 버섯 자실체의 crude ganoderic acid 농도는 두 개의 균주로부터 생산된 자실체에서 거의 같은 농도를 보였다. 인도네시아 균주는 상업용 분리균주와 비교했을 때 생산된 자실체의 총 organic germanium과 총 crude ganoderic acid의 생산성이 높았다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 1993

Enzyme AAT, GmDH, ME, GPI, LDH 그리고 IDH에 대해 각각 아홉, 일곱. 넷, 아홉, 일곱 그리고 네개의 서로 다른 phenotype이 관찰되었다. Sugarcane field에서 분기한 종명이 밝혀지지 않은 여섯개의 sterile isolate 모두 여섯개의 enzyme에 대해 동일한 위치에 band를 형성하였다. 이 phenotype들은 이미 밝혀진 Pythium species와는 다른 위치에서 band를 형성하였다. 종명이 밝혀지지 않은 Pythium isolate중 isolate 145와 299는 여섯개의 enzyme에 대해서 동일한 위치에서 band가 형성되었고, 다른 isolate들은 다른 위치에서 band를 형성하였다. 다섯개의 Pythium heterothallicum isolate들은 IDH를 제외한 모든 enzyme에 대해서 동일한 위치에서 band를 형성하였다. 두개 그리고 세개의 P. torulosum isolate가 AAT, GmDH 그리고 ME와 GPI,LDH 그리고 IDH 에 대해 각각 동일한 위치에 band를 형성하였다. 한개의 P. spinosum 과 P. irregulare isolate 각각이 enzyme AAT, GmDH 그리고 GPI에 대해 동일한 위치에 band를 형성하였다. 결론적으로, sterile Pythium isolate 들은 intraspecies level에서는 similarity 가 100%였지만, P. heterothallicum 그리고 Pythium spinosum과는 무관함이 밝혀졌고 isolate 306 을 제외한 다른 Pythium species들과는 전반적으로 낮은 상관성을 나타내었다 . 서로 다른 species간의 상관성은 몇몇 경우를 제외하고는 전반적으로 매우 낮았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.360-365
• /
• 1993

Phytate 함량이 다른 두 분리 대두단백(HSPI; high-phytate soy protein isolate, LSPI; low-phytate soy protein isolate)을 제조하여 pH 및 phytate 첨가량이 그들의 용해도와 소화율에 미치는 영향을 알아보았고 분리 대두단백을 용해도에 따라 분별한 후 그들의 특성을 전기영동을 통하여 알아보았다. LSPI와 HSPI 모두 분자량이 $13.6{\sim}81.1kDa$에 이르는 단백질 성분으로 이루어져 있으며 산성 pH에서 $18.0{\sim}35.0kDa$의 단백질은 phytate와 잘 결합하지 않는 특성을 가졌다. LSPI를 용해도에 다라 분별하였을 때 gliadin을 구성하는 단백질은 pH2에서 phytate와 쉽게 결합하지 않았다. 대두 단백질은 pepsin 소화율은 phytate 첨가량이 증가할수록 크게 저하되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 1989

This study was carried out in order to study the emulsifying properties of kidney bean protein isolate. Kidney bean protein isolate was tested for the purpose of finding out the effect of pH, addition of NaCl, and heat treatment on the solbulity and emulsion capacity, emulsion stability, surface hydropobicity and emulsion viscosity. The results were summarized as follows. 1 The solubility of kidney bean protein isolate was affected by pH and showed the lowest value at pll 4.5 which is isoelectric point of kidney bean isolate. When the kidney bean protein isolate was heated, the highest value observed at pH 2 and pH 7 was 96.11%, 97.41% respectively. 2. The emulsion capacity of kidney bean protein isolate was not significantly different with each pH. With addition of NaCl, emulsion capacity decreased steadily. When heated thr highest value observed at pH 2 and pH 7 was 82.91 ml oil/100 mg protein ($60^{\circ}C$), 82.08 m1 oil/100 mg protein ($80^{\circ}C$) respectively. 3. The emulsion stability was significantly higher at pH 4.5 than that of pH 2 and pH 7 (p 0.05) When NaCl was added, emulsion stability was generally increased after 2hrs. When heated, the highest value observed at pH 2 and pH 7 was 21.25% ($80^{\circ}C$),23.7%($100^{\circ}C$) respectively after 2hrs. 4. Surface hydrophobicity increased sharply as 0.2 M NaCl was added to pH 4.5. When heated, the surface hydrophobicity increased as the temperature increased. 5. The highest value of emulsion viscosity was observed at pH 4.5 and pH 7 when 0.2 M NaCl was added. Under heat treatment, the highest value was 48,000 cps at pH 4.5 ($40^{\circ}C$). In the case of pH 7, the highest value was 105,000 cpa at $100^{\circ}C$.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.293-299
• /
• 2006

2005년 5월부터 6월까지 국내 주요 국화재배 포장에서 총 50개 토양시료를 채집하여 식물기생선충상을 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 뿌리썩이선충(Pratylenchus)의 포장발생률이 86%로 대부분의 포장에서 광범위하게 분포하였고, 밀도는 토양 200 cc와 뿌리 1g에서 평균 1,095마리가 검출되었다. 분자생물학적 동정을 위하여, '무안', '구미', '태안', '정읍', '마산' 등 5지역을 선정하고, 그 지역의 뿌리썩이선충을 대상으로 ITS와 D3-28S rDNA의 유전자 분석을 하였다. PCR 결과 증폭된 ITS는 '무안'의 경우 1 kb 크기로 나타났고, 그 외의 다른 지역의 뿌리썩이선충에서는 0.8 kb로서 약 200 bp가량의 차이가 있었다. D3-28S rDNA의 PCR 결과에서는 모든 지역에서 약 320 bp로 일정한 크기의 gene이 증폭되었으며, 증폭된 DNA는 sequencer를 이용하여 염기서열정보를 얻었다. 얻어진 각 isolate의 D3 염기서열 정보는 DNASTAR 분석 소프트웨어의 MegAlign 프로그램을 이용하여 분석 및 phylogenetic tree를 형성하였다. 분석 결과 '구미'와 '태안' isolate의 D3 염기서열은 100% 일치하였고, '정읍' isolate는 이들 isolate와 99.7%의 유사성을 나타내었다. 또한 이들 세 isolate는 Pratylenchus vulnus와 근연종임이 확인되었는데, '구미', '태안'은 96.7%, '정읍'은 96.3%의 유사성을 각 나타내었다. 한편, '마산' isolate는 P. penetrans와 100% 일치됨을 나타내었고, '무안' isolate는 P. brachyurus와 99.7%의 유사성을 나타냄으로써 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과는 phylogenetic tree에서도 동일한 결과를 나타내고 있다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2009

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is caused by RHD virus (RHDV) and is one of the most fatal diseases of rabbits. Acute death of rabbits occurred in a farm located in the Gyeonggi province of South Korea. The virus was isolated and confirmed as RHDV based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and hemagglutination assay (HA), and the isolate was designated as KV0801. The nucleotide sequence of the complete VP60 gene of KV0801 was determined and the corresponding amino acid sequence was deduced. Molecular analysis showed that the KV0801 isolate can be classified as a pandemic antigenic variant strain, RHDVa. The VP60 nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid homology between KV0801 and other Korean isolate, RHF89, which was isolated in 1988, were 92.1 and 94.3%, respectively. The pathogenicity of the KV0801 isolate at an HA titer ranging from 16,384 to 0.16 HA units was evaluated in five-month-old SFP rabbits. The rabbits inoculated with KV0801 isolate containing more than 1.63 HA units died within six days of inoculation. These results suggest that a highly pathogenic RHDVa is circulating in the rabbit populations of Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.61-66
• /
• 2008

Akabane disease is caused by an arthropod-borne viral pathogen and leads to congenital abnormalities of the central nervous system in infected ruminants. One isolate, KV0505, showed cytopathic effect in Vero cells. The KV0505 isolate was obtained from plasma, which was collected from a cattle raised on Jeju Island in May 2005. Jeju Island is located near the southern part of the Korean peninsula. The isolate was confirmed as Akabane virus (AKAV) by immunofluorescence assay using AKAV specific monoclonal antibodies and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Suckling mice inoculated with the isolate showed signs of paralysis and died within 10 days postinoculation. Comparisons of the KV0505 N gene sequence with 39 other known AKAV strains revealed nucleotide homologies ranging from 83.6% (MP496 strain) to 99.7% (M171 strain). When compared with the K-9 strain, which was isolated from a cow in Korea in 1994, the nucleotide sequence homology with the N gene was 99.7%. Thus, genes of the KV0505 isolate were closely related to those of the M171 strain, which were clustered into the Ic group of AKAV.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.194-197
• /
• 2016

Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus (CYNMV) is one of the most widespread viruses in Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) and causes serious yield losses. Currently, genetic information of CYNMV is very restricted and complete genome sequences of only two isolates (one from Japan and another from China) have been reported. In this study, we determined complete genome sequence of the CYNMV isolate AD collected from Andong, Korea. Genetic analysis of the polyprotein amino acid sequence revealed that the Korean isolate AD has high similarity with the Japanese isolate PES3 (97%) but relatively low similarity with the Chinese isolate FX1 (78%). Phylogenetic analysis using the CYNMV 3' proximal nucleotide sequences harboring the coat protein and 3' untranslated region further supported genetic relationship among the CYNMV isolates. Based on comparative analysis of the CYNMV genome sequences determined in this study and other previous studies, we generated molecular detection primers that are highly specific and efficient for CYNMV diagnosis.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.411-420
• /
• 2006

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis by bacteria occurs widely in rhizospheres. Bacterial species able to synthesize IAAmay be exploited for beneficial interactions in crop management systems. The objective of this study was to determine the response of ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) seedlings to IAA and to an IAA-producing rhizobacterum, Bradyrhizobium japonicum isolate GD3. IAA solution and isolate GD3 suppression of seedling growth measured as radicle length and biomass depended on IAA concentration. Seedling radicle length was significantly reduced by ca. 29% with more than $1.0{\mu}M$ of IAA solution, compared to the control, 48 h after application. The cell concentration at 50% growth reduction ($GR_{50}$) of the seedling radicle was IAA production by isolate GD3 at $10^{4.82}\;cfu$, the cell concentration for 50% growth reduction ($GR_{50}$) of seedling radicle was 0.24 iM, which was much lower than the IAA solution concentration ($117.48{\mu}M$) required for $GR_{50}$. Therefore, excess IAA production by isolate GD3 may be more detrimental to morningglory radicle growth than standard IAA solution. Results confirmed involvement of IAA in suppressive effects of isolate GD3 on morning-glory seedlings grown in a hydroponic system.