• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.647-658
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Korean traditional dance movement training on balance, gait and leg strength in elderly women who are forced to remain at home. Fifteen elderly women of an experimental group between the ages 65 and 75 years who have normal vision and passed the hearing and Romberg test, participated in the 12 weeks' dance movement training. Fourteen subjects of a control group were selected. Korean traditional dance movement training was developed on the basis of Korean traditional dance and music by the authors. It took approximately 50 minutes to perform the dance movement program. The subjects of the experimental group practiced dance training for 3 times a week during 12 weeks. During the 50 minutes workout, the subjects practiced 15 minutes of a warm-up dance, 25 minutes of a conditioning dance, and 10 minutes of a cool-down dance. The intensity for the conditioning phase was between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. The balance, gait and leg strength were measured prior to and after the experimental treatment. Total balance scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Scores of sternal nudge, one leg standing balance and reaching up among 13 items have significantly increased after the dance movement training. Total scores of gait of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group following the korean traditional dance movement training. Scores of experimental group in step height, path deviation and turning while walking among 9 items have increased significantly following 12 weeks of dance movement training. The leg strength of experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group following the Korean traditional dance movement training. The balance, gait and leg strength have significantly correlated in the experimental group following the Korean traditional dance movement training. The results suggest that Korean traditional dance movement training can improve balance, gait and leg strength in home bound elderly women.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.833-852
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• 1996

Regular long term dance movement could be one of ways to induce improvement of psychophysiological variables, resulting in improvement of quality of life. However, there have been few studies to evaluate the effect of dance movement training on both physiological and psychological variables in the elderly. This study was focused to determine the effect of Korean traditional dance movement training on psychophysiological variables-body weight, body fat, lean body mass, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, resting heart rate and blood pressure, depression and life satisfaction-in Korean elderly women. Thirty four subjects, aged between 65 and 75years who have normal cognition, sensory function, cerebellum function, cardiovascular function, participated in this study. Seventeen experimental group subjects were selected from E-elderly university in Kyung Gi province, and Seventeen control group subjects were selected from N-welfare facility in Seoul City. Seventeen experimental group subjects participated for 12weeks dance movement program. Korean traditional dance movement program was developed on the basis of Korean traditional dance and music by the author. The program consisted of approximately 50minutes of dance, 3times a week for 12weeks. During 50minutes workout, there were 15minutes of warm-up dancing, 25minutes of conditioning dance and 10minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was at between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. The body weight, body fat, lean body mass, muscle strength(grip strength, leg strength), muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, resting heart rate and blood pressure, depression and life satis-faction were measured prior to and following the experimental treatment. The participants in dance movement were interviewed focusing on subjective feeling following 12 week's regular dance movement. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, percentage of change, X²-test, t-test, and ANCOVA test using SPSS PC/sup +/ program. Subjective feeling was categorized into cognitopsy-chological and physiological responses. Results were obtained as follows : 1) The body weight (F=15.52, p=.000), body fat (F=18.33, p=.000) and lean body mass (F=7.28, p=.011) of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the dance movement training. 2) The leg strength (F=30.96, p=.000), muscle endurance (F=9.06, p=.005), agility(F=44.92, 000), flexibility(F=6.84, p=.014) of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group following the dance movement training. There was no significant difference of grip strength(F=.43, p=.515) between experimental and control groups. 3) The heart rate(F=26.96, p=.000), systolic (F=10.40, p=.000) and diastolic(F=3.99, p=.005) blood pressure at rest of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the dance movement training. 4) No significant difference of score of depression (F=3.49, p=.071) was observed between experimental and control groups. 5) Score of life satisfaction of experimental group was remarkably higher than that of control group following 12weeks of dance movement training (p<0.05). 6) Thematic responses about the dance movement following the training were positive. "I feel good" was the most frequent among cognitopsychological responses and "I feel lightness of body" was the most frequent among physiological responses. The results suggest that Korean traditional dance movement training can improve psychophysiological variables of Korean elderly.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.538-548
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• 1995

Exercises are achievement oriented, the process is frequently perceived as hard and difficult Participants drop out from exercise programs in the middle of the training period. Dance movement, which is the deliberate and systematic use of movement, is enjoyable during the movement and provides opportunities for persons to express them-selves. Regular long term dance movement may in-duce a training effect with a decreased drop out rate. Dance movement could be one way to attain wellness, however, there have been few studies to evaluate both physiological and psychological aspects of dance movement. This study focused on evaluating the effects of dance movement training on body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, limb circumference and strength, stress response and subjective feelings. This quasi-experimental study was designed as a nonequivalent control group pre test -post test study. Ten healthy fe-male subjects, aged between 19 and 31 years volunteered for an eight week dance movement program. Ten healthy female subjects, between 19 and 21 years of age paticipated as controls. None of the subjects had performed regular physical activity for six months prior to the study. Dance movement was created with reference to Heber's movement guide. The Dance movement program consisted of approximately 30 minutes of dance, three days per week, for eight weeks. During each 30 minute work out, there were approximately 5 minutes of warm-up dancing, 20 minutes of conditioning dance and 5 minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was at between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf, muscle strength of upper and lower limb, physical and psychological response to stress were measured prior to, and following the experimental treatment. Body weight was measured by digital weight scale(Kyung In Corp., Korea). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by sphygmomanometer, Resting heart rate was measured for one minute in a relaxed sitting position using the radial artery. Circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf was determined by tape measure. Muscle strength of the upper extremities was measured by a grip dynamometer (Takei Corp. No.1857, Japan) and that of the extremities was measured by the length of time the leg could be held at 45° Physical and psychological responses to stress were measured using the Symptoms of Stress (SOS)Scale. Paticipants in the dance movement were interviewed by the facilitator following the eight weeks, and their thematic responses about the dance movement were recorded. Following the eight week dance movement train-ing, body weight decreased significantly, circumference of mid thigh and mid calf increased. The length of time leg - raising could be held tended to increase following the dance movement training. Resting systolic and resting heart rate showed a tendency to decrease. Total mean score of stress response tended to de-crease, and mean score of habitual patterns, do-pression, anxiety / fear, anger and cognitive disorganization decreased remarkably following the eight week dance movement. Thematic responses about the dance movement were positive following the training.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2003

This study was a quasi-experimental study of nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design to investigate the effect of rhythmic dance movement training on the physical and psychological functions of the elderly. The data were collected from November, 2001 to February, 2002. The subjects for this study were 34 elderly who was over 65 years old and was living in J city. The elderly selected for this study were: free from heart and pulmonary disease and not regular exercise. The rhythmic dance movement training in watching video tape was rhythmic dance movement and education and supportive care. The rhythmic dance movement was 40-60 intensity, 8 weeks' period, three times a week, 60 minutes a day. The data were analysed by $X^2$-test, paired t-test and unpaired t-test and ANCOVA through SAS/PC program. The results of the study were as follows: 1. There was insignificant difference in the gait length experimental and control group. 2. There was significant difference in the gait speed between the two groups. 3. There was significant difference in the dynamic valance between the two groups. 4. There was no significant difference in the depression between the two groups. 5. There was no significant difference in the Quality of life between the two groups. As shown above, the results of the 8 weeks' rhythmic movement program for the elderly produced positive effects on gait speed, dynamic valance. And this program was expected that it was more effective in different intervention period, verified program. Also it was needed follow study.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of a group movement exercise program on psychophysiological variables in the institutionalized elderly. Methods: This research adopted the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Twenty elders were selected as an experimental group, whereas twenty-two elders were as a control group. The group movement program consisted of 35 minutes of dance and three days a week for eight weeks. Resting systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in a relaxed sitting position. The range of flexion and extension of joint was measured with a gonimeter. Life satisfaction and self-efficacy were measured by self-report. Data were analyzed through $x^2$-test, t-test and ANCOVA using SPSS/WIN program. Results: The results were as follows: Resting systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate decreased significantly by the group movement training. The range of flexion and extension of the shoulder and hip joints increased significantly. The scores of life satisfaction and self-efficacy increased remarkably by the group movement. Conclusion: The results suggest that group movement training can be an effective intervention to improve psychophysiological variables and the range of motion for the institutionalized elderly.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표논문집 논문집
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• pp.3-6
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• 1999

The study was performed to evaluate the sense of equilibrium by means of rotary chair system in middle school girls with dance learning. Control of equilibrium, which is the most important function in dancing, is maintained by vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive inputs. Experimental groups were divided into trained group with dance (experimental group, 13~14 ys, n=15) and untrained group (control group, 13~14 ys, n=15). experimental group was trained by programmed dancing for 12 weeks, 45 min/day and 5 day/week. Gain of eye movement was measured for vestibulocular reflex (VOR), visual vestibular stimulation (VVOR), optokinetic stimulation(OKN), and visual fixation (VFX). The gain of eye movement at higher than 0.08 hz was significant decrease in experimental group, and VVOR showed the similar fashion to VOR. The gain in OKN and VFX was not significant difference between experimental and control groups. These results suggest that programmed training of dancing improves control of balance by adaptation of the vestibular function, and rotary chair system would be useful to evaluate the sense of equilibrium ability.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the elastic band on ballet arabesque based on kinematics analysis. Methods : To observe the effect of the elastic band, the availability of the elastic band during movement was set as the independent variable, and the dependent variables were set by using factors from two different categories such as motor mechanics and kinematics variables. For motor mechanics variable, the muscle activity and the center of pressure(COP)'s trajectory and velocity were used. Furthermore, the physical angle was used for kinematic variables. Data samples from the experiment was used to understand the correlation between independent and dependent variables while using paired samples t-test as a data analysis tool. Results : After analyzing the result of experiment, the usage of the Elastic band on ballet arabesque movement seemed to increase the activity of the agonistic muscle, which is mainly used for movement, and to improve the stability of the supporting leg by decreasing the trajectory and velocity of the center of pressure(COP). Moreover, the elastic band increased the level of elevation of the stretching leg with reducing the angle of the hip joint that resulted into a more stable movement and furthermore providing more beauty while standing on it. Conclusion : The movement training program while the using elastic band are expected to lead to appropriate muscular development and reduce the muscle imbalance, which usually occurs to dancers, during training with unfamiliar specific movements or strengthening muscular strength for a specific movement. In addition, this work is expected to be used as a training reference to understand and learn the fundamentals of movements of ballet and other dance fields.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.4-21
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• 2016

본 연구는 <진주검무>가 1967년 1월 16일 중요무형문화재 제12호로 지정된 이래 변화되고 있는 모습과 그 변화의 특징 및 보존 전승의 현황을 파악하려는데 목적이 있다. <진주검무>가 대를 이어가면서 변화를 거듭했고, 그로써 현재의 춤을 정립하게 된 정황을 파악하려는 것이다. <진주검무>는 1967년부터 2015년 현재 3대째의 보유자를 인정하였다. 제1세대 보유자는 권번 기녀 출신 8인이 1967년 인정되었다. 보유자들 간의 불화와 일부 보유자의 사망, 개인적인 경제활동 등의 이유로 전승교육이 잘 이루어지지 못했다. 따라서 전승교육과 활동의 구심점이 필요한 가운데 1978년 6월 21일에 성계옥이 제2세대 보유자로 추가 인정되었다. 비 기녀출신 성계옥의 활동 시기에는 <진주검무>의 새로운 시도와 변화를 가장 크게 보였다. 2009년 성계옥의 사망 후 제3세대 보유자는 김태연과 유영희로 2010년 2월에 인정되었다. 1966년 "무형문화재조사보고서"부터 2014년의 영상을 기초하여 비교한 춤과 그 주변의 변화 결과는 다음과 같다. 반주음악편성에 3세대 간 변화가 있었다. 1세대 영상(1970년)은 약 15분 공연했는데, 2세대 영상(2002년)는 25분여를 춤추도록 했다. 염불도드리 장단을 긴염불(상령산)로 해석하여 느리게 연주하였고, 본래 염불 15장단의 춤을 39장단까지 추가함으로써 시간을 길게 했다. 3세대(2013 2014년)에는 다시 15장단으로 환원된 춤을 추고 있다. 다만 긴염불이라는 명칭을 사용하면서 1세대 때는 3분간 추었던 염불을 3세대에서는 5분여를 춤추고 있어서, 2세대로부터 느림을 추구하고 있음을 보여준다. 춤 구성면에서 2세대에는 긴염불을 20여 장단 추가하면서 아(亞)자 모양의 춤 대형구성이 추가되었다. 3세대 공연에서는 실시하지 않고 있다. 춤사위 면에서 방석돌이 동작의 허리재기가 눈에 띄게 유연성을 잃어가고 있는 양상이다. 또 1장단의 시가가 늘어진 경향을 보인다. 중요무형문화재 지정 당시 1967년에는 칼 목이 돌아가는 것을 사용했는데, 2세대 보유자에 의해 1970년대 말부터 현행과 같이 칼목이 돌아가지 않는 것을 사용하기 시작했다. 칼의 모양도 1966년의 "조사보고서"는 반월형의 뾰족한 모습인데, 현재와 같은 직선형 칼을 사용한 것은 1970년 영상에서부터 보인다. 전립과 전복, 한삼착용의 기본 양식은 변화가 없으나, 한삼 색동 배열이 "조사보고서"와 달라졌다. 또 남색치마를 입는 것으로 변화되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, <진주검무>는 지정 이후 약 50년 동안 변화가 능동적으로 실시되었음을 알 수 있다. 주로 제2세대 성계옥 보유자를 주축으로 변화가 일어났다. 중요무형문화재의 전승과 보존이라는 명제에서 볼 때, 춤 종목은 장단과 춤의 조화가 그 무엇보다 중요하다. 국가 중요무형문화재로서 검무의 오랜 전통성을 보존 전승하려는 노력이 강화될 수 있기를 바란다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2008

본 연구는 댄스스포츠 라틴댄스 룸바 Backward Walk 동작시 지면반력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 규명하기 위해 지면반력기를 이용하여 결과를 도출하였다. 우수선수와 비우수선수간 t-test를 통해 비교하여 오른발의 동작시 수직(Fz)지면반력의 착지와 이지에서 유의한 차이를 보였고, 왼발에서는 수직(Fz), 좌우(Fx), 에서 착지와 수직(Fz), 좌우(Fx) 이지에서 유의차가 나타났다. 우수선수와 비우수선수간의 차이는 오른발에서 수직(Fz) 지면반력 이외 다른 방향에서는 유의차가 나타나지 않았으며, 왼발은 지면반력의 전후(Fy) 이지에서 유의한 차이가 없음이 밝혀졌다. 이는 일반적으로 왼발 운동능력이 트레이닝을 통하여 훈련된 우수선수 집단에서 더 발달되었음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 지면 반력의 차이를 이해하고, 비우수선수 및 초보자들의 경우 동작의 반복훈련 및 트레이닝을 통하여 양발을 균형 있게 발달시킴으로써 정확한 동작 수행이 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

• 공연문화연구
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• 제41호
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• pp.285-320
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• 2020

본고는 양주별산대놀이의 주요배역 중 하나인 상좌와 옴중의 '춤'을 중심으로 전승양상을 살펴본 연구이다. 먼저 1929년부터 1942년까지 조종순, 정한규, 박준섭, 김성태 연희자를 토대로 조사된 자료들을 살펴본 결과, 현재 거드름춤으로 유명한 두 배역 모두 타령장단의 깨끼춤만 연행하였다. 상좌의 경우 다섯 종류의 깨끼사위를 중심으로 연희자의 재량에 맞춰 자유롭게 연행되었다. 제2과장에서 연행된 옴중은 춤보다는 재담이 주가 되는 배역이었다. 일제강점기의 연행을 살펴본 결과 두 배역은 물론 다른 배역의 춤에도 큰 변화가 보이진 않았다. 이는 당시 일제의 억압으로 인해 제한된 환경 속에서 탈놀이의 명맥만을 유지해왔기 때문인 것으로 보인다. 해방이후부터는 김성대를 중심으로 탈놀이의 복원에 많은 힘을 쓰게 된다. 한국전쟁 중에도 연희자들은 탈놀이의 명맥을 이어가기 위해 연희자들을 길러내는 등의 노력을 해왔다. 종전 이후 살아남은 연희자는 박준섭, 박상환, 김성태, 이장순이었으며, 이들을 중심으로 탈놀이 복원을 꾸준히 이어갔다. 이시기부터 두 배역에 거드름춤의 연행이 나타나기 시작한다. 상좌는 그간 타령장단에 행하던 벽사의식무가 염불장단에 연행되었고, 의식무였던 깨끼춤은 매우 활발한 춤으로 변모된다. 옴중도 용트림이라 불리는 거드름춤의 연행이 추가되어, 춤의 비중이 매우 높아졌다. 이때까지 거드름춤의 연행을 사위로 구분하지 않고, 행위만을 서술한 것으로 미루어보아 춤사위가 완벽하게 정립되진 않았던 것으로 보인다. 문화재 지정이후, 상좌춤의 연희자가 박상환에서 이병권으로 넘어가면서 이전의 연행을 중심으로 한층 더 정리된다. 당시 상좌가 연행한 거드름춤은 연잎이 연행하는 거드름춤의 구조와 같았으며, 본 구조를 중심으로 지속적으로 춤의 순서를 정립해왔다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 옴중춤은 박준섭 이후의 연행부터 기존에 비해 장삼을 쓰는 전개가 조금 더 순차적으로 정리되었다. 정리된 옴중춤의 연행구조도 노장춤의 연행구조와 놀라울 정도로 흡사하였다. 두 배역 모두 연잎춤과 노장춤의 구조를 직접 분석하여 안무하였다기 보다는 연희자가 춤을 연행해오는 과정에서 자연스럽게 그 구조가 차용되었을 것으로 추측된다. 이처럼 두 배역 모두 오랜 기간 보존해오는 과정에서 연행되는 장단과 춤사위가 늘어났으며, 사위가 장단에 맞게 정리가 이루어져 춤이 더욱 깔끔해졌다. 여러 연희자들의 노력 덕분에 상좌춤은 '상당한 경지에 오른 연희자만이 출 수 있는 춤'으로 옴중춤은 '양주별산대놀이를 대표하는 춤'으로 자리 잡게 된 것이다.