• Title/Summary/Keyword: Korean corn

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Effects of Ammoniation or Supplementation of BHT, CTC, and Probiotics to Moldy Corn on the Performance of Broiler Chickens (곰팡이 쓴 옥수수를 사용할때 Ammonia 처리와 BHT, CTC, Probiotics의 첨가가 육계에 미치는 영향)

  • 남궁환;백인기
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.221-226
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    • 1986
  • In order to study the effect of feeding moldy corn in the feed and to compare the efficacy of several antidotical treatments, a feeding trial was conducted using broiler chickens. Ground yet low corn was adjusted to contain 20% moisture and then incubated at 35$^{\circ}C$ for 20 days. The number of fungi increased from 11${\times}$10$^4$/g to 42 10$\^$7/g on incubation but aflatoxins (B$_1$, B$_2$, G$_1$, G$_2$) were not detected by TLC test. Moldy corn was included in the experimental diets at the level of 7% with various treatments. Thirty six hatched male broiler chickens were divided into 6 groups and each group was placed for 4 weeks on one of the following treatments: Fresh corn, Moldy corn, Ammoniated (1.5%) moldy corn, Moldy corn+BHT (0.1%), Moldy corn CTC (100ppm) and Moldy corn+Probiotics. Weight gains of the birds fed Ammoniated moldy corn diet, Moldy corn+Probiotics dist and Moldy corn+CTC diet were greater by 6.1%. 7.6% and 3.9% respectively than those fed Moldy corn diet. The feed efficiencies of Moldy corn+Probiotics diet and Moldy corn+CTC diet were better than those of Moldy corn diet. Dry matter contents of the livers of the birds fed Ammoniated moldy corn diet, Moldy corn+BHT diet and Moldy corn diet were lower than those of other treatments. Proteion contents of the livers of the birds fed Moldy corn diet, Moldy corn +CTC diet and Moldy corn+BHT diet were lower than those of other treatments. Moldy corn tended to increase fat content of the livers.

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Studies on Corn-Legume intercropping System V. Effect of corn-legume intercropping system ondry matter yield and chemical composition in silage (Silage용 옥수수와 두과작물의 간작에 관한 연구 V. Silage용 옥수수 ( Zea mays L. ) 와 두과작물의 간작이 건물수량과 silage의 영양성분함량에 미치는 영향)

  • 이성규
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.110-114
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    • 1990
  • Although corn is regarded as the most feasible forage corp, its relatively low content of protein is the critical we a kness for animal feeding. Many researches have been carried out to improve protein level in corn forage, however, there are no indicatable results but corn-legume intercropping. Plot test and proximate analysis were fullfill to compare dry matter yield and available nutrients of silage corn mono-culture system with those of corn-legume intercropping system of forage plant and silage. The MO culture system were observed by two stage of maturity, milk stage (Aug. 3), yellow stage (Aug. 24), and obtained following results. 1. Dry matter yields per 10 a at milk stage in corn mono-culture system was 596.2kg and corn-legume intercropping systems were 609.0 kg (corn-cowpea), 591.0 kg (corn-soybean) and 563.1 kg (corn-frenchbean), respectively. And comparable to them, 1508.9 kg (corn mono.), 1482.8 kg (corn-cowpea), 1482.6 kg (cornsoybean), 1379.1 kg (corn-frenchbean) were harvested at yellow stage. 2. The general trends of chemical composition by stages of maturity in corn mono-culture systems were higher than that of corn-legume intercropping system. 3. Crude protein content in corn-legume silages were significantly higher than corn mono-culture at yellow stage, except corn-frenchbean intercropping system. 4. Crude fiber content in corn-legume silage was higher than corn mono-culture silage harvested at yellow stage. 5. Consequently, corn-legume intercropping improved nutritional quality of silage than that of corn-monocultivated silage.

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Variation of Growth and Yield of Silage Corn According to Maturity (숙기별 사일리지용 옥수수의 생육 및 수량변화)

  • 서종허;이호진
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.291-298
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    • 1996
  • This study was carried out at Crop Experiment Station in 1993 and 1994. The objective of this study was finding out variation of growth and yield of corn according to maturity. Hybrids of corn used in this study were early maturing corn Comet80, Elite90, Royaldent IOOT, Royaldent T$\times$llO, P3525, P3394, medium maturing corn Royaldent 120T. and late maturing corn Jungbuok, P3144W. G4743. Stalk height, leaf number, ear weight, stover weight, and TDN yield of early maturing corn were linearly increased with prolonged maturity in 1993 growing season. Leaf number, and stover weight of early and late maturing corn were linearly increased with prolonged maturity in 1994 growing season. But ear weight of late manuring corn was not increased as much as that of early manuring corn with prolonged maturity. Increase of total DM and TDN yield of late maturing corn was due to stover weight increase compared with ear weight increase of early maturing corn. Leaf number and stover weight were highly correlated with silk (Growing Degree Days) GDD.

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Effect of Winter Annual Forage Crops on Growth , Yield and Quality of Silage Corn (추파사료작물이 사일리지용 옥수수의 생장 , 수량 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향)

  • 김동암;김원호
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.122-131
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    • 1993
  • This study was conducted in 1991 and 1992 to determine the effects of winter annual forage corps such as winter rye (Secale cereale L.), rape (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera L.), oats (Auena satiua L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), vetch (Vicia satiua L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolim multiflorum Lam.) on subsequent growth, yield and quality of silage corn (Zea mays L.). The winter annual forage crops were seeded at the end of August and harvested in the fall and spring before corn planting. Corn-leaf numbers, plant heights and LA1 were generally reduced during early development when corn followed Italian ryegrass(P<0.05) and winter rye, but the silking date of corn was not affected by the winter annual forage crops. Corn dry matter and TDN yields were significantly reduced when corn followed Italian ryegrass and late maturing Kodiak winter rye. The yield reductions for corn following Italian ryegrass and Kodiak winter rye, relative to corn which did not follow the winter annual forage crops, were 49 and 19% respectively. but the corn yield was slightly improved by 2 and 3%, respectively. when corn followed crimson clover and vetch. No quality differences in corn stover were observed among the treatments except for the lowest ADF and NDF contents and the highest IVDMD where corn followed ltaliabn ryegrass.

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The Quality Characteristics of Rice-Corn Cakes (옥수수 가루를 첨가한 Rice-Corn Cakes의 특성에 관한 연구)

  • 김영인
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.426-430
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    • 2001
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of adding corn flour on the quality of rice cakes. Rice-corn cakes were prepared by adding corn flour at 25%, 50% and 75%, and the quality characteristics were measured. In the expansion ratio, springiness and cohesiveness of rice-corn cakes, the 25% group(C-25) was the highest and the 75% group(C-75) was the lowest. The higher the ratio of adding corn flour was, the lower the expansion ratio, springiness and cohesiveness were. In the hardness and chewiness of rice-corn cakes, the 75 % group(C-75) was the highest and the 25% group(C-25) was the lowest. But in the taste, texture and overall acceptance of rice-corn cakes, the 50% group(C-50) was the best.

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Effect of flaking on the digestibility of corn in ruminants

  • Kang, Hamin;Lee, Mingyung;Jeon, Seoyoung;Lee, Sang Moon;Lee, Ju Hwan;Seo, Seongwon
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.63 no.5
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    • pp.1018-1033
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    • 2021
  • In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of flaking on the nutrient digestibility of corn grain in ruminants. In this regard, in vitro rumen fermentation, in situ rumen degradability, and in vivo metabolic experiments were performed. The automated gas production technique was used for the in vitro fermentation experiments. Six types of corn flakes with various degrees of gelatinization (32%, 41%, 48%, 66%, 86%, and 89%) were ground and incubated in rumen fluid to measure rumen fermentation characteristics and digestion rate. The in situ degradability of ground corn, whole corn, and corn flakes with 62% and 66% gelatinization was measured by incubation in the rumen of two cannulated Holstein cows. In vivo metabolic experiments were performed using 12 crossbred goats (29.8 ± 4.37 kg) using a 3 × 3 Latin square design. The dietary treatments consisted of ground corn and flaked corn with 48% or 62% gelatinization. In vitro experiments showed that as the degree of gelatinization increased, the digestion rate increased linearly, while the discrete lag time decreased linearly (p < 0.05). The effective rumen dry matter degradability, determined by in situ fermentation, was 37%p lower in corn flakes than ground corn, assuming a passage rate of 6%/h (p < 0.01), and there was no difference between the two flakes. In the in vivo experiment, there was no difference in dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed efficiency, and nitrogen utilization among the treatment groups (p > 0.05); however, the crude fat digestibility was lower for corn flakes than for ground corn (p < 0.05). To summarize, the rate of fermentation of corn flakes increased as the degree of gelatinization increased. However, non-ground corn flakes had lower rumen digestibility and did not improve in vivo apparent nutrient digestibility, compared with ground corn. In contrast to the assumption that flaked corn provides more energy to ruminant animals than ground corn, we conclude that the digestibility and energy value of corn flakes are lower than those of ground corn if mastication does not sufficiently reduce the particle size of corn flakes.

Formation and Properties of Corn Zein Coated ${\kappa}-Carrageenan$ Films (Corn Zein을 코팅한 카라기난 필름의 제조 및 특성)

  • Rhim, Jong-Whan;Park, Jeong-Wook;Jung, Soon-Teck;Park, Hyun-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.1184-1190
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    • 1997
  • Corn zein coated carrageenan films were manufactured by immersing preformed ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ films into solution of different concentrations of corn zein (CZ) solids (10, 20, and 30% in 95% ethyl alcohol) with polyethylene glycol (20% w/w of CZ), glycerol (24% w/w of CZ). For all types of films, water vapor permeability (WVP), water solubility (WS), swelling ratio (SR), tensile strength (TS), percent elongation at break (E), heat sealing strength (HS), and Hunter color values (L, a, and b) were determined. WVP of corn zein coated ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ films decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the concentration of com zein increase. Coating with corn zein also decreased film WS and SR linearly with the concentration of corn zein. TS of corn zein coated carrageenan films decreased linearly with corn zein concentration. All the com rein coated carrageenan films showed heat sealing properties even though their sealing strength was less than half of corn zein film. Obviously corn zein coating affected color of ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ films, which was mainly caused by increase in yellowness (Hunter b-value).

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Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Corn in Corn after Soybean Cropping

  • Seo, Jong-Ho;Lee, Ho-Jin;Lee, Jin-Wook
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.266-271
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    • 2001
  • Soybean can produce high-N residue due to N-fixation, so soybean rotation may increase yield of subsequent corn and reduce N fertilizer on the corn fairly. To find out the contribution of nitrogen to subsequent corn following soybean cultivation, soil nitrate, corn yield, and nitrogen uptake were measured for three continuous corn cropping years after soybean rotation. Three N rates of 0, 80, and 160 kg/ha were applied to three continuous corn following soybean cropping. At 6-leaf stage, soil nitrate amount at the soil depth of 0-30cm ranged from 60 to 80 kgN/ha higher in the first corn cropping year than that in the second and third corn cropping years. Judging from corn N status such as SPAD value, N concentration of ear-leaf and stover at silking stage, N contribution of previous soybean to corn in the first corn year was N fertilizer of approximately 80 kg N/ha. Stover N uptake at silking stage increased from 47 to 52 kg N/ha at the 0, and 80 kg N/ha of N rates in the first corn cropping year compared with those in the second and third corn cropping years. Corn grain yield at the 0 kg N/ha of N rate was 6-7 ton/ha higher in the first corn cropping year than that in the second and third corn cropping years, respectively. When compared the first corn year following soybean cropping with the second and third corn cropping years, N uptake of grain and stover at harvest with low N rates such as 0 and 80 kg N/ha increased from 45 to 67kg N/ha, from 35 to 60 kg N/ha, respectively. N uptake of whole plant by soybean rotation increased from 93 to 118 kg N/ha in the first year compared with that in the second and third corn cropping years. However, the N contribution by soybean cropping was small in the second and third continuous corn cropping years. Therefore, it was concluded that the nitrogen fertilizer of 80-100 kg N/ha in the first corn cropping year could be saved by soybean rotation and annual alternative corn-soybean rotation could be the best rotation system.

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Studies on Corn-Legume Intercropping System IV. Effects of corn-soybean intercropping on chemical composition and TDN yield (Silage용 옥수수와 두과작물의 간작에 관한 연구 IV. Silage용 옥수수 (Zea mays L.) 와 콩 ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) 의 간작이 영양성분함량 및 TDN수량에 미치는 영향)

  • 이성규
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 1989
  • This experiment was carried out to compare chemical composition, TDN yield of corn-soybean intercropping and corn monocropping forage plants at different harvesting time and obtained the following results. 1. In both cropping systems, the content of chemical composition of forage were changed same pattern in growing stage. The content of crude protein in corn-soybean intercropping forage at yellow stage increased more than that of corn nonocropping forage, while the crude fat in corn monocropping forage plants increased than that of corn-soybean intercropping forage plants at mature stage. 2. The crude fiber, crude ash, ADF content of forage plants in both cropping system decreased same pattern in growing period, however, NFE content of forage increased with maturity. 3. TDN yield of corn-soybean intercropping and corn monocropping forage plants at yellow stage obtained similar results and TDN yield per 10a in intercropping and monocropping were 1006.lkg and 978.6kg, respectively. 4. Consequently, corn-soybean interaopping system could be increased crude protein yield without decreasing of dry matter yield in comparison with corn monocropping system for corn silage.

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Studies on Corn-Legume Intercropping System Ⅱ. Effect of corn-cowpea intercropping system on chemical composition and yield (Silage용 옥수수와 荳科作物의 間作에 關한 硏究 Ⅱ. Silage용 옥수수 (Zea mays L.)와 동부 (Vigna sinensis King)의 間作이 營養成分含量 및 收量에 미치는 影響)

  • Lee, Seung-Kyu
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.128-134
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    • 1988
  • This experiment was carried out to compare chemical composition of corn-cowpea inter cropping and corn monocropping plants at different harvestion time and obtained the following results. 1. In both cropping systems, the contents of crude fat and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were significantly increased (P<0.01), while that of crude protein crude fiber and crude ash were decreased (P<0.01) with each harvesting time. 2. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude fiber contents were decreased same patterns in growing period, however, according to maturing of corn ears the difference between ADF and crude fiber contents reduced. 3. At mature stage, crude protein yields per 10a in corn monocropping and corn-cowpea intercropping system were 127.6kg and 152.1kg, respectively. The difference of crude protein content between corn-cowpea intercropping and corn monocropping system was 19.2%. 4. TDN yields of each cropping system, at mature stage, obtained similar results and TDN yields per 10a of corn monocropping and corn-cowpea intercropping system were 1006.1kg and 990.1, respectively. 5. Conseqently, corn-cowpea intercropping system could be increased protein yield without decreasing of dry matter yield in comparison with corn monocropping system.

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